共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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1991年汛期我国局部地区发生了比较严重的洪涝灾害,特别是太湖、淮河流域发生了仅次于1954年的大洪水。水利部杨振怀部长在七届人大第二十一次会议上谈到这次大水暴露出来的问题时指出:河道人为设障及盲目围垦湖泊洼地,使河道过洪和湖泊蓄水能力普遍下降。淮河洪水与五六十年代相比,同流量的水位升高1.0m左右,同水位下的过流能力减少了 相似文献
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Stephen K. Hamilton 《河流研究与利用》1999,15(4):289-299
The Pantanal wetland of Brazil, a vast complex of seasonally inundated floodplains along the Paraguay River, is renowned for its outstanding biological resources. A proposed navigation project known as the Paraguay–Paraná Waterway (or Hidrovía) would deepen the Paraguay River channel to facilitate year‐round navigation through the Pantanal. The possibility of decreases in river levels (stage) has aroused concerns in relation to the potential environmental impacts, however the poor understanding of the hydrological relationships between rivers and floodplains has hampered evaluation of these impacts. The present study evaluates the potential impact of river modifications on adjacent floodplains by examining the relationship between the Paraguay River stage and the extent of floodplain inundation. Satellite observations of flooded area (from passive microwave emission; monthly data for 1979–1987) are plotted against river stage from several stations throughout the region to show the stage–inundation relationships for eight subregions along the Paraguay River. Scenarios in which the Paraguay River stage is decreased from the 20th and 80th percentile values reveal large potential impacts on inundation. For stage decreases of 0.10 and 0.25 m, the total flooded area is reduced by 1430 and 3830 km2 at low‐water, and by 2410 and 5790 km2 at high‐water, respectively. The floodplains of the two northernmost subregions appear to be most susceptible to reductions in flooding, losing more than half of their flooded area with a 0.25‐m decrease in the low‐water stage. The ecological impacts of these reductions in flooded area may be particularly severe at low water, when the few areas that typically remain flooded throughout the dry season serve as important refuges for aquatic animals. These results underscore the need for better understanding of the hydrology of the integrated river floodplain systems in the Pantanal before river channel modifications are carried out. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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对黄河下游滩区已搬迁居民的问卷调查结果显示:68.85%的搬迁居民对搬迁事件持积极乐观态度,79.70%的人对政府给予的搬迁支持表示感谢;75.76%的居民对搬迁政策的执行情况表示认可,对新的居住环境总体评价较好。群众的精神面貌也大为改观,对未来的发展充满希望。 相似文献
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黄河下游滩区居民因特殊自然环境而形成了特定的心理活动、心理需求,这既影响到他们的生产与生活.又对政府在滩区的有关政策产生或积极或消极的影响。国家制定和实施滩区政策时,应根据滩区居民的心理需要.树立“以人为本,,的观念,在洪水淹没补偿、村台建设与搬迁、基层组织建设、外迁政策的落实等方面切实解决滩区居民的具体困难,并采取一系列综合措施促进滩区社会经济健康发展及人与自然的和谐。 相似文献
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黄河下游滩区居民因受特殊的自然地理位置、灾害环境的影响,生活保障程度差,贫困人口多。他们既是黄河水灾的受害者,也是维系黄河大堤以及大堤之外居民安危的贡献者。滩区的自然环境造就了滩区居民特有的心理特征.该心理特征势必影响滩区社会经济的发展乃至国家治理黄河诸多举措的实施。研究滩区居民心理状况.既是建设滩区社会主义新农村的需要,也是营造人与自然和谐相处局面以及维持黄河健康生命的需要。 相似文献