An innovative course emphasizing real-time digital signalprocessing applications

This paper presents an innovative undergraduate real-time digital signal processing (DSP) course, Digital Signal Processors, which emphases hands-on experiments and practical applications. It enables students to experiment with sophisticated DSP applications to augment the theoretical, conceptual, and analytical material provided in their first DSP course, Digital Filter Design. The inclusion of both software and hardware developmental experiences permits undergraduates to undertake a wide range of real-time DSP projects in their required Senior Engineering Design course. This paper briefly introduces representative examples of some challenging DSP applications, such as acoustic echo cancellation, active noise control, and image compression     

电力系统实时数学仿真技术

介绍电力系统实时数字仿真技术的发展过程，以全数字实时仿真系统(RTDS)为例，说明实时数字仿真技术在电力系统中得到了广泛应用。基于微机的电力系统实时数字仿真技术具有良好的发展前景，重点讨论我国第1台自主开发的基于微机的数字动态实时仿真系统(Digital Dynamic Real-TimeSimulator，DDRTS)，指出此项技术是未来电力系统实时数字仿真中的一个重要发展方向。另外，强调了在这个领域研究中值得关注的几个问题。     

非线性电路暂态仿真中消除数值振荡的改进方法

在电力系统的电磁暂态数字仿真中,非线性元件的非线性特性将导致数值计算中产生数值振荡.引入一种新的离散方法一改进的节点分析法,对非线性元件进行处理,离散化得到等效伴随电路,然后求解.通过Matlab软件仿真得到等效后的电压波形,与ATP和PSCAD模型比较,所提算法可以有效消除数值振荡,并不会出现"毛刺"现象,适合非线性元件的仿真.     

Rapid prototyping system for teaching real-time digital signalprocessing

A low-cost rapid-prototyping system using Texas Instruments' (TI) TMS320C30 Evaluation Module (EVM) based on the MathWorks development software is presented in this paper. The rapid prototyping system serves as an educational tool in learning digital signal processing (DSP) and seeing the concept realized in real time. The development software modules, Simulink, uses graphical block diagrams to create models for real-time implementation and the real-time workshop (RTW), generates C code to be downloaded onto the EVM. The entire building process is fully automatic. This includes compiling, assembling and downloading of the real-time algorithms. The system was found to be well suited for learning real-time DSP algorithms for both undergraduate and postgraduate levels     

一种数字化实时谐波电流的检测方法

提出了一种基于三相瞬时功率理论的谐波实时检测方法,采用傅立叶变换得到同步信号的锁相技术和平均值滤波技术,大大提高检测响应速度和检测精度。文中给出了检测原理、仿真结果和性能分析。     

Geographically distributed real-time digital simulations using linear prediction

Real-time (RT) simulator is a powerful tool for analyzing operational and control algorithms in electric power systems engineering. For understanding the dynamic and transient behavior of a power systems, significant RT computation capabilities are essential. A single unit of RT simulator has limited simulation capabilities. The most common way of augmenting simulation capability is using a bank of locally connected RT simulators. However, creating a large-sized bank of RT simulators involves significant financial investments and hence may not be feasible at all research facilities. Power and energy systems research facilities that use RT simulators are at diverse physical locations. In addition to RT simulators, research facilities around the world house an array of facilities with unique power, energy, and control systems for innovative research. To leverage these unique research facilities, geographically distributed RT simulation based on Wide Area Network (WAN) is required. Typical RT simulators perform simulations with time-steps in the order of milliseconds to microseconds, whereas data latency for communication on WAN may be as high as a few hundred milliseconds. Such communication latency between RT simulators may lead to inaccuracies and instabilities in geographically distributed RT simulations. In this paper, the effect of communication latency on geographically distributed RT simulation is discussed and analyzed. In order to reduce the effect of the communication latency, a Real-Time Predictor (RTP), based on linear curve fitting is developed and integrated into the distributed RT simulation environment. Two geographically distributed digital RT simulators are used to perform dynamic simulations of an electric power system with a fixed communication latency and the predictor. Empirical results demonstrate the effects of communication latency on the simulation and the performance of the RTP to improve the accuracy of simulations.     

基于RTDS的直流输电系统电磁暂态建模和实时仿真研究

在RTDS实时数字仿真平台上搭建C IGRE直流输电标准测试系统模型,并以该标准模型为研究对象,进行直流输电调节特性实时仿真研究。在C IGRE直流输电标准测试系统模型研究的基础上,进行宜都—华新直流输电系统的RTDS实时数字仿真建模,并进行该直流输电系统的运行和控制特性实时仿真研究。     

Developing real-time digital audio effects for electric guitar inan introductory digital signal processing class

This paper describes the innovative challenges of including the development of real-time digital audio effect algorithms in an existing introductory digital signal processing lecture class. The basic course structure is discussed and the software, hardware and two audio effect algorithms are described. The quality of the effect algorithms are compared with a commercially available effects unit at auditions during a student project demonstration day     

Employing reprogrammable analog VLSI in real-time analysis of transient stability

By using the scaled-down analog model built by integrated circuits, the transient stability analysis of power systems can be performed in real-time. However, neither the parameters nor the topology of the analog VLSI chip can be changed after fabrication. Consequently, it requires one to design and manufacture dedicated chips to perform the transient stability analysis for different power systems, which results in prohibitively high fabrication cost. To overcome this shortcoming, this paper presents a new method to employ reconfigurable analog model. A novel concept for reconfiguring system parameters of multiple machine systems has been developed and tested by a 30-bus 6-generator system.     

基于WAMS的电力系统暂态稳定的快速预测

提出一种基于广域测量系统WAMS(Wide-area Measurement System)的电力系统暂态稳定实时快速定量分析的方法.该方法根据PMU实时采集的各发电机转子角速度及电磁功率,通过预测扰动结束后系统运动轨迹和基于暂态能量的轨迹分析法来评估系统的暂态稳定性.在6机系统上进行仿真计算,结果表明,该方法能有效预测电力系统的暂态稳定性.     

数字化电厂实时数据基础的建设

从实用的角度叙述了实时数据记录的必要性;介绍了华能上海石洞口第二电厂以较低的成本在老式DCS/PLC上打造数字化电厂实时数据基础的技术方案及实施,讨论了其在安全性、完整性、实时性、一致性、开放性及海量特性方面的结果。     

实时数字仿真系统(RTDS)在继电保护上的应用研究

对研发中或者出厂前的继电保护设备都能进行运行环境下的全面性能检验和试验，司一个非常重要的问题。文章综述加拿大研制的实时数字仿真系统（BTDS）在继电保护上的国内应用中出现的问题及国内外的解决方案。RTDS的实时性及闭环测试能力是仿真技术的重要研单位都引进了实时数字仿真器并且取得了可信度高的试验结果，显示了巨大的发展潜力。     

Teaching and learning the hows and whys of real-time digital signal processing

This paper discusses the approach taken in conducting a real-time digital signal processing (DSP) design class for undergraduates. The most recent TMS320C5402 DSP Starter Kit (DSK) from Texas Instruments (TI) is used, and a set of courseware that exposes students to both theoretical understanding and hands-on exercises is developed. It leads the students from the conceptual stage in DSP design to the actual implementation stage. This paper discusses the lecturer and students' perspective in this real-time DSP course.     

A versatile cluster-based real-time digital simulator for power engineering research

This paper presents the development of a unique parallel and distributed real-time digital simulator for power engineering research at the University of Alberta. The simulator is built entirely from commodity-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software components, making it very flexible and scalable. In parallel multi-tasking operations, a combination of real-time Linux operating system and an ultra-fast network forms the backbone for the internal communication between the 16 powerful processors of the Xeon-Cluster. Field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based multi-channel digital and analog I/O ports are interfaced to communicate with the external hardware components. The model development software utilized for power applications is based on the highly customizable industry-standard MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. A detailed case study of the real-time simulation of a three-level 12-pulse vector-controlled ac drive is presented to illustrate the precision capabilities of the simulator. Multiple integration algorithms and multirate computation have been applied for the simulation of the system, with slow (machine) and fast (converter) dynamic components. Real-time simulation of the entire system has been achieved with a maximum computation time of 5.35 /spl mu/s on a step-size of 10 /spl mu/s for the first time. Results obtained from the real-time simulation have been validated with an offline simulation using PSCAD/EMTDC.     

Precise and reliable identification of the transient processes of a powerful synchronous machine by probabilistic statistical methods

Identification of the transient process (TP) obtained by probabilistic and statistical methods based on probability theory and mathematical statistics as well as on the graphical–analytical method (GAM) in accordance with State Standard GOST 10169–77 was considered according to the results of bench tests of an STM-800-2.6 kV synchronous machine (SM) at an 4512-V test voltage during a sudden symmetrical shortcircuit (SSC). Despite the high labor intensity and low precision and reliability of TP oscillograms due to the numerous graphic operations and transitions from analogue TP to the discrete form and back, the GAM is a basic one and is widely used. Oscillogram processing by the GAM aiming at TP transition from analogue to discrete form leads to deviation of peaks from their original location. For this reason, practically no electromagnetic parameters adequately correspond to the TP of SM. The method of minimization of the meansquare error of approximation of the transient component to the experimental data was proposed. This error is presented in the form of the surface in a 3D coordinate system, for which reason the procedure of optimization, modeling, and determining the error in each node sampling with account taken of the influence of different random factors allow to reveal the minimum error. The method of determining the surge current by one vertex without defining TP parameters during SSC experience was tested as well. Error analysis of identification results of the TP SM by GAM and PSM for all phases is presented.     

数字实时补偿技术在现代微波合成扫频信号源中的应用

本文在介绍锁相扫频技术的基础上,论述了现代微波合成扫频信号源中针对振荡器预置非线性进行补偿的必要性,探索了一种数字实时补偿的实现方法,着重描述了补偿的原理框图、主要硬件电路及在同步时序的控制下补偿的过程,这种补偿方法已成功应用于宽带微波合成扫频信号源的设计中,经验证能够产生较好的补偿效果。     

一种应用于无刷直流电机数字控制的系统设计

介绍了一种基于DSP+FPGA的无刷直流电机控制系统。阐述了通过FPGA对PWM波进行组合和逻辑变换的设计方法。详细介绍了采用单神经元自适应PSD控制器对电流环进行调节的方法。试验结果表明,系统的硬件和软件设计合理,具有良好的调速性能。     

Wavelet transforms for real-time estimation of transmission line impedance under transient conditions

 Waveforms of voltages and currents in electrical power systems may include higher harmonics, transient components and random noise. For control and protection devices, it is necessary to estimate parameters of the basic waveform. The most well-known methods are based on the Fourier technique. The estimated phasors of the basic component can be applied to the calculation of the impedance of a faulty transmission line. In this paper, the current and voltage phasors were estimated using complex wavelets. The filter properties of the wavelet approach are better than those of the Fourier. Received: 20 July 2001/Accepted: 10 August 2001     

Preparation of methodical basis for real-time digital models for relay-protection purposes

Peculiarities of the real-time digital-modeling complex that allow them to be used to perform a complete test cycle of relay-protection systems under conditions maximally close to a real service environment are considered. The structure of methodical base necessary for effectively carrying out this testing is proposed.     

基于实时数字滤波技术的火电厂运行数据分析

文中分析适用于电厂的一阶滞后滤波法和加权递推平均滤波法的特点,并运用2种滤波方法对火电厂运行数据进行处理,对其处理结果进行详细比对分析,为火电厂运行数据寻求最合适的实时滤波方法。