An innovative course emphasizing real-time digital signalprocessing applications

This paper presents an innovative undergraduate real-time digital signal processing (DSP) course, Digital Signal Processors, which emphases hands-on experiments and practical applications. It enables students to experiment with sophisticated DSP applications to augment the theoretical, conceptual, and analytical material provided in their first DSP course, Digital Filter Design. The inclusion of both software and hardware developmental experiences permits undergraduates to undertake a wide range of real-time DSP projects in their required Senior Engineering Design course. This paper briefly introduces representative examples of some challenging DSP applications, such as acoustic echo cancellation, active noise control, and image compression     

电力系统实时数学仿真技术

介绍电力系统实时数字仿真技术的发展过程，以全数字实时仿真系统(RTDS)为例，说明实时数字仿真技术在电力系统中得到了广泛应用。基于微机的电力系统实时数字仿真技术具有良好的发展前景，重点讨论我国第1台自主开发的基于微机的数字动态实时仿真系统(Digital Dynamic Real-TimeSimulator，DDRTS)，指出此项技术是未来电力系统实时数字仿真中的一个重要发展方向。另外，强调了在这个领域研究中值得关注的几个问题。     

非线性电路暂态仿真中消除数值振荡的改进方法

在电力系统的电磁暂态数字仿真中,非线性元件的非线性特性将导致数值计算中产生数值振荡.引入一种新的离散方法一改进的节点分析法,对非线性元件进行处理,离散化得到等效伴随电路,然后求解.通过Matlab软件仿真得到等效后的电压波形,与ATP和PSCAD模型比较,所提算法可以有效消除数值振荡,并不会出现"毛刺"现象,适合非线性元件的仿真.     

MMC-MTDC系统的电磁-机电暂态建模与实时仿真分析

提出了基于希尔伯特变换的移频建模方法,并建立了基于模块化多电平换流器的多端柔性直流输电(MMC-MTDC)系统的电磁-机电暂态移频相量模型,进一步地在实时仿真器上实现了电磁-机电暂态分区并行计算。相较于传统电磁-机电暂态联合仿真方法,该建模方法与仿真平台的电磁-机电暂态仿真适用性强,接口简单实用。分别建立了模块化多电平换流器单端系统、±200 kV五端柔性直流输电系统接入IEEE 39节点交流系统的移频相量模型,并且完成了电磁-机电暂态分区并行实时仿真测试。通过对多种暂态现象的模拟及其与电磁暂态模型结果的对比,验证了所提电磁-机电暂态移频相量建模与实时仿真的准确性、有效性和灵活性。     

Rapid prototyping system for teaching real-time digital signalprocessing

A low-cost rapid-prototyping system using Texas Instruments' (TI) TMS320C30 Evaluation Module (EVM) based on the MathWorks development software is presented in this paper. The rapid prototyping system serves as an educational tool in learning digital signal processing (DSP) and seeing the concept realized in real time. The development software modules, Simulink, uses graphical block diagrams to create models for real-time implementation and the real-time workshop (RTW), generates C code to be downloaded onto the EVM. The entire building process is fully automatic. This includes compiling, assembling and downloading of the real-time algorithms. The system was found to be well suited for learning real-time DSP algorithms for both undergraduate and postgraduate levels     

一种数字化实时谐波电流的检测方法

提出了一种基于三相瞬时功率理论的谐波实时检测方法,采用傅立叶变换得到同步信号的锁相技术和平均值滤波技术,大大提高检测响应速度和检测精度。文中给出了检测原理、仿真结果和性能分析。     

基于RTDS的直流输电系统电磁暂态建模和实时仿真研究

在RTDS实时数字仿真平台上搭建C IGRE直流输电标准测试系统模型,并以该标准模型为研究对象,进行直流输电调节特性实时仿真研究。在C IGRE直流输电标准测试系统模型研究的基础上,进行宜都—华新直流输电系统的RTDS实时数字仿真建模,并进行该直流输电系统的运行和控制特性实时仿真研究。     

Geographically distributed real-time digital simulations using linear prediction

Real-time (RT) simulator is a powerful tool for analyzing operational and control algorithms in electric power systems engineering. For understanding the dynamic and transient behavior of a power systems, significant RT computation capabilities are essential. A single unit of RT simulator has limited simulation capabilities. The most common way of augmenting simulation capability is using a bank of locally connected RT simulators. However, creating a large-sized bank of RT simulators involves significant financial investments and hence may not be feasible at all research facilities. Power and energy systems research facilities that use RT simulators are at diverse physical locations. In addition to RT simulators, research facilities around the world house an array of facilities with unique power, energy, and control systems for innovative research. To leverage these unique research facilities, geographically distributed RT simulation based on Wide Area Network (WAN) is required. Typical RT simulators perform simulations with time-steps in the order of milliseconds to microseconds, whereas data latency for communication on WAN may be as high as a few hundred milliseconds. Such communication latency between RT simulators may lead to inaccuracies and instabilities in geographically distributed RT simulations. In this paper, the effect of communication latency on geographically distributed RT simulation is discussed and analyzed. In order to reduce the effect of the communication latency, a Real-Time Predictor (RTP), based on linear curve fitting is developed and integrated into the distributed RT simulation environment. Two geographically distributed digital RT simulators are used to perform dynamic simulations of an electric power system with a fixed communication latency and the predictor. Empirical results demonstrate the effects of communication latency on the simulation and the performance of the RTP to improve the accuracy of simulations.     

Developing real-time digital audio effects for electric guitar inan introductory digital signal processing class

This paper describes the innovative challenges of including the development of real-time digital audio effect algorithms in an existing introductory digital signal processing lecture class. The basic course structure is discussed and the software, hardware and two audio effect algorithms are described. The quality of the effect algorithms are compared with a commercially available effects unit at auditions during a student project demonstration day     

基于WAMS的电力系统暂态稳定的快速预测

提出一种基于广域测量系统WAMS(Wide areaMeasurementSystem)的电力系统暂态稳定实时快速定量分析的方法。该方法根据PMU实时采集的各发电机转子角速度及电磁功率,通过预测扰动结束后系统运动轨迹和基于暂态能量的轨迹分析法来评估系统的暂态稳定性。在 6机系统上进行仿真计算,结果表明,该方法能有效预测电力系统的暂态稳定性。     

基于WAMS的电力系统暂态稳定的快速预测

提出一种基于广域测量系统WAMS(Wide-area Measurement System)的电力系统暂态稳定实时快速定量分析的方法.该方法根据PMU实时采集的各发电机转子角速度及电磁功率,通过预测扰动结束后系统运动轨迹和基于暂态能量的轨迹分析法来评估系统的暂态稳定性.在6机系统上进行仿真计算,结果表明,该方法能有效预测电力系统的暂态稳定性.     

Employing reprogrammable analog VLSI in real-time analysis of transient stability

By using the scaled-down analog model built by integrated circuits, the transient stability analysis of power systems can be performed in real-time. However, neither the parameters nor the topology of the analog VLSI chip can be changed after fabrication. Consequently, it requires one to design and manufacture dedicated chips to perform the transient stability analysis for different power systems, which results in prohibitively high fabrication cost. To overcome this shortcoming, this paper presents a new method to employ reconfigurable analog model. A novel concept for reconfiguring system parameters of multiple machine systems has been developed and tested by a 30-bus 6-generator system.     

馈电系统数字实时仿真模型

对短距离电力系统数字仿真时，可按物理设备对系统分块，将电力传输线、同步发电机，变压器、综合负载分别作为独立模块建模，各模块连接处用解耦电压源替代，这样各模块可平行地进行数字积分，用集总参数建立了35KV电力系统传输线中点故障数字仿真的数学模型，并在已知同步发电机与综合负载模型的基础上，进一步提出了该电力系统数字实时仿真的多模块耦合模型，一个具体的数字仿真结果表明提出的模型是正确的，给出的算法是合理的，该数字信真能在奔腾Ⅲ750系统上实时实现。     

数字化电厂实时数据基础的建设

从实用的角度叙述了实时数据记录的必要性;介绍了华能上海石洞口第二电厂以较低的成本在老式DCS/PLC上打造数字化电厂实时数据基础的技术方案及实施,讨论了其在安全性、完整性、实时性、一致性、开放性及海量特性方面的结果。     

Closed-loop testing with the real-time digital power system simulator

Most protection and control equipment is usually tested in the open-loop mode. However, closed-loop testing is often the only cost-effective approach. This paper highlights the areas where closed-loop testing of protective relays and control equipment is preferable. Test setups with a real-time digital simulator for closed-loop testing of protective relays, power system stabilizers, and controllers for controlled closing of individual poles of a shunt capacitor breaker are described.     

应用于EMS高级应用系统的BPA程序快速调用方法与接口设计

针对电网EMS系统中各个高级应用模块在调用BPA暂态计算程序时出现的接口程序继承性差、接口程序调用效率低下的不足,提出了一种快速有效调用BPA暂态计算程序的接口设计方法。通过设定统一的BPA暂态计算程序接口调用模式和文件交互标准,解决了BPA暂态计算程序接口继承性差的问题。同时,根据EMS高级应用调用BPA暂态计算程序的特点,设计了一种快速调用BPA暂态计算程序的接口设计方法,实现了BPA暂态计算程序的快速调用。利用精细规则自动发现系统在广东省电网调用BPA暂态计算程序的算例测试表明:该接口程序能够提供继承性强的BPA暂态计算程序的接口程序,并且可以实现BPA暂态计算程序的快速调用。     

实时数字仿真系统(RTDS)在继电保护上的应用研究

对研发中或者出厂前的继电保护设备都能进行运行环境下的全面性能检验和试验，司一个非常重要的问题。文章综述加拿大研制的实时数字仿真系统（BTDS）在继电保护上的国内应用中出现的问题及国内外的解决方案。RTDS的实时性及闭环测试能力是仿真技术的重要研单位都引进了实时数字仿真器并且取得了可信度高的试验结果，显示了巨大的发展潜力。     

Teaching and learning the hows and whys of real-time digital signal processing

This paper discusses the approach taken in conducting a real-time digital signal processing (DSP) design class for undergraduates. The most recent TMS320C5402 DSP Starter Kit (DSK) from Texas Instruments (TI) is used, and a set of courseware that exposes students to both theoretical understanding and hands-on exercises is developed. It leads the students from the conceptual stage in DSP design to the actual implementation stage. This paper discusses the lecturer and students' perspective in this real-time DSP course.     

Precise and reliable identification of the transient processes of a powerful synchronous machine by probabilistic statistical methods

Identification of the transient process (TP) obtained by probabilistic and statistical methods based on probability theory and mathematical statistics as well as on the graphical–analytical method (GAM) in accordance with State Standard GOST 10169–77 was considered according to the results of bench tests of an STM-800-2.6 kV synchronous machine (SM) at an 4512-V test voltage during a sudden symmetrical shortcircuit (SSC). Despite the high labor intensity and low precision and reliability of TP oscillograms due to the numerous graphic operations and transitions from analogue TP to the discrete form and back, the GAM is a basic one and is widely used. Oscillogram processing by the GAM aiming at TP transition from analogue to discrete form leads to deviation of peaks from their original location. For this reason, practically no electromagnetic parameters adequately correspond to the TP of SM. The method of minimization of the meansquare error of approximation of the transient component to the experimental data was proposed. This error is presented in the form of the surface in a 3D coordinate system, for which reason the procedure of optimization, modeling, and determining the error in each node sampling with account taken of the influence of different random factors allow to reveal the minimum error. The method of determining the surge current by one vertex without defining TP parameters during SSC experience was tested as well. Error analysis of identification results of the TP SM by GAM and PSM for all phases is presented.     

基于多线程技术的数字保护实时仿真系统

一次系统实时数字仿真对仿真步长有着严格的要求,一般为50～60 μs.而微机保护等控制系统对仿真步长的要求则低得多,两者相差达一个数量级以上.这给在RTDS上实现保护实时、闭环数字仿真系统带来很大困难.首先介绍了RTDS中控制系统以及用户自定义组件(UDC)的数学模型,分析了实时仿真系统所遇到的问题,指出多线程技术可以解决控制系统采样间隔与仿真步长不一致的问题,从而有效缩短最小时间步长;然后详细介绍了多线程技术的原理以及在RTDS中的实现方法,并开发了基子多线程技术的保护实时数字仿真系统模型;最后以一套纵联保护实时仿真模型为例,在RTDS系统中验证了多线程技术的优越性.