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介绍了目前国内外应用的几种饮用水深度处理技术的现状,比较了这几种技术在使用中的优缺点及存在的问题.可供不同水源和出水水质深度处理时参考,展望了未来饮用水深度处理技术的趋势. 相似文献
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以恰甫其海水利枢纽工程职工用水净化处理为实例,简要说明水库水经原水处理、蓄水池、袋式过滤器、精密过滤器、中空超滤纤维系统、活性炭吸附、水质检测等净化工序,转换为生活饮用水的处理过程。 相似文献
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开展了H2O2/O3灭活隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium parvum)的研究。考察了H2O2和O3投加比例、过氧化氢作用效果、无机金属离子等因素的影响。结果表明,H2O2/O3协同技术具有最佳的灭活效果,H2O2的投加不仅降低了药剂(O3)的初始浓度(投量2.0mg/L),而且缩短了灭活时间(7.0 min),达到理想的灭活效果(灭活率99.0%以上)时,H2O2/O3摩尔比为0.8;同时考察了水中常见离子对H2O2/O3灭活效果的影响,低浓度的Ca2+,Mg2+和Cu2+等二价金属离子均对灭活起到一定促进作用,一价离子Na+对灭活无明显的作用,而NO-3,HCO-3和Cl-在一定范围内抑制了H2O2/O3对隐孢子虫的灭活。 相似文献
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对桐乡市现有水厂原水、出厂水水质做出分析,提出了积极寻找优质的水源和强化水处理工艺来改善自来水水质的两个对策,并进行了多方案的技术经济比较。 相似文献
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饮用水水质处理技术在农村饮水安全工程中的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据地下水铁锰超标的机理,结合辽宁省农村饮水不安全现状及农村饮水工程现状,探讨铁锰超标饮用水的水处理技术,比较传统的氧化法除铁锰技术与离子交换法除铁锰技术的优缺点,通过实际应用,研究适宜于农村饮用水的水质处理技术。 相似文献
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通过对来宾市饮水安全现状进行调查研究,分析造成来宾市农村人口饮水安全困难问题的原因,并提出了解决来宾市农村人口饮水安全困难问题的思路与对策. 相似文献
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改性活性炭对饮用水中铬酸盐的去除特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了阳离子聚合物十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)、癸基三甲基溴化铵(MTAB)以及三甲基正十四烷溴化铵(DTAB)对颗粒活性炭的改性特点以及改性后活性炭对饮用水中六价铬的去除效果。目的在于开发一种能有效去除饮用水中铬盐离子的吸附材料。研究中首先利用吸附平衡实验比较了未改性活性炭以及三种阳离子聚合物改性后活性炭对铬的吸附能力。结果表明:阳离子聚合物改性能有效提高活性炭对铬的吸附,同时CTAC改性后活性炭对铬盐的吸附效果要好于MTAB和DTAB。另外,活性炭对六价铬的吸附过程符合Langm iur吸附平衡模型以及二级动力学模型。阳离子聚合物在活性炭上的稳定性也是个重要的问题。对其检测的结果表明聚合物和活性炭的结合非常稳定,改性活性炭吸附六价铬的过程中阳离子聚合物的脱附量少于3%。 相似文献
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研究我国饮用水中剑水蚤体表携带细菌的来源,其细菌种属、优势菌属与自然水体中细菌种属、优势菌属的区别,以及细菌在剑水蚤体表分布的情况。结果表明:剑水蚤体表细菌主要来源于自然水体,其细菌种属与自然水体中的细菌种属相似度高达74.8%,而剑水蚤体表细菌的优势菌属与自然水体中细菌的优势菌属存在的差别较小;自然水体中的优势菌属在剑水蚤体表不一定是优势菌属;自然水体中自由细菌数量上比剑水蚤体表携带的细菌多。利用绿色荧光蛋白标记技术,发现标记绿色荧光蛋白的大肠杆菌在剑水蚤体表分布不均匀,细菌主要聚集在剑水蚤足部、尾部等长有刚毛的部位,剑水蚤背部与腹部关节部位也附着部分细菌,雌性剑水蚤的卵囊是细菌的重要载体。 相似文献
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Providing a case of bottled water as the main source of drinking water for a nation, this article looks at the unfolding of this development in Mexico and locates it into the mainstream debate about how to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) Target 6.1: universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all. This is timely and relevant due to the 2017 amplification of the indicators defining access to improved sources of water to include the use of bottled water, under the broader category of “packaged water.” This signifies that populations that rely on bottled water as a complement to tap water, independent of the frequency and quality of this service, will be considered to have achieved the target. In only two decades, the phenomenon of bottled water has grown from a high‐end, niche consumer good to a global industry valued at $170 billion and climbing. 1 1 Different analysts project the market to reach $280 by 2020 or $307 by 2024, source: Zion Market Research. (2017, May 26). Bottled Water Market (Still, Carbonated, Flavored, and Functional Bottled Water): Global Industry Perspective, Comprehensive Analysis, and Forecast, 2014–2020. Zion Market Research; Transparency Market Research ( 2016 , October 13).
The industry now stands poised to show how the private sector can be involved in achieving global targets, such as SDG 6.1, while earning large profits. In Mexico, 2017 estimates show 73% of the national population relies on bottled water as their unique source of drinking water, up from 61% in 2010. The article will trace the industry's history in Mexico rising out of an earthquake, a cholera epidemic, a financial crisis and the actions of the bottled water corporations. The profitability of this particular model of water delivery has attracted large‐scale investment by multinational food and beverage corporations and banks as well a recent explosion of small‐scale neighborhood water shops selling relatively small quantities of water. Today, this Mexican model is actively being replicated in other regions. Using a literature review and interviews with key informants from CONAGUA, Mexico's national water commission, the article traces four “lines of flight” of the origin and development of the bottled water industry in Mexico. The article reviews the current expansion of market actors and the published strategies of the dominant multinational corporations, to show the various configurations of the bottled water industry that are competing for the future of water delivery. The paper concludes by suggesting that the consequences of this trend deserve renewed examination by the water research community. This article is categorized under:
The industry now stands poised to show how the private sector can be involved in achieving global targets, such as SDG 6.1, while earning large profits. In Mexico, 2017 estimates show 73% of the national population relies on bottled water as their unique source of drinking water, up from 61% in 2010. The article will trace the industry's history in Mexico rising out of an earthquake, a cholera epidemic, a financial crisis and the actions of the bottled water corporations. The profitability of this particular model of water delivery has attracted large‐scale investment by multinational food and beverage corporations and banks as well a recent explosion of small‐scale neighborhood water shops selling relatively small quantities of water. Today, this Mexican model is actively being replicated in other regions. Using a literature review and interviews with key informants from CONAGUA, Mexico's national water commission, the article traces four “lines of flight” of the origin and development of the bottled water industry in Mexico. The article reviews the current expansion of market actors and the published strategies of the dominant multinational corporations, to show the various configurations of the bottled water industry that are competing for the future of water delivery. The paper concludes by suggesting that the consequences of this trend deserve renewed examination by the water research community. This article is categorized under:
- Engineering Water > Planning Water
- Human Water > Water Governance
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An evaluation of a potential water supply for the city of Amman, Jordan was conducted for five tributaries (wadis) to the Dead Sea. The total average discharge of approximately 0.85 m3/s (26.8 million cubic metres (MCM)/year) represents a significant quantity of water given the limited fresh-water supplies in the region. Although the raw water concentrations sometimes exceeded allowable concentrations for metals and pathogens, standard drinking water treatment associated with desalination facilities should alleviate most water quality concerns. The total construction cost is estimated to be between $85 and $95 million. Assuming a 15-year design life, this corresponds to a cost of $0.22/m3. This is feasible compared to alternative water supply options. 相似文献
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Isabel Douterelo Rebecca L. Sharpe Stewart Husband Katherine E. Fish Joby B. Boxall 《Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water》2019,6(1)
Microorganisms in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS), and in particular the microbial communities that form biofilms on infrastructure surfaces, drive critical processes impacting water quality. This paper reviews knowledge, research approaches, and monitoring methods to consolidate understanding of the microbial ecology of DWDS. The review highlights how microbial characteristics and subsequent behavior can be broadly classified as common or complex. Common behavior relates to the ubiquitous and continual development of biofilms, consistent core communities, and mediated material accumulation. In contrast, the complex aspect relates to the shape, structure, and composition of the microbiome, defined by site‐specific properties such as supplied source water, pipe material, and hydraulic regimes. It is shown how the latest microbial tools and techniques can be applied to increase our understanding of DWDS ecology and how water utilities are starting to use this knowledge. This is not because of regulatory requirements, but in recognition that they provide valuable information facilitating proactive management and operation benefits to these critical yet aging systems, protecting water quality and public health in the process. This article is categorized under:
- Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water
- Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems
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Abstract: There is a growing need for a comprehensive approach for assessing drinking water systems that enables managers and engineers to quickly address critical hazards that impact their water supply systems and plan for system improvements. A hazard identification framework for water utilities is developed and applied to the municipal water supply system at Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico, operated by the Comisión Municipal de Agua Potable y Saneamiento de Xalapa (CMAS Xalapa). The framework is designed to aid in the analysis of a water supply system from catchment to tap and consists of four components: system characterization, identification of hazards, assessment of the impacts of the major hazards, and determination of priority recommendations for system improvements. When the framework is applied to the CMAS Xalapa system, a number of significant hazardous events are identified including elevated turbidity events and high pressure surcharges. Recommendations for system improvements include increased data collection and analysis and enhanced management of control measures for mitigating the impacts of the hazards. 相似文献
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当前我国农村存在着诸如饮用水质量不高、水量不足、供水保证率不够稳定等问题,这里面既有资金投入不足、管理主体缺失等政府层面的原因,也有部分农民认识不到位、社会关注度不够等农民个体以及社会层面的原因,只有紧密联系当前社会主义新农村建设的大环境,多维度对农村饮水安全问题进行思考,才能不断促进我国农村饮水安全服务体系的不断完善。 相似文献
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采用超滤、颗粒活性炭和紫外线消毒组合工艺对自来水进行深度处理。试验表明,对水中浊度、CODMn、UV254、细菌总数的平均去除率分别为89.8%、90.7%、96.2%和94.5%,以上各参数最终出水平均值分别为0.155NTU、0.35mg/L、0.009cm-1、0CFU/mL,达到了现行《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749—2006)和《饮用净水水质标准》(CJ94—2005)的要求。因此,超滤、颗粒活性炭与紫外线消毒组合工艺用于制备直接饮用水是可行的。 相似文献