推料频率对双级活塞推料离心机分离效果影响的数值模拟研究

活塞推料离心机由于具有生产能力大、功率消耗低以及滤饼固含率大等突出优点,被广泛应用于化学工业、食品、国防工业等部门,而双级活塞推料离心机是使用最多的一种机型。推料频率是双级活塞推料离心机的一个很重要的参数,对离心机的生产能力和分离效果起着决定性的作用。以P-100型双级活塞推料离心机为例,运用FLUENT软件对其建立三维模型并进行数值模拟,研究了推料频率的变化对离心分离效果的影响。结果表明,推料频率越高,离心机生产能力越大,但滤饼含固率会有所减小,实际生产中应综合考虑各方面的因素来确定离心机的推料频率。同时,研究结果还为离心机结构的优化设计提出了一系列依据。     

联合制碱重碱过滤和离心分离(三)——重碱离心分离

重碱离心过滤的特点:重碱滤饼的高压缩性决定了必须使用双级或多级推料离心机,离心机筛网网隙小、开孔率高,离心过程中需加入洗水置换母液。介绍重碱离心分离的原理及工艺流程,比较重碱离心分离与真空过滤分离的不同点。举例介绍HR系列双级活塞推料离心机的参数。     

双级活塞推料离心机固相进料在氯化钾生产中的应用

针对原虹吸式刮刀离心机在氯化钾脱水中存在的问题,采用双级活塞推料离心机代替虹吸式刮刀离心机。改造后,降低了操作人员的劳动强度和设备维护费用,离心分离后的产品含水质量分数≤7%,完全达到了设计要求。     

双级活塞推料离心机在煤矿高盐水处理中的应用

通过对双级活塞推料离心机机械结构、工作原理、运行特点及性能参数选择进行分析,总结出双级活塞推料离心机具有进出料连续、产品水分低、性价比高等特点。陕西延长石油巴拉素煤矿井下高盐水处理站工艺中,采用了双级活塞推料离心机回收硫酸钠,分析设备在运行中存在的问题,提出该设备要取得理想的运行效果,必须在动平衡、分离物料的固液比和稳定性、连续进出料、离心机转速控制等方面加强管理。     

三级活塞推料离心机数值模拟与操作参数优化

针对新型三级活塞推料离心机的研发,在转鼓尺寸和物料增大情况下,操作参数对分离过程中转鼓内侵蚀现象和分离效率有重要影响。采用样机实验结合CFD数值模拟,对三级活塞推料离心机进行三维建模和仿真,并利用密集离散粒子模型(DDPM)模拟侵蚀过程。基于粒度分析可知,氯化钠颗粒粒径dm为0.070~0.200 mm时,随颗粒粒径增加,固相对离心机转鼓内部的侵蚀越大。结合响应面分析法可知,响应模型各因素的交互影响明显,以更高分离率与更低侵蚀率作为评价指标,得出最优值为推料频率40次/min、转鼓转速1431 r/min、进料浓度60%。与实验数据进行对比,模拟结果的误差在可接受范围内。     

基于分离效率的卧螺离心机CFD分析

从分离效率的角度对卧式螺旋卸料离心机转鼓内的流场进行数值分析.通过剖析推料螺旋与转鼓溢流堰的结构特点可知,转鼓内流体在轴向为薄层流动,在径向由于涡流产生向内流动导致颗粒上浮,这两者对离心机分离效率有决定性的影响.结合CFD数值分析和颗粒的Stokes沉降运动关系,提出将薄层流动与上浮临界粒度应用于离心机分离能力计算的理论和方法.文章通过定义沉降粒度和上浮临界粒度,进一步把分离能力计算与分离效率相关联,使该方法更接近离心机分离工艺的实际情况.通过对工业中典型离心机进行实例计算,证明了该方法的可行性和准确性.     

敬告广大作者

重庆江北机械有限责任公司（以下简称江机公司）HR800-NA双级活塞推料离心机顺利通过了由重庆市经委组织市级技术鉴定。江机公司HR系列双级活塞推料离心机服务用户再添“重量级选手”。这是2008年9月24日至26日,在昆明举行的HR800-NA双级活塞推料技术鉴定会上传回的令人振奋的消息。     

双级活塞推料离心机的故障分析

介绍了双级活塞推料离心机的工作原理及在实际使用中出现的故障、原因分析及处理办法。     

双级活塞推料离心机在氯乙酸生产中的应用

介绍了双级活塞推料离心机的工作原理及在氯乙酸生产中的应用,并与三足离心机的性能进行了比较,分析了使用中应注意的问题及故障处理方法。     

双级活塞推料离心机性能及其应用

介绍了P—500、P—60两种型号的双级活塞推料离心机的工作原理,基本结构,应用场合及其特点。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。