Design and evaluation of a high-precision, fully tunable OTA-Cbandpass filter implemented in GaAs MESFET technology

A second-order bandpass filter employing the operational transconductance amplifier-capacitor (OTA-C) method and featuring independent tuning of center frequency and Q is described. The filter, which is realized in 0.5-μm GaAs MESFET technology, is intended for use in high-precision, continuous-time (CT) IF bandpass filtering applications requiring both accurate amplitude and group delay responses. The filter center frequency is tunable in the range 12-50 MHz, Q is tunable in the range 4-60, and a transfer function accuracy of the order of 1% is achieved throughout the tuning range. Active area is 1 mm² and static power consumption is 230 mW     

可切换带宽的可调频率带通滤波器设计

提出了一种可切换固定带宽的可调频率带通滤波器新结构,且实现了在带宽切换前后都能保持固定带宽的特性。基于谐振线间的耦合系数提取算法,参考滤波器综合理论,设计并加工了工作频段为1.3～1.45 GHz的开环微带谐振可切换带宽的可调频率带通滤波器。测试结果表明,在整个工作频段内,3 dB 带宽在切换前后分别为120 MHz、100 MHz 和80 MHz,对应的插入损耗各是-2.9 dB、-2.4 dB、-2.6 dB,测试结果与仿真结果吻合良好。该滤波器具有结构简单、加工难度低、体积小、馈电控制简单等优点。     

Design techniques for tunable transresistance-C VHF bandpassfilters

In this paper, a tunable wideband linear transresistance (R_m ) amplifier is proposed and analyzed. Using the tunable R_m amplifier, a new transresistance-capacitor (R_m-C) differentiator is designed. Considering the intrinsic capacitances of the MOS transistors as filter elements, this R_m-C configuration can he regarded as a very high frequency (VHF) bandpass biquadratic filter. The proposed biquad has a simple structure and thus occupies a small chip area and consumes little power. Moreover, higher-order VHF bandpass filters can be realized by directly cascading the biquads. Experimental results have successfully proven the capability of the proposed new filter implementation method in realizing VHF bandpass filters with the center frequency higher than 100 MHz when C_d=1 pF. The deviations of the measured center frequency f _o and quality factor Q of the fabricated bandpass filter from the simulated results are less than 8%. The deviation of the center frequency can be post-tuned by adjusting the control voltages V_CN and V_CP of the tunable R_m amplifier. With 1 pF differentiating capacitor, the center frequency of the fabricated VHF R_m-C bandpass filters can be tuned in a wide range larger than 30 MHz. The measured maximum signal level is 25 mV_rms and the dynamic range is 47 dB. The chip area is 0.05 mm² and power consumption is 5.05 mW with ±2.5 V power supply     

A Low Loss X-Band Quasi-Elliptic Ferroelectric Tunable Filter

A compact high quality factor four-pole X-band tunable quasi-elliptic bandpass filter is presented in this letter. The filter is enabled by high-Q ferroelectric barium strontium titanate capacitors and open-loop resonators. The central frequency of 8.35 GHz and the frequency tuning range of 500 MHz (6%) are achieved with a dc bias voltage of 30 V. The selective filter has a fractional 1 dB bandwidth ranging from 5.5% up to 7.3%. The measured insertion loss and return loss are 5.7-3.5 dB and 10.2-7.9 dB, respectively, with a dc bias range of 0 to 30 V. To the best of our knowledge, this is the best analog tunable performance and selectivity in X-band.     

LC电调带通滤波器的设计

本文采用桥接网络法设计了一个LC电调带通滤波器,1dB通带连续可调范围为：110～125MHz至110～155MHz、体积为25mm×13mm×7mm。对桥接网络法的椭圆类型滤波器做了深一层研究,找到了提高其矩形系数及带外抑制的改进方法。     

CMOS RF switched capacitor bandpass filter tuned by ring VCO

A new RF switched capacitor bandpass filter and its command circuit made up of a ring voltage controlled oscillator with ‘XOR’ gates are proposed. Implemented in a standard CMOS technology, this circuit is intended to be used in a subset of professional mobile phone applications [380–520 MHz]. Experiments carried out on a prototype show a tunable center frequency range of 260 MHz [240–500 MHz], with a quality factor that can be as high as 300.     

An electronically tunable microstrip bandpass filter using thin-film Barium-Strontium-Titanate (BST) varactors

A tunable third-order combline bandpass filter using thin-film barium-strontium-titanate varactors and fabricated on a sapphire substrate is reported. Application of 0-200-V bias varied the center frequency of the filter from 2.44 to 2.88 GHz (16% tuning) while achieving a 1-dB bandwidth of 400 MHz. The insertion loss varied from 5.1 dB at zero bias to 3.3 dB at full bias, while the return loss exceeded 13 dB over the range. The third-order intercept of the filter was found to be 41 dBm.     

全新布里渊散射可切换微波光子滤波器

提出了一个新的基于布里渊散射效应的微波光子滤波器。该滤波器可通过调谐系统中光滤波器的中心波长,实现高解析度带通滤波器与陷波滤波器之间的灵活切换,并且通过调谐产生受激布里渊散射的泵浦光的波长可实现滤波器通带或阻带的中心频率在很大频率范围内连续调谐。该滤波器为全光结构,因此具有非常大的调谐范围（调谐上限仅受限于试验中使用的矢量网络分析仪的显示频率上限）。系统中采用相位调制器,因此没有偏置电压漂移问题。实验结果展示了一个带通与陷波滤可灵活切换的高解析度微波光子滤波器,并且通带和阻带的中心频率在9～26.5 GHz范围内连续可调谐,其中带通滤波器的通带具有极窄3 dB带宽,约28 MHz（由光纤本身布里渊增益区线宽所决定）。     

Tunable Dielectric Resonator Bandpass Filter With Embedded MEMS Tuning Elements

This paper presents a novel approach for constructing a tunable dielectric resonator bandpass filter by using the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology. The tunability is achieved by unique MEMS tuning elements to perturb the electrical and magnetic fields surrounding the dielectric resonators. The use of such elements as a tuning mechanism results in a wide tuning range at a relatively low tuning voltage and fast tuning speed. A three-pole tunable dielectric resonator bandpass filter is designed, fabricated, and tested. The experimental filter has a center frequency of 15.6 GHz, a 1% relative bandwidth, and an unloaded Q of 1300. A tuning range of 400 MHz is obtained by using MEMS tuning elements with 2 mmtimes2 mm tuning disks. The measured results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed concept     

A reconfigurable OTA-C baseband filter with wide digital tuning for GNSS receivers

The design of a digitally-tunable sixth-order reconfigurable OTA-C filter in a 0.18-μm RFCMOS process is proposed.The filter can be configured as a complex band pass filter or two real low pass filters.An improved digital automatic frequency tuning scheme based on the voltage controlled oscillator technique is adopted to compensate for process variations.An extended tuning range(above 8:1) is obtained by using widely continuously tunable transconductors based on digital techniques.In the complex band pas...     

374~747 MHz数字可调谐微带滤波器

通过在微带开口谐振环加载数字可调电容,设计了一种新颖数字微带可调滤波器,同时提出了新型的非均匀开口谐振环混合耦合结构,使谐振器间耦合系数随谐振频率的降低而增大,实现恒定绝对带宽可调滤波器。接着对所提出的基于5 bit数字可调电容的数字可调微带滤波器进行了仿真和制作,测试表明,其通带中心频率可实现374~747 MHz可调,?3 dB绝对带宽在44~67 MHz之间变化,OIP3大于50 dBm。     

数控电调带通滤波器的设计与制作

设计了一种新型电调谐带通滤波器,研究了数字信号控制滤波器电调谐的技术。采用数模转换器和高压运放实现数字信号与直流电压的转换;以变容二极管作为调谐元件;带通滤波器采用梳状微带线结构,并给出了结构参数。最后制作了一个由8位二进制编码控制的电调谐带通滤波器,其中心频率在300～1200MHz可调。测试结果与理论设计基本吻合。     

一种X波段梳状线可调带通滤波器

设计了一款X波段压控可调梳状线带通滤波器,通过调整加载变容二极管的偏置电压改变电容值大小,从而达到调整滤波器中心频率的目的。根据恒定带宽条件对滤波器耦合系数以及外部Q值的要求,确定梳状线滤波器的尺寸参数,并对其进行电磁仿真优化,最终制作的X波段可调滤波器尺寸为16 mm?20 mm?21 mm,控制电压7.6~15.4 V,实现滤波器中心频率8~10 GHz连续可调。在调谐频率范围内,滤波器通带宽度15%,回波损耗小于–10 dB,矩形系数小于2.8。     

Widely tunable single-frequency erbium-doped fiber lasers

In this letter, we report on experimental results on a 70-nm-wide quasi-continuously tunable single-frequency erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser, in which the laser produced a single-longitudinal mode oscillation between 1510-1580 nm, an output power of 0.5 mW, and a tuning step of about 25 MHz. The cavity incorporates three tunable bandpass filters (TBFs): a bulk-grating-based TBF, a fiber-ring-cavity filter, and an autotracking saturable absorption-induced grating filter generated by an unpumped EDF. This laser had a frequency drift of 100 MHz and a signal-to-source spontaneous emission ratio higher than 60 dB.     

The design of a 3-V 900-MHz CMOS bandpass amplifier

A new bandpass amplifier which performs both functions of low-noise amplifier (LNA) and bandpass filter (BPF) is proposed for the application of 900-MHz RF front-end in wireless receivers. In the proposed amplifier, the positive-feedback Q-enhancement technique is used to overcome the low-gain low-Q characteristics of the CMOS tuned amplifier. The Miller-capacitance tuning scheme is used to compensate for the process variations of center frequency. Using the high-Q bandpass amplifier in the receivers, the conventional bulky off-chip filter is not required. An experimental chip fabricated by 0.8-μm N-well double-poly-double-metal CMOS technology occupies 2.6×2.0 mm² chip area. Under a 3 V supply voltage, the measured quality factor is tunable between 2.2 and 44. When the quality factor is tuned at Q=30, the measured center frequency of the amplifier is tunable between 869-893 MHz with power gain 17 dB, noise figure 6.0 dB, output 1 dB compression point at -30 dBm, third-order input intercept point at -14 dBm, and power dissipation 78 mW     

Microwave photonic bandpass filter based on spectrumslicing and phase modulator

A tunable microwave photonic bandpass filter with high mainlobe-to-sidelobe ratio (MSR) based on a phase modulator and a dispersive device is proposed. The multi-tap characteristics of the filter are realized by slicing a broadband source using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) which results in a high MSR of 25 dB. The tunability of the filter is realized by an optical variable delay line (OVDL) in one arm of the MZI, which changes the wavelength spacing of the sliced broadband source and results in a tunable free spectrum range (FSR) of the filter. The central frequency of the bandpass filter is tunable from 10.7 GHz to 27 GHz by changing the wavelength spacing from 0.145 nm to 0.054 nm.     

一种适用于多波段无线通信的品质因数增强型的CMOS射频滤波器

提出了一种使用品质因数增强型的有源电感的射频带通滤波器,描述了在宽射频频段上可调谐的品质因数增强型的有源电感设计技术,而且解释了与有源电感噪声和稳定性相关的问题.该滤波器采用0.18μm CMOS工艺制造,它所占用芯片的有效面积仅为150μm×200μm.测试结果表明:该射频滤波器中心频率为2.44GHz时,3dB带宽为60MHz,中心频率可在2.07～2.44GHz范围内调谐,1dB压缩点为-15dBm,而静态功耗为10.8mW;在中心频率为2.07GHz时,滤波器的品质因数可达到103.     

A novel microstrip square-loop dual-mode bandpass filter with simultaneous size reduction and spurious response suppression

In this paper, a new capacitively stepped-impedance resonator(CSIR) is proposed to develop the microstrip square-loop dual-mode bandpass filter. Using this new design, simultaneous size reduction and spurious response suppression for the dual-mode bandpass filter can be achieved. An analytical formulation of this novel resonator is given in order to elucidate the spurious frequencies relocation design. Together with this formulation, a generalized dual-mode bandpass filter model is developed so as to ease the analysis of transmission zero and insertion loss. A prototype filter is designed at 900MHz with 1.5% fractional bandwidth. Significant spurious suppressions up to 33 and 35 dB are measured at 1.8 and at 2.7 GHz, respectively. A circuitry size reduction of 54% is achieved when compared with that of the conventional structure. Moreover, the CSIR allows frequency tuning and, thus, a varactor-tuned filter is designed and a measured tunable center frequency between 1.5-1.62GHz is demonstrated. Utilizing the proposed structure, not only size reduction,as well as spurious response suppression, but also center frequency tuning can be achieved.     

Frequency-Agile Dual-Band Direct Conversion Receiver for Cognitive Radio Systems

A frequency-agile dual-band direct conversion receiver is proposed and experimentally validated for cognitive radio system applications. Two types of tunable receiver architectures are presented and analyzed in this work; one structure relying on a tunable bandpass filter, and a second system based on a varactor—based tunable six-port demodulator, with the latter showing better sensitivity and dynamic range. In order to demodulate phase-shift-keying modulated signals at multiple operating frequencies at a high bit rate of 40 Mb/s, the receiver is designed using a wideband power detector in connection with a high-speed quad comparator. An experimental prototype and a complete measurement test bench have been realized in order to obtain the bit error rate performance of the receiver in a more realistic application environment. In summary, the proposed electronically tunable system allows for an operation in multiband frequency ranges including global system for mobile communications cellular networks (1900 MHz) and IEEE802.11 a/b/g applications (2.4 and 5.8 GHz).      

Wavelength division multiplexing all-fiber hybrid devices based onFabry-Perot's and gratings

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a series of new all-fiber, tunable, and highly selective filters based on fiber gratings and Fabry-Perot's. The structures combine high fiber Fabry-Perot (FFP) selectivity and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) bandpass nature and presents high flexibility in the response by using nonuniform gratings. An ultraselective filter (a few MHz in range) is also addressed by cascading two FFP