发电机推力轴承抗重螺栓托盘裂纹的处理

1概述 龙门滩水库地处福建省德化县境内，是库容为5048万m^3的不完全年调节水库，集雨面积360km^2。龙门滩一级电站是一座跨流域引水式电站，兼有发电和引水功能，1989年9月建成投产，装有2台9000kW水轮发电机组，经1999年技术改造扩窑为2台装机容量10000kW的机组。龙门滩电站的发电机型式为悬吊式机组，推力轴承型式为钢性支柱式。     

微机监控系统在朱庄水电站的应用

邢台市朱庄水库水电站为坝后引水式水电站,一期工程装机1×3200kW＋2×500kW3台水轮发电机组,1982年投产发电,电站员工25人。2003年为配合新增城市工业取水工程,增装1台630kW水轮发电机组（称2号机组,水轮机：HLW276-WJ-50型,最大水头51．7m;发电机：SFWJ630-6／990型,功率630kW,电压400V）,新装机组采用微机综合自动化系统对水轮发电机组、主变压器和35kV送电线路进行监控和保护;     

北岙水电站

正1电站概况北岙水库位于灵江流域仙居县北岙坑中游,水库集雨面积157.1km~2,正常库容413万m~3,是一座以发电为主,兼顾防洪、县城供水和下游灌溉的小(1)型水库,大坝为砌石混凝土重力坝。北岙电站为引水式,电站设计水头89m,设计流量18.04m~3/s,装机2×6300kW,多年平均发电量2260万kW·h,是仙居县骨干调峰电站。北岙电站于1993年5月8日投入试运行。     

宁波市周公宅水库管理局水库电站

<正>1工程概况周公宅水库电站属引水式,采用1洞2机布置形式。电站厂房距大坝约1.85km,厂房内安装2台6300kW立式水轮发电机组。2创建特色(1)周公宅水库管理局机构设置完善、管理规范、制度健全,执行工作目标考核,落实奖惩机制。(2)管理局联合开发水库综合管理信息平台并于2013年开始试点应用,以标准化、信息化促进水库、电     

富阳市岩石岭水库一级水电站水轮发电机组增效扩容设计

岩石岭水库一级水电站始建于1979年,2010年电站增效扩容将原电站2台500 kW立轴轴流定桨式水轮发电机组及1台580 kW立轴轴流定桨式水轮发电机组,改造为3台630 kW立轴轴流定桨式水轮发电机组。介绍在不改变主要水工建筑物的前提下,针对原机组存在的主要问题,通过水轮机机型的选择设计,成功进行增效扩容改造。     

新型双击式水轮机在东风电站的应用

1工程概况浙江省嵊州市东风电站是1座建于20世纪70年代的农村小水电站,装机容量2×40 kW,其主机为立式同轴安装的斜击式水轮发电机组,系省内某农机厂的老产品。近年来,设备故障增多,效率低下,机组出力逐年下降,至2011年报废重建拆除前,全站最大出力仅有2×30kW;     

奉节小寨电站同期及同期电压引入方式的考虑

奉节县小寨电站目前是万县地区一座最大的水电站,装机容量为3×6300kW,电压等级为110kV。电站电气主接线方案如图1所示。一台6300kW的发电机与一台10000kVA的变压器(考虑了今后发展)组成发变组单元接线,两台6300kW的发电机与一台16000kVA的变压器组成扩大单元接线。110kV侧为单母线分段接线,共四回出线。电站以带非同期闭锁的手动准同期为正常的同期并列方式,以自动自同期方式为事故情况下备用并列方式。电站的周期点及周期方式见图1。     

清水河水电站水轮发电机的增容改造

1概述 清水河水电站位于广西来宾市迁江镇,总装机容量为2×2 000 kW和4×1 600 kW,水轮发电机型号分别为SF2000-28/2600和SF1600-24/2600,机组额定电压6300V.电站机组于2010年发电运行,其中4台额定电压6300 V的SF1600-24/2600发电机是由4台额定电压3500V的旧SF1250-24/2600发电机增容改造而成.     

电站励磁变压器的事故分析

罗村水库一级电站为坝后式电站,装机2×630kW,1992年12月21日并网发电。1995年7月16日15时20分,1号水轮发电机组差动保护动作,发电机主开关跳闸,机组飞车被迫退出运行,经检查发现为励磁变压器内部故障。     

四川都江堰市白果岗电站建成发电

四川省重点旅游城市──都江堰市采用多种融资形式，投资1亿多元人民币，兴建白果岗一、二级水电站，两级电站是该市目前唯一具有日调节性能的水电站．主要担负都江堰市电网的调峰任务，以缓解枯水期电力供求矛盾，确保企业在冬季能正常运行生产，对该市电气化建设和经济发展起重要作用．白果岗一、二级电站位于都江堰市境内，两级电站同步开发，系跨流域引水式电站，一级电站由首部枢纽、引水系统和厂房三部分组成；二级电站通过引水渠接一级电站尾水至厂房发电两级电站均属单一发电工程，共装机4台，总装机容量1.58万kw（2×6300kW＋2×1…     

Operation and Maintenance Performance and Conflicts in Flood-control Projects in Bangladesh

Many embankments failed in severe floods in Bangladesh in 1987 and 1988, and concern grew over ways to improve flood-control projects. Maintenance was poor due to reliance on periodic rehabilitation, but few failures were due to poor construction or maintenance. Embankments mostly failed where they were eroded or were deliberately cut. They were cut by people living outside who believed they were made more flood-prone, and by people living inside because of internal drainage congestion. This reflected inadequate hydrological modelling, lack of consultation and failure to resolve conflicts between affected groups. Resources for maintenance are not generated locally and could be used more efficiently. Participatory planning could reduce conflicts, encourage a sense of project ownership and facilitate contributions to maintenance.     

南京市2016年暴雨洪水分析与思考

2016年汛期,南京市发生了建国以来的大洪水,降雨量和主要河湖水位均超历史.在对2016年暴雨、水情、洪水特点分析的基础上,提出加强南京市防洪工程体系的建议.     

雷州半岛地区2015年防旱抗旱工作对策与启示

2015年,广东省雷州半岛地区出现大范围干旱,该文总结了干旱特点,分析了干旱成因,采取了水资源统筹调配、引导调整种植结构及播种时机、人工增雨、筹措资金应急补助等抗旱措施,效果较好。此外,提出该地区今后打造"扩库硬渠上井群"升级版、推进农业结构调整、改善生态环境推动绿色发展的防旱工作对策。     

2003年兰考、东明洪水漫滩落淤情况调查

通过对2003年秋汛期间兰考北滩、东明南滩两处漫滩情况进行调查与分析，得出的结论为：滩区共滞蓄水量6亿～9亿m^3，漫滩落淤范围为7．5km^2，顺漫滩水流方向的落淤距离约3km。在这种水沙条件下，泥沙不能被输送至较远的堤河。经分析计算，本次泥沙落淤量为900万～1350万t，且距口门1．0km范围内落淤泥沙中的82％为粒径大于0．05mm的粗沙。由此得到的主要认识有：①靠自然落淤解决“二级悬河”问题非常困难，甚至会增大“二级悬河”程度；②给漫滩水预留出路是降低淹没损失的关键；③落淤的粗沙使土地产生了十分严重的沙化现象，并且使当地环境趋于恶化。     

山西省地下水资源开发利用中存在的问题及对策

山西省水资源严重短缺 ,地下水超采严重。分析了地下水资源量及可开采量、地下水开发利用历史和现状 ,以及超采产生的环境地质问题。在此基础上 ,提出了缓解地下水超采、有效合理开发利用地下水的一些措施意见 ,为加强地下水保护和管理提供了科学依据。     

Domestic Water and Sanitation in Cyclones and Floods in Bangladesh and a Proposed Research Agenda

ABSTRACT

Water is one of the top priority item s i relief activities but the appropriateness and effectiveness of this activity may be questioned. Water and sanitation (WS) are inseparable and together they play major roles in the transmission of the pathogen of diarrhoeal disease. Thousands of people die or suffer from WS-related diseases during postdisaster periods. Here we present WS-related experiences gained after Bangladesh's 1991 cyclone and the views of participants in a regional and a national (local) workshop on this matter held in Bangladesh. About 63 per cent of the water purifying tablets (WPTs) distributed after the 1991 cyclone were found to have lost potency Relief personnel lack basic knowledge about WS practices and the management of WS provision. Participants in the two workshops documented serious problems i this field at both regional and national levels. Major issues for research may include: an appropriate environmental preparedness plan; appropriate waste disposal technologies; appropriate water treatment methods; self- help activities during vulnerable periods; and health education related to WS in disaster situations.     

Progress in ecological and environmental water requirements research and applications in China

Abstract:

With economic development, as well as population growth, the conflict between water supply and demand has become more and more acute in China, and it has been aggravated further by the irrational utilization of water resources. As a result, the deterioration and destruction of the eco‐environment have become increasingly serious. In order to effectively protect ecosystems and improve their ecological conditions, many studies on ecological and environmental water requirements (EEWR) have been carried out in China. In this paper, the concept and characteristics of EEWR are addressed, and the main advances of EEWR research and applications in China are summarized in four types of systems including studies on rivers, vegetation, lakes and wetlands, and groundwater. In conclusion, issues necessary to be studied further in the future are put forward.     

衡水市地下水开发利用存在的问题及对策

通过对衡水市地下水开发中存在问题的客观分析,提出了今后开发、利用和保护地下水的措施.     

Distribution and removal of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in water supplies in Germany

This study has been conducted, to estimate the distribution of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in German water supplies and the removal efficiency of surface water treatment plants for Giardia and Cryptosporidium by conventional treatment. Water samples from six surface water treatment plants in different parts of Germany were simoultaneously examined for Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Investigations for both parasites were carried out in the period from July 1993 until December 1995. The results confirmed the occurrence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in surface and raw water, to intermediate steps after treatment, in back wash water, in the first filtrate and in final water. Giardia or Cryptosporidium or both have been found in 76.2% of the investigated raw water sources. The average number of the detected Giardia cysts was 88.2/100 1 (max.1314/100 I), and the average number of Cryptosporidium oocysts was 116/100 I (max. 1081/1001). In the intermediate steps (including flocculation and several steps of filtration), Giardia or Cryptosporidium or both have been found in 33.3% (50/150) of the samples. 14.9% of drinking water samples (7/47) were positive for Giardia (max. 16.8 /1001) and 29.8% (14/47) were positive for Cryptosporidium (max. 20.8/100 I). Overall, Giardia and Cryptosporidium, or both were detected in 38.3% of the drinking water samples. The parasites have been found in nearly all of the investigated backwash water samples. The filtrate of a rapid sand filter was analysed immediately after filter backwashing during the ripening period of the filter. Good elimination results were obtained by optimizing relevant water treatment process, but a low flocculant dose following sudden variation in the raw water quality, causes a breakthrough of Cryptosporidium into the treated water. Although water treatment technologies are effective to remove Giardia and Cryptosporidium, the results clearly show that Giardia and Cryptosporidium evade the filter harries m the absence of visible treatment deficiencies and low turbitidy level, and contaminate final water.