移动机器人多传感器信息融合技术述评

多传感器信息融合技术是目前移动机器人领域的研究热点。详细阐述了多传感器信息融合技术在移动机器人领域中的应用与研究进展,尤其对多传感器信息融合实现方法进行了深入的探讨。指明了移动机器人领域中多传感器信息融合技术未来的发展方向。     

基于多传感器信息融合的移动机器人导航系统的设计与实现

概述多传感器信息融合技术的原理与方法，通过实例描述了多传感器信息融合在移动机器人导航中的应用。在能力风暴机器人平台建立了基于多传感器信息融合的导航体系结构，并通过具体的实验和结果表明了多传感器信息融合方法在导航中的有效性。     

改进的镍电解三段净化智能控制系统

利用各种传感器功能上的差异与互补建立多传感器系统，通过对各传感器提供的信息进行分析、综合，获得比任何单一传感更加稳定、可靠的信息，这就是愈来愈受到重视的多传感器信息集成与融合技术本文提出了多传感器集成与多传感器融合的概念，根据镍电解三段净化过程以及所检测的传感信号，给出了多传感器集成系统概率模型和黑板式控制结构．给出了多传感器信息融合的拓扑结构和融合方法。     

基于多传感器信息融合的移动机器人导航系统

介绍了多传感器信息融合的基本原理,给出了基于多传感器信息融合的移动机器人导航系统结构。建立了移动机器人数学模型,运用基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的信息融合方法实现了移动机器人导航算法。通过实验验证了基于多传感器信息融合的移动机器人导航系统和导航算法的有效性。     

机器人多传感器信息融合研究综述

多传感器信息融合是一门新兴的技术,在机器人领域有着广阔的应用前景。综述并分析了多传感器信息融合技术在工业机器人、机器手爪、飞行机器人、移动机器人、爬行机器人和水下机器人中应用的研究现状,从机器人传感器的研制、融合算法、多传感器管理和信息融合仿生机理等方面总结了机器人多传感器信息融合的发展趋势。     

多传感器信息融合技术及其发展趋势

阐述了信息融合的定义、设计流程及信息融合的处理过程,分析并比较了多传感器信息融合的层次。介绍了多传感器信息融合的技术和方法及其在军、民事领域方面的应用。在此基础上提出了有待解决的问题,并分析了多传感器信息融合的发展趋势与进展。     

多传感器信息融合技术及其发展趋势

阐述了信息融合的定义、设计流程及信息融合的处理过程,分析并比较了多传感器信息融合的层次。介绍了多传感器信息融合的技术和方法及其在军、民事领域方面的应用。在此基础上提出了有待解决的问题,并分析了多传感器信息融合的发展趋势与进展。     

多传感器信息融合技术及其在机器人中的应用

多传感器信息融合技术是近年发展起来的一门新兴技术,在机器人领域有着广阔的应用前景。通过融合多个传感器提供的冗余、互补或更实时的信息,可以获得系统所需的更准确和更精确的信息。主要论述了多传感器信息融合的一般方法,并对其在机器人领域的应用进行了介绍。最后指出多传感器信息融合技术在微传感器、智能传感器和自适应融合等方面的发展方向。     

多传感器信息融合及其在工业中的应用综述

介绍了多传感器信息融合的基本理论、研究现状和多传感器信息融合在工业中的应用现状。重点分析了多传感器信息融合理论、实际应用所取得的成绩和存在的问题,提出了将来研究的方向。     

多传感器信息融合概述及其应用

多传感器数据融合广泛应用于自动目标识别、工业过程控制、遥感、医疗诊断、图像处理、模式识别等领域。介绍了多传感器信息融合技术的概念,对信息融合的算法进行了概述,提出了基于粗糙集理论的多源信息融合算法,最后对多传感器融合技术的研究动向进行了展望。     

A Probabilistic Analysis of Multiple-drug Testing Procedures in Sports Doping Control

Athletes engaged in competition, particularly those involved in international competitions such as the Olympics, are increasingly being tested for a greater variety of banned substances; it is not unusual for tests to be conducted for 100 drugs and another 400 as metabolites. Previous studies related to the accuracy of drug testing processes have failed to properly consider the effects of testing for more than one drug. In order to identify appropriate indicators for the multiple-drug case, probability theory and accuracy concepts applicable to testing for multiple drugs are developed and applied to illustrative data. The probability that a drug-free individual will test positive for drug use is shown to be much higher than indicated by previous studies, and it is shown that an increase in the number of drugs tested for yields an approximately proportionate increase in the probability that a positive test result is erroneous. Therefore, while testing for one drug may result in a comfortably low rate of false accusations of drug use, testing for multiple drugs may well result in an unacceptably high rate. Finally, a set of empirical measures is suggested for use in cases of tests for multiple drugs; the measures will provide for comparability among laboratory proficiency studies.     

惯性系统的时域在线辨识

给出二阶惯性系统阶跃响应斜率和幅值在幅值拐点处的时域表达式及其矩形脉冲响应幅值在其极大值点处的时域表达式,三阶惯性系统阶跃响应斜率在响应的二阶导数极大值点处、阶跃响应幅值在其拐点处和矩形脉冲响应斜率在响应二阶导数极小值点处的时域表达式,并找到了一种在时域辨识一阶、二阶和三阶惯性系统的方法．实测结果表明,该方法简便、可靠,测试精度高．     

ISO/IEC 10646国际编码标准下的香港电脑汉字编码及字形原则

在ISO/IEC 10646国际编码标准中,香港使用的汉字载于H列。该文介绍了如何在ISO/IEC 10646国际编码标准下进一步完善香港电脑汉字的扩展机制及H列字符字源资料的编码方案。由于目前H列的很多字形并未完全反映香港的实际习惯写法,因此香港制定了一套适用于香港常用写法的电脑汉字参考字形,该文介绍了此套字形的原则。     

An online expert system for fault diagnosis in hydraulic systems

Fault diagnosis has become increasingly important for industrial automation and many approaches have been investigated for the online diagnostic task. This work demonstrates a new online expert system for dynamic industrial automated processes. The emphasis of this diagnostic system lies in the functions provided for fault detection, prediction, compensation and diagnosis. The system uses experiential knowledge cooperatively with scientific knowledge in a new interactive formation. It is developed in two parts using the DASYLab software for the numerical computations and the KPWin development tool for the symbolic representations. The system was developed in collaboration with the company Automation Systems S.A., which specializes in hydraulic systems, and is used for fault detection in production machines.     

Integration of product design,process planning,scheduling, and FMS control using XML data representation

An efficient model for communications between CAD, CAPP, and CAM applications in distributed manufacturing planning environment has been seen as key ingredient for CIM. Integration of design model with process and scheduling information in real-time is necessary in order to increase product quality, reduce the cost, and shorten the product manufacturing cycle. This paper describes an approach to integrate key product realization activities using neutral data representation. The representation is based on established standards for product data exchange and serves as a prototype implementation of these standards. The product and process models are based on object-oriented representation of geometry, features, and resulting manufacturing processes. Relationships between objects are explicitly represented in the model (for example, feature precedence relations, process sequences, etc.). The product model is developed using XML-based representation for product data required for process planning and the process model also uses XML representation of data required for scheduling and FMS control. The procedures for writing and parsing XML representations have been developed in object-oriented approach, in such a way that each object from object-oriented model is responsible for storing its own data into XML format. Similar approach is adopted for reading and parsing of the XML model. Parsing is performed by a stack of XML handlers, each corresponding to a particular object in XML hierarchical model. This approach allows for very flexible representation, in such a way that only a portion of the model (for example, only feature data, or only the part of process plan for a single machine) may be stored and successfully parsed into another application. This is very useful approach for direct distributed applications, in which data are passed in the form of XML streams to allow real-time on-line communication. The feasibility of the proposed model is verified in a couple of scenarios for distributed manufacturing planning that involves feature mapping from CAD file, process selection for several part designs integrated with scheduling and simulation of the FMS model using alternative routings.     

Using orientation codes for rotation-invariant template matching

A new method for rotation-invariant template matching in gray scale images is proposed. It is based on the utilization of gradient information in the form of orientation codes as the feature for approximating the rotation angle as well as for matching. Orientation codes-based matching is robust for searching objects in cluttered environments even in the cases of illumination fluctuations resulting from shadowing or highlighting, etc. We use a two-stage framework for realizing the rotation-invariant template matching; in the first stage, histograms of orientation codes are employed for approximating the rotation angle of the object and then in the second stage, matching is performed by rotating the object template by the estimated angle. Matching in the second stage is performed only for the positions which have higher similarity results in the first stage, thereby pruning out insignificant locations to speed up the search. Experiments with real world scenes demonstrate the rotation- and brightness invariance of the proposed method for performing object search.     

A Multiple Models Approach for Adaptation and Learning in Mobile Robots Control

The paper proposes a multiple models based control methodology for the solution of the tracking problem for mobile robots. The proposed method utilizes multiple models of the robot for its identification in an adaptive and learning control framework. Radial Basis Function Networks (RBFNs) are considered for the multiple models in order to exploit the non-linear approximation capabilities of the nets for modeling the kinematic behaviour of the vehicle and for reducing unmodelled tracking errors contributions. The training of the nets and the control performance analysis have been done in a real experimental setup. The experimental results are satisfactory in terms of tracking errors and computational efforts and show the improvement in the tracking performance when the proposed methodology is used for tracking tasks in dynamical uncertain environments.     

多核处理器并行程序的确定性重放研究

多核处理器并行程序的确定性重放是实现并行程序调试的有效手段,对并行编程有重要意义。但由于多核架构下存在共享访存不同步问题,并行程序确定性重放的研究依然面临多方面的挑战,给并行程序的调试带来很大困难,严重影响了多核架构下并行程序的普及和发展。分析了多核处理器造成并行程序确定性重放难以实现的关键因素,总结了确定性重放的评价指标,综述了近年来学术界对并行程序确定性重放的研究。根据总结的评价指标,从纯软件方式和硬件支持方式对目前的确定性重放方法进行了分析与对比,并在此基础上对多核架构下并行程序的确定性重放未来的研究趋势和应用前景进行了展望。     

An interactive method for extracting grammar from programs

The grammar of the language in which some given code is written is essential for developing automated tools for maintenance, reengineering, and program analysis. Frequently grammar is available for a language but not for its variants that are implemented by various vendors and in which the given code may be written. In this work we address the problem of obtaining the grammar from source code, which can then be used for generating tools for the programs. We propose an incremental method for obtaining grammar for a particular language variant, from a set of programs written in the language variant and an approximate grammar (presumably of the standard language) with some user interaction. We also present the design of a tool for implementing this approach and our experience in working with grammars of C, C++ and COBOL. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sensor network design based on system-wide reliability criteria. Part I: Objectives

Reliability based criteria are quite popular for optimal sensor network design. We present a modified definition of system reliability for sensor network design for two applications: reliable estimation of variables in a steady state linear flow process, and reliable fault detection and diagnosis for any process. Unlike the weakest-link based definition of system reliability in the literature, the proposed definition considers the entire system and is consistent with the reliability concept used in classical reliability literature. For each application, dual approaches for defining system reliability are proposed, and their analogy with the reliability problem in the classical reliability literature is established. Using examples and stochastic simulations, the advantage of using the proposed system reliability in contrast to the existing definition is illustrated. Part II of this series of articles presents methods for efficient generation of the system reliability function and its use in optimization-based approaches for designing optimal sensor networks.