精轧温度对含铌、硼Cr17薄板成形性及表面皱折的影响

通过光学显微镜、X射线衍射及背散射电子衍射技术,研究了精轧温度,即高温精轧和低温精轧,对含Nb、B的超纯Cr17铁素体不锈钢薄板成形性及表面皱折的影响。结果表明：低温精轧有利于得到细小及均匀的冷轧退火组织。低温精轧有利于改善冷轧退火板织构的均匀性,促使冷轧退火板得到均匀、规则的γ纤维再结晶织构并形成更少的取向晶粒簇。因此,低温精轧是显著改善冷轧退火板成形性能及抗皱折性的有效工艺。     

Evolution of through-thickness texture gradients in various steel sheets

In order to investigate the evolution of through-thickness texture gradients in various ferritic steel sheets, samples of a deep drawing steel, a ferritic stainless steel and a low carbon steel were deformed by cold rolling with and without application of a lubricant during the deformation process. The hot band texture of all samples examined showed notable through-thickness texture gradients. The evolution of the cold rolling texture in the ferritic stainless steel and the low carbon steel in a solution-treated state was nearly independent of the lubrication during rolling. However, in the deep drawing steel and the as-received low carbon steel, the lubrication played an important role in the formation of the through-thickness texture gradients. Whereas the samples rolled with lubrication showed uniform textures throughout the sheet thickness, in the samples rolled without lubrication pronounced shear textures were observed on the sheet surface. The evolution of these through-thickness texture gradients is discussed in terms of inhomogeneous strain states computed by an FEM model. This article is based on a presentation made in the symposium “ ’99 International Symposium on Textures of Materials”, held at Sunchun National University, Sunchun, April 21–22, 1999 under the auspices of The Korean Institute of Metals and Materials and The Research and Development Center for Automobile’s Parts and Materials.     

铁素体区轧制工艺应用现状及发展策略分析

与传统轧制工艺相比，铁素体区轧制工艺具有提高钢的深冲性能、节约能源、降低生产成本、提高表面质量等优点。该项技术在国外应用较为成熟，但在我国除宝钢外，大部分企业仍处于试验摸索阶段，鉴于此，本文对铁素体区轧制工艺的工业应用现状、难点以及发展策略进行了总结分析，旨在为我国推行铁素体区轧制技术提供借鉴。     

Influence of the finish rolling temperatures on the microstructure and texture evolution in the ferritic stainless steels

The influence of the finish rolling temperature on the microstructure and texture evolution of Nb and B micro-alloyed ultra purified Cr17 ferritic stainless steels was investigated. The hot rolled bands were produced by conventional rolling process and the finish rolling at relatively low temperatures or "warm rolling". The microstructure was observed by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray diffraction was used to characterize the texture evolution processes. The results showed that as compared to conventional hot rolling process,the warm rolling has led to the refined and homogeneous microstructure and uniform recrystallization texture along γ-fiber in final sheets,indicating that the finish rolling at relatively low temperatures can be the effective way to improve significantly the formability of final sheets.     

EF08高合金钢热轧工艺研究

通过相图、轧制理论以及对热轧带钢金相组织的观察,对比分析了EF08钢、410S铁素体不锈钢和304奥氏体不锈钢热轧过程中的变形抗力和动态回复再结晶能力。结果表明：EF08钢奥氏体区在900~1 200 ℃,热轧过程处于奥氏体相区,其动态回复再结晶能力较410S铁素体不锈钢和304奥氏体不锈钢强;EF08钢的粗轧过程轧制特性与304奥氏体不锈钢相近,精轧后几道次与410S铁素体不锈钢类似。     

具有良好抗皱性能的SUS430型铁素体不锈钢冷板生产工艺技术的开发

着重于化学成分、连铸电磁搅拌、热轧、冷轧及退火工艺对SUS430型铁素体不锈钢抗皱性的影响规律进行了深入研究,在此基础上提出了获得良好抗皱性的工艺控制方法,使太钢大生产的SUS430型铁素体不锈钢冷板的抗皱性能达到B级以上,且γ值大于1.1。这些工艺控制方法以试验结果为依据,经生产实践证明是有效的。     

铁素体区轧制对超低碳钢和无间隙原子钢组织和力学性能的影响

本文研究了铁素体区轧制工艺条件对超低碳(ULC)钢和钛处理的无间隙原子(Ti-IF)钢组织和性能,特别是对深冲性能的影响,并分析了Ti-IF钢中的析出物.结果表明,润滑条件对Ti-IF钢的塑性应变比(r)值和深冲性能影响显著,但对ULC钢的r值影响很小.随铁素体区轧制温度的降低,Ti-IF钢的深冲性能得到提高,但ULC钢即使在铁素体区低温轧制其r值仍小于1,深冲性能较差.     

Influence of Finish Rolling Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a 19Cr1.5Mo0.5W Ferritic Stainless Steel

A 444-type heat-resistant ferritic stainless steel containing 0.05 wt% Ce(rare earth element) and 2 wt%(Mo+W) was adopted as an experimental material to study the effect of finish rolling temperature on microstructure and texture evolution as well as on mechanical properties and formability.The rolling processes contain hot rolling at two different finish rolling temperatures(860℃ and 770℃) and annealing,cold rolling and subsequent annealing.It was found that the microstructures after hot rolling and annealing could be refined by lowering finish rolling temperature.The resultant microstructures after cold rolling and annealing were hereditarily refined.Lowering finish rolling temperature can weaken α-fiber texture in hotrolled or cold-rolled ferritic stainless steel strip,while γ-fiber texture in the final product was homogeneously strengthened.Additionally,enhanced mechanical property and formability in terms of strength and average plastic strain ratio could be obtained via decreasing finish rolling temperature.     

立辊润滑工艺对铁素体区轧制Ti-IF钢组织性能及边部质量的影响

针对某热轧厂铁素体区轧制Ti-IF钢带钢边裂缺陷的问题,提出了采用立辊润滑的方法予以改善。分析认为,采用立辊润滑轧制工艺可减小立辊减宽过程中的摩擦力,减少低温下带钢边部表面的剪切力;同时,有利于立辊表面质量的改善,从而改善带钢边部质量。为此,研究了立辊润滑工艺对铁素体区轧制Ti-IF钢带钢微观组织、力学性能、析出物以及边部质量的影响。结果表明,采用立辊润滑轧制工艺,Ti-IF钢带钢的组织和析出物没有明显差异,但塑性显著提高;带钢边部表面的最大裂纹深度由361 μm减小到128 μm,边部缺陷数量明显减少;带钢截面形貌较为光滑,没有发现明显裂纹,边部质量得到明显改善。     

热轧工艺对高铝铁素体耐热不锈钢组织性能的影响

电站锅炉的连接件需具有优良的抗高温氧化性、冲击韧性和塑性，主要采用铁素体耐热不锈钢0.1C-18Cr-1Al-1Si制造，热轧工艺对其塑韧性能有至关重要的影响。采用热轧试验，研究了不同热轧工艺对铁素体耐热不锈钢0.1C-18Cr-1Al-1Si组织性能的影响规律。结果表明，热轧温度为700 ℃时，0.1C-18Cr-1Al-1Si热轧板的再结晶最充分；横纵轧和纵轧不同轧制方式下0.1C-18Cr-1Al-1Si板材小角度晶界比例均较高，边部小角度晶界出现频率更高；采用横纵轧工艺可以明显减轻0.1C-18Cr-1Al-1Si板材力学性能的各向异性。     

Effect of controlled rolling and cooling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 60Si2MnA spring steel rod

The effect of controlled rolling and cooling process parameters, such as finish rolling temperature, loop-laying temperature and the cooling rate in the process from the loop layer to the coil station, on the microstructures and mechanical properties of 60Si2MnA spring steel rod were carefully investigated by thermal simulation, tensile tests and quantitative metallography. Experimental results indicate that the microstructure is mainly determined by finish rolling temperature, especially the cooling rate in the process from the loop layer to the coil station. In a given range, the more rapid the cooling rate, the thinner the interlamellar pearlite spacing, the less the proeutectoid ferrite bulk volume and the smaller the average ferritic grain size. Low finish rolling temperature is in favor of decreasing pearlite colony size. Therefore, low finish rolling temperature followed by properly accelerated cooling is suggested so as to improve its cold workability.     

热轧工艺对高铝铁素体耐热不锈钢组织性能的影响

电站锅炉的连接件需具有优良的抗高温氧化性、冲击韧性和塑性,主要采用铁素体耐热不锈钢0.1C-18Cr-1Al-1Si制造,热轧工艺对其塑韧性能有至关重要的影响。采用热轧试验,研究了不同热轧工艺对铁素体耐热不锈钢0.1C-18Cr-1Al-1Si组织性能的影响规律。结果表明,热轧温度为700 ℃时,0.1C-18Cr-1Al-1Si热轧板的再结晶最充分;横纵轧和纵轧不同轧制方式下0.1C-18Cr-1Al-1Si板材小角度晶界比例均较高,边部小角度晶界出现频率更高;采用横纵轧工艺可以明显减轻0.1C-18Cr-1Al-1Si板材力学性能的各向异性。     

终轧温度对含钛铌超低碳铁素体不锈钢显微组织、织构和力学性能的影响

实验室研究了终轧温度对钛、铌复合添加的16%Cr超低碳氮铁素体不锈钢的显微组织、织构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,当终轧温度从940℃降低到800℃时,热轧退火钢板和冷轧退火钢板的铁素体晶粒尺寸均减小,因此采用低温终轧有利于细化铁素体晶粒。降低终轧温度,热轧退火后钢板中形成的γ纤维明显增强且比较均匀。由于织构具有遗传性,在冷轧退火钢板中也形成了均匀的γ再结晶织构。采用较低的终轧温度既有利于提高成型性又有利于改善材料的各向异性。     

热轧工艺对超纯Cr17铁素体不锈钢成形性能的影响

对一种铌、钛双稳定化的超纯Cr17铁素体不锈钢分别进行常规热轧和低温热轧,再依次进行相同的退火、冷轧及最终再结晶退火处理。对比研究两种热轧工艺对组织、织构演变及成形性能的影响规律。结果表明,与常规热轧相比,低温热轧能显著细化热轧组织、弱化α纤维织构并强化γ纤维织构,最终使冷轧退火板的γ纤维再结晶织构明显增强、偏离{111}<121>组分的程度显著降低,使珋r值增大、△r值减小。低温热轧是改善超纯Cr17铁素体不锈钢成形性能的有效途径。     

超纯铁素体不锈钢织构演变与成形性能的研究

系统研究了超纯铁素体不锈钢(w(Cr)=17%)沿钢板厚度方向各层织构的演变规律和不同精轧温度对织构演变及成形性能的影响规律。采用X射线衍射仪分析了宏观织构演变。研究表明: 热轧及退火后, 钢板表层以剪切织构为主, 中心层由?和?纤维织构组成; 冷轧后, 各层均由较强的?纤维织构和较弱的?纤维织构组成; 冷轧退火后各层均形成?纤维再结晶织构。与高温精轧相比, 低温精轧有利于冷轧退火板?纤维再结晶织构的强化、偏离{111}<112>组分的程度降低, 从而显著改善冷轧退火板的成形性能。     

Laws of Structure Formation in Sheet Stainless Steels of Ferritic Class

The effect of the process stage on the structure of ferritic stainless steels is considered. The laws of variation of the state of the solid solution are determined as a function of the temperature and strain conditions of rolling of the sheet. It is recommended to subject the structure of the hot-rolled steel to additional heating before cold rolling.     

B436L铁素体不锈钢热轧带钢辊迹缺陷改善

针对B436L铁素体不锈钢带钢表面易产生辊迹缺陷问题,分析了B436L带钢生产工艺,得出带钢表面辊迹缺陷是热轧过程中带钢与轧辊发生粘结而产生的。为此,对轧辊材质、板坯加热温度、轧制规程、轧制计划等进行了优化,使因粘结导致的辊迹缺陷的发生率由38.4%降低到1.0%以内。     

Effect of hot and cold deformation on the P {0 1 1}4 5 5 recrystallization texture in a continuous cast Al–Mn–Mg aluminum alloy

The effect of different relative amounts of hot and cold deformation on the P {0 1 1}4 5 5 recrystallization texture in a continuous cast Al–Mn–Mg aluminum alloy was investigated by X-ray diffraction. The results show that at a given total rolling strain the sheet with a high hot rolling strain exhibits a significantly stronger P texture than the sheet with a low hot rolling strain. Hot deformation strongly promotes the formation of the P texture during recrystallization annealing.     

核反应堆用FeCrAl合金板材的试制及其组织性能研究

在对Fe13Cr5AlxNb合金熔炼、锻造、轧制等制备工艺研究的基础上，利用光学显微镜、透射电镜、扫描电镜以及电子背散射衍射研究了合金板材的微观组织演化特征。研究了不同热处理温度（800、850、900、1 000 ℃）下合金板材中第二相的析出特点及对其力学性能的影响规律。结果表明，合金板材在800 ℃保温5~25 h后，其室温力学性能稳定；合金板材在800~1 000 ℃、20 h高温时效后，在800~850 ℃时，其强度稍有降低，而在900~1 000 ℃时，其强度随温度的升高而提升。同时，对不同Nb含量的合金板材常温和高温力学性能进行了测试，Nb质量分数为1.0%~1.5%时，合金板材具有良好的力学性能。     

铁素体区热轧的研究与应用

简要回顾了铁素体区热轧研究与应用的历史 ,指出采用铁素体区控制轧制技术生产超低碳钢超薄规格钢板 (<1 2mm)可以在保证产品质量的同时 ,大大地节约能源 ,降低生产成本。