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媒体访问控制(MAC)协议是保证无线传感器网络(WSNs)高效通信的关键网络协议之一。MAC层协议设计的是否合理将严重影响网络的性能。介绍了现有MAC协议分类和主要MAC协议。分析了WSNs中典型的S-MAC协议,针对S-MAC协议在载波侦听时采用固定竞争窗口的弊端,提出了一种新型的能够根据流量变化对竞争窗口进行动态调整的新的MAC协议ASMAC,利用NS2对ASMAC进行了仿真,证明了新的ASMAC不仅能够显著地提高吞吐量,降低时延,还能有效提高能量效率,在提高网络性能的同时达到节能的目的。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于预约调度的用于无线传感器网络的MAC协议--SSMAC.该协议采用分布式竞争接入和预约调度发送,提供高能量效率的信道接入和支持QoS业务的传输,较好地解决了隐藏终端和暴露终端问题.仿真结果表明SSMAC协议在保持节能的同时,在降低媒体接入时延、提高报文投递成功率和提供QoS保障上较TRAMA协议性能有很大的提高. 相似文献
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在无线多媒体传感器网络路由协议中,多路径路由协议(MRP)有利于提高数据传输的可靠性和实现网络负载平衡,为多媒体数据流提供服务质量(QoS)保障。介绍了MRP的分类方法,并根据路由建立时机和数据传输技术,将其分为主动式、响应式和编码式三大类,对每一类涉及的MRP进行了详细的阐述和分析。最后归纳比较这些协议的特点,并指出MRP未来的研究重点。 相似文献
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We propose an adaptive and energy-efficient TDMA-based MAC protocol that significantly reduces energy consumption in the network, while efficiently handling network traffic load variations and optimizing channel utilization through a timeslot stealing mechanism and a timeslot reassignment procedure. We have analytically derived the average delay performance of our MAC protocol, with and without the timeslot stealing mechanism. Our delay model, validated via simulations, shows that the timeslot stealing mechanism can substantially improve the protocol throughput in scenarios with varying and asymmetric traffic patterns. Evaluation results show that the timeslot reassignment procedure is efficient in handling the longer timescale changes in the traffic load, while the timeslot stealing mechanism is better in handling the shorter timescale changes in the traffic patterns. 相似文献
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在大规模无线传感器网络中传输的监测数据具有较大的空间相关性,数据的传输存在一定冗余.如何有效的减少冗余数据的传输来改善网络性能成为一个重要的研究课题.本文以环状空间相关性模型为基础,从节点的筛选策略研究入手,提出一种能量高效的无线传感器网络MAC协议SEMAC.SEMAC协议采用信号强度优先的节点选择算法和冲突避免机制... 相似文献
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The MAC protocol for wireless sensor network plays a very important role in the control of energy consumption. It is a very important issue to effectively utilize power under the condition of limited energy. The most energy-wasting part of the MAC protocol for wireless sensor network is at the idling condition. Therefore it is crucial for power saving to be able to turn off the signal transducer of the wireless network when the equipment is idling. Pattern-MAC (PMAC) allows sensors that did not transfer for a long period of time to quickly enter a dormant state, so that the problem of sensor overhearing can be greatly improved, and the whole network structure can fully respond to the actual transfer rate without too much energy consumption, but this type of design requires precise time synchronization mechanism. Achieving time synchronization is a very energy consuming and very expensive mechanism in the sensor network structure, achieving the goal is coupled with excess energy consumption and reduction of the lifespan of the sensor. Additionally, the exchange action with the neighboring pattern after each cycle, not only generates additional energy consumption for data transfer, but is also accompanied by factors such as competition, collision and pattern exchange failure. We propose an asynchronous MAC protocol (AMAC) in this paper and expect to improve the problem of energy wasting and time synchronization due to sleeping schedule exchange under the PMAC basic protocol. 相似文献
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提出了一种能量有效的基于聚类的传感器网络路由协议—EEHCA(an Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for wireless sensor networks)。该协议通过最小化通信能量消耗并在所有节点之间实现能量消耗负载平衡的方式,达到了延长传感器网络生存时间的目的。协议提出了一种新颖的簇首确定机制,该机制可以避免感知区域内的节点进行频繁的簇首选举,从而节约了能量。为提高传感器网络的容错性能,引入了备用簇首的概念。在簇首与基站通信方面,采用多跳传输的方式进行,从而避免了距离基站较远的簇首进行长距离通信时所造成的能量过早耗尽的问题。仿真结果表明提出的协议拥有比LEACH和HEED协议更长的网络生存时间。 相似文献
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能量自适应的无线传感器网络分簇路由协议 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为有效解决无线传感器网络中的"热区"问题,提出了一种能量自适应的非均匀分簇路由协议.协议采取非均匀的分簇结构,使靠近基站的簇范围减小到合理的范围,即在靠近基站的区域内,每个簇由较少的无线传感器节点构成,这些节点的主要工作是负责转发其它簇的信息,从而有效减少其能量消耗速率.同时,协议在通信路由的过程中还综合考虑了簇头与中转节点的距离以及中转节点的能量消耗率.实验结果表明,该协议有效解决了"热区"问题,并且延长了无线传感器网络的生命周期. 相似文献
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E. Egea-López J. Vales-Alonso A. S. Martínez-Sala J. García-Haro P. Pavón-Mariño M. V. Bueno Delgado 《Personal and Ubiquitous Computing》2008,12(2):111-122
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are designed for data gathering and processing, with particular requirements: low hardware
complexity, low energy consumption, special traffic pattern support, scalability, and in some cases, real-time operation.
In this paper we present the virtual TDMA for sensors (VTS) MAC protocol, which intends to support the previous features,
focusing particularly on real-time operation. VTS adaptively creates a TDMA arrangement with a number of timeslots equal to
the actual number of nodes in range. Thus, VTS achieves an optimal throughput performance compared to TDMA protocols with
fixed size of frame. The frame is set up and maintained by a distributed procedure, which allows sensors to asynchronously
join and leave the frame. In addition, duty cycle is increased or decreased in order to keep latency constant below a given
deadline. Therefore, a major advantage of VTS is that it guarantees a bounded latency, which allows soft real-time applications.
相似文献
M. V. Bueno DelgadoEmail: |
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无线多媒体传感器网络QoS路由算法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
由于廉价的CMOS摄像头、麦克风的出现,以及对含有丰富信息的图像,视频和音频信息需求导致了无线多媒体传感器网络-(WMSN)的出现.WMSN具有资源有限、可变的信道容量、数据高度冗余等特点,使得WMSN的QoS路由具有极大的挑战性.提出了一种基于Mesh结构的WMSN,并在该结构体系下,提出了一种基于蚁群算法的QoS路由算法.实验研究表明,蚁群算法具有不依赖全局信息的优点,具有应用于WMSN的前景.实验同时表明,决定蚁群算法收敛速度以及会影响传感器网络性能的一些关键参数较难确定,需要进一步研究. 相似文献
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链路干扰是无线多媒体传感器网络实现大容量、实时、可靠传输的主要困难。为提高多跳传输模式下无线网络性能,基于MAC层的调度算法得到了广泛关注。调度算法为每条链路分配合理的传输时槽,降低了冲突和重传次数,能显著提高网络传输性能。但随着网络规模的增大,无论是集中式还是分布式调度算法,都存在调度开销增大和性能降低的问题。针对这一问题,根据节点分布密度和承载网络流量大小,将网络划分为密集区域和稀疏区域。稀疏区域的节点传输冲突较小,直接采用CSMA的协议。密集区域的节点传输冲突大,采用基于队列长度的分布式调度。分区调度能够有效降低网络规模扩大导致的调度算法复杂性增大的问题。仿真实验表明,分区调度算法无论是在队列长度,还是在延时性能上,较传统算法有明显改善。 相似文献