聚丙烯/碳酸钙复合材料改性研究

进行了碳酸钙对聚丙烯(PP)的填充改性研究,结果表明:随1%(质量分数)钛酸酯偶联剂表面处理的碳酸钙用量增加,PP/碳酸钙复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量等逐渐增加,碳酸钙质量分数为20%时,得到了综合性能较好的PP/碳酸钙复合材料;随聚烯烃弹性体(POE)用量增加,PP/碳酸钙/POE复合材料的冲击强度逐渐增加,而拉伸强度、弯曲模量均逐渐降低,5份POE使复合材料达到较好的刚性和韧性的平衡;1份表面光亮剂能使PP/碳酸钙复合材料达到较好的表面光亮度.     

PP/POE共混体系及PP/POE/Nano-CaCO_3复合体系力学性能的研究

应用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚丙烯(PP)/聚烯烃弹性体(POE)共混体系和PP/POE/纳米碳酸钙(nano-CaCO3)复合体系,研究了POE用量及nano-CaCO3对PP冲击性能、拉伸性能及弯曲性能的影响。结果表明,随着POE用量的增加,PP/POE共混体系及PP/POE/nano-CaCO3复合体系的冲击强度明显增加;拉伸强度及拉伸模量、弯曲强度及弯曲模量均减小;断裂伸长率及断裂强度亦减小。此外,与PP/POE共混体系相比,PP/POE/nano-CaCO3复合体系的冲击强度、拉伸强度及拉伸模量、弯曲强度及弯曲模量均优于PP/POE共混体系。     

连续碳纤维增强聚丙烯性能研究

根据聚丙烯/碳纤维(PP/CF)复合材料的发展趋势,从聚丙烯的聚合方式、碳纤维含量、相容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)含量以及聚烯烃弹性体(POE)含量4个方面对PP/CF复合材料冲击强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度和弯曲强度进行研究。结果表明:PP-g-MAH的加入不仅可以增强PP/CF复合材料的韧性,同时还保持了PP/CF复合材料的刚性。     

POE-g-MAH对SGF/POE/PP泡沫复合材料结构和性能的影响

采用型内二次发泡工艺制备马来酸酐接枝聚烯烃弹性体(POE-g-MAH)共混改性短玻璃纤维/聚烯烃弹性体/聚丙烯(SGF/POE/PP)泡沫复合材料,考察POE-g-MAH含量对复合材料泡孔形貌、微观结构和力学性能的影响.结果表明:少量POE-g-MAH的引入有利于降低平均泡孔和提高泡孔密度;同时POE、SGF与基体间的界面结合均得到了增强,SGF/POE/PP泡沫复合材料的冲击韧度和弯曲强度分别在POE-g-MAH的含量为5%和8%时达到最大值,而压缩强度则呈逐步下降的变化趋势.     

剑麻纤维/长玻纤混杂增强PP复合材料的力学性能研究

采用剑麻纤维(SF)和长玻璃纤维(LGF)混杂增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,考察了SF/LGF的比例和含量对PP复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:SF/LGF在聚丙烯树脂基体中呈交叉网状分布,这有利于提高复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度和软化点。在SF/LGF质量比为2 2∶,二者总质量分数为30%时,SF/LGF混杂增强PP复合材料的综合力学性能较好。     

晶须与滑石粉填充改性聚丙烯材料的性能研究

以聚丙烯(PP)为基料,聚烯烃弹性体(POE)为增韧剂,滑石粉和碱式硫酸镁晶须为增强填料,制备了PP/POE/滑石粉复合材料和PP/POE/晶须复合材料,研究了滑石粉和晶须的含量对密度、弯曲模量、缺口冲击强度、收缩率和热变形温度的影响.结果 表明:pp/POE/晶须复合材料的弯曲模量和热变形温度均高于PP/POE/滑石...     

聚丙烯/剑麻纤维复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/剑麻纤维(SF)复合材料,用扫描电镜和力学性能测试等方法研究了复合材料的结构和性能,探讨了SF长度和用量对复合材料力学性能和熔体流动性的影响。结果表明:SF的加入可降低PP/SF复合材料的冲击强度和熔体流动速率;SF以6 mm长度为宜;随着SF用量的增加,PP/SF复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均呈先增大后减小的趋势,当SF用量为15%时,PP/SF复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度最高,分别为39.7和30.2 MPa,冲击强度为2.6 kJ/m~2,熔体流动速率为1.3 g/10min。     

PP/POE/CB半导电屏蔽复合材料的制备和性能

研究了导电炭黑含量和聚乙烯-辛烯弹性体接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)的加入对热塑性半导电屏蔽材料,即聚丙烯烯/聚乙烯-辛烯弹性体/炭黑(PP/POE/CB)复合体系的体积电阻率和力学性能的影响,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)分析了POE-g-MAH的加入对PP基热塑性半导电屏蔽复合材料断面形貌的影响。利用转矩流变仪对复合材料的流变性能进行了研究。结果表明,PP/POE/CB热塑性半导电屏蔽复合材料的逾渗现象与炭黑粒子在聚合物基体中的分布状态有关,POE-g-MAH的加入可以进一步降低复合材料的体积电阻率;随着导电炭黑含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度均呈现先增加,后降低的趋势,当炭黑用量为30%时,拉伸强度达到最大值。PP/POE/CB热塑性半导电屏蔽复合材料具有较高的导电性能、力学性能、较高的熔体流动速率及良好的加工流动性。     

长玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料力学性能的研究

研究以聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)和聚烯烃弹性体接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)为界面相容剂的长玻璃纤维增强尼龙6(LGF/PA 6)复合材料的力学性能,并与短玻璃纤维增强尼龙6(SGF/PA 6)复合材料的力学性能进行对比。结果表明:LGF/PA 6复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量均随着玻璃纤维含量的增加呈直线上升趋势,玻璃纤维质量分数达到40%时,增强效果十分显著;在添加相同含量的玻璃纤维时,LGF/PA 6复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量低于SGF/PA 6复合材料;2种复合材料的冲击强度均随着玻璃纤维含量的增加呈非线性增加,当添加相同含量的玻璃纤维时,LGF/PA 6复合材料的冲击强度高于SGF/PA 6复合材料;两种界面相容剂均改善了玻璃纤维与PA 6的界面性能,显著提高了复合材料的冲击强度,其中添加PP-g-MAH的LGF/PA 6复合材料的冲击强度的提高高于添加POE-g-MAH的,但拉伸强度和弯曲强度均有不同程度降低,其中添加POE-g-MAH的LGF/PA 6复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量下降得较为明显。     

POE和mPE增韧木塑复合材料的研究

采用废木粉填充高密度聚乙烯制备木塑复合材料,采用茂金属聚乙烯(mPE)和乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)对复合材料进行增韧,并阐述了它们的增韧机理,讨论了增韧剂用量对复合材料的力学性能如拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、冲击强度和硬度的影响,综合评价了两种冲击改性剂的增韧效果。研究结果表明:两者对高密度聚乙烯基木塑复合材料均有良好的增韧效果。单就增韧效果而言,POE优于mPE,但在其他性能如拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、硬度以及耐热性等方面,mPE明显优于POE。     

新型热塑性弹性体增韧聚丙烯的研究

以聚烯烃弹性体(POE,乙烯-辛烯共聚物)为PP的增韧性剂,利用转矩流变仪、差示量热扫描(DSC)及力学性能测试方法,比较研究了PP/POE及PP/EPDM共混物的加工性能、结晶性能及力学性能;结果表明,POE在加工性、改性效果等方面比EPDM更具优势。还探讨了POE用量对PP/CaCO     

Effects of different compatilizers on mechanical,crystallization and thermal properties of polypropylene/magensium oxysulfate whisker composites

Two kinds of compatilizers, maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer (POE-g-MAH) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH), were incorporated into a polypropylene/magnesium oxysulfate whisker (PP/MOSw) composite. Scanning electron microscopy pictures presented a clear interface between MOSw and the PP matrix in the PP/MOSw composite, while vague interfaces appeared in the PP/iPOE-g-MAH/5MOSw and PP/iPP-g-MAH/5MOSw composites. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis results indicated that PP-g-MAH was highly compatible with the PP matrix while POE-g-MAH was not. Impact strength results showed that POE-g-MAH had a superior toughening effect on PP/MOSw composites, since the proper interfacial interaction and appearance of β-crystal PP. However, incorporating PP-g-MAH seemed to be conducive to increasing strength and modulus (both for tensile and flexural tests), as evidenced by the greatly raised interfacial adhesion between the PP matrix and MOSw. Quantitative characterization carried out by Turcsányi equation for ternary composites also confirmed that PP-g-MAH efficiently enhanced interfacial interaction, by the proof of higher B values. Therefore, the thermal stability of PP-g-MAH treated composites was far superior to that of PP/iPOE-g-MAH/5MOSw composites. Differential scanning calorimetery and polarized light microscopy results showed that POE-g-MAH promoted PP nucleation, with effects further enhanced with the presence of PP-g-MAH.     

聚丙烯/弹性体/滑石粉三元共混体系的尺寸收缩与性能研究

系统研究了乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)和Vistamaxx两种弹性体对滑石粉改性聚丙烯(PP)共混体系的尺寸收缩率、力学性能和结晶行为的影响.结果表明,随着弹性体用量的增加,材料的收缩率、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量下降,断裂伸长率和冲击强度上升;POE对PP的结晶影响不大,Vistamaxx质量分数为20％时对PP...     

聚烯烃弹性体增韧改性聚碳酸酯的研究

用四种聚烯烃弹性体对聚碳酸酯（PC）进行了增韧改性。探讨了不同种类和用量的增韧剂对聚合物共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明，EVA的加入使共混物韧性改善最明显，当其用量为15％时，材料的缺口冲击强度提高至38．7kJ／m^2，为纯PC的25倍，但材料的拉伸强度急剧下降。POE—g—MAH对PC的增韧效果仅次于EVA，但共混物的拉伸强度降低程度比EVA小，且共混物的断裂伸长率提高很多。其它两种共混体系PC／EAA、PC／LLDPE-g—MAH的性能介于EVA和POE—g—MAH之间。综合考虑材料的各种机械性能，添加20％的POE—g—MAH的PC共混物的性能较佳。     

聚丙烯/弹性体/纳米高岭土三元复合材料的研究

以新型聚烯烃弹性体POE为增韧剂，以纳米高岭土为增强剂，将传统的弹性体增韧方法和新型的纳米粒子增韧增强手段相结合；采用合金化技术和填充复合工艺，制得高性能的聚丙烯复合材料。研究结果表明，纳米高岭土和弹性体POE对PP增韧具有协同作用，呈现的并不是二者独立增韧作用的简单加和，纳米无机粒子对复合体系PP／POE还有增强作用并大大减缓了因POE的加入而导致复合体系强度的降低。     

Flow mark defects reduction of injection-molded polypropylene by dynamically vulcanized polyolefin elastomer

Flow mark defects (FMs) worsen surface esthetics and mechanical properties of injection-molded polypropylene (PP). In this work, experiments and dissipative particle dynamic (DPD) simulations were used to investigate the effect of dynamically vulcanized polyolefin elastomer (POE) on FMs of injection-molded PP. Significant FMs reduction was achieved by dynamically vulcanized POE. DPD simulations indicated that POE molecules were randomly distributed in the PP, while dynamic vulcanization led to the formation of elastomeric quasi-clusters, and these quasi-clusters were able to reduce FMs. Both DPD simulations and scanning electron microscopy results showed that more agglomerates with longer and irregular shapes formed with longer vulcanization time and more initiators. The formation of too many agglomerates resulted in different pock surface defects. Dynamically vulcanized POE produced at optimal reaction conditions did not affect the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, and flexural modulus, while breaking elongation and notched Izod impact strength of injection-molded PP decreased slightly. This work suggests that the addition of dynamically vulcanized POE may be a promising way to reduce FMs of injection-molded PP.     

滑石粉对聚丙烯/聚烯烃弹性体共混物结晶行为和力学性能的影响

采用双螺杆挤出机制备了均聚聚丙烯(PPH) /聚烯烃弹性体( POE) 共混物和PPH/POE/滑石粉三元共混体系。使用差示扫描量热仪和万能试验机研究了共混物和复合材料的结晶性能、力学性能和加工性能。结果表明,POE对PPH力学性能和结晶性能有明显的影响,随着POE用量的增加,PP/POE共混物的结晶度明显下降,PPH/POE 共混物的冲击强度明显提高,但拉伸强度显著降低。POE含量为20 %时,冲击强度由2.1 kJ/m2提高到39 kJ/m2,拉伸强度由30 MPa 降低到22MPa。加入滑石粉可以提高PPH/POE共混物的拉伸强度,滑石粉添加量1份时,可使共混物的拉伸强度提高到24 MPa。     

Surface‐modified MgO nanoparticle enhances the mechanical and direct‐current electrical characteristics of polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer nanodielectrics

Polypropylene (PP)/polyolefin elastomer (POE) blends and MgO/PP/POE nanocomposites were fabricated by melt blending. The morphology, mechanical, and electrical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface‐modified MgO nanoparticles were well dispersed in the polymer matrix at low loadings of less than 3 phr. X‐ray diffraction demonstrated that the crystalline phases of PP in the composites were changed and that the β phase significantly increased. An examination of the electrical properties revealed that the direct‐current (dc) electric breakdown strength and space‐charge suppression effect were remarkably improved by the introduction of the surface‐modified MgO nanoparticles. In addition, obvious enhancements in the tensile modulus and strength were obtained as a result of the synergistic toughening of the POE and MgO nanoparticles. Thus, MgO/PP/POE nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and electrical properties have great potential to be used as recyclable insulation materials for high‐voltage dc cables with large transmission capacities and high operating temperatures. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 132, 42863.     

聚丙烯共混改性体系力学性能研究

首先分别采用乙烯-辛烯共聚物弹性体(POE)、有机改性的天然累托石粘土(OREC)与经过表面处理的两种晶须：硼酸铝、钛酸钾与均聚聚丙烯(PP)进行二元熔融共混改性，其次采用两种改性剂对PP进行三元共混改性。结果表明：弹性体虽能增加聚丙烯的韧性，但是其拉伸强度有相当大下降，粘土虽能同时提高聚丙烯的韧性与强度，但是增韧的幅度有限，晶须增强、增韧效果较差。POE与OREC对PP有协同增强增韧作用，三元共混体系POE／OREC／PP在适当配比时的力学性能有较大幅度的改善，其冲击性能比纯PP提高204．％，比二元体系POE／PP提高15．6％，拉伸强度比纯PP下降15．6％，比二元体系POE／PP提高22．6％。