Continuous annular chromatography for the separation of beet molasses

The continuous separation of a multicomponent feedstock on a rotating annular chromatograph is described. The annulus width was 12 mm, diameter 300 mm and height 1400 mm. The annulus was packed with a 420 micron ion-exchange resin in the sodium form. The feedstock separated was beet molasses which is the final syrup spun off after repeated crystallisations in the extraction of sugar. Two basic mechanisms were in operation to separate sucrose from impurities: ion exclusion and molecular sieving. A statistical approach was made to set up an experimental programme and analyse the results. Four factors were studied: feed flowrate, feed concentration, annulus rotation rate and eluent rate. Two of these, namely feed rate and eluent rate, significantly affected the response. The response was the separation achieved using the annular chromatograph between the sucrose and non-sucrose solids. A further series of experiments demonstrated the practical considerations to be made when separating beet molasses. A crystallisable product sucrose rate of 207 gh^?1 was achieved.     

Dextran fractionation using preparative scale continuous chromatography

The continuous fractionation of dextran feedstocks using preparative scale gel permeation chromatography is reported. A semi-continuous counter-current chromatographic refiner has been used, which consisted of ten 5.1 cm i.d. × 70 cm long stainless steel columns, packed with Spherosil XOB075 porous silica beads. The system has proved successful in removing the very low and the very high molecular weight fractions and obtaining products of the required specification. Over 90% recoveries have been achieved at throughputs of 0.470 kg dextran h^?1.     

糖蜜酒精废液的两步脱色及色素的回收利用

采用D-101大孔树脂和活性炭两步吸附法对糖蜜酒精废液进行脱色处理,实验表明,该法有明显的脱色效果,脱色率达98.3%,脱色后CODCr去除率>90%,色素可有效回收利用。     

Production of high purity fructose from barley syrups using semi-continuous chromatography

A semi-continuous counter current chromatographic refiner, developed in this department, was used to produce high fructose syrup from an industrial barley syrup containing 42% fructose, 52% glucose and 6% maltose and oligosaccharides. The chromatographic refiner consisted of twelve 5.4 cm i.d. columns, each packed to a height of 65.5 cm with KORELA VO7C calcium charged resin, with a particle size range 150–300 μm. At a throughput of 32.1 kg sugar solids/m³ resin/h, the fructose rich product obtained was 95% pure and had a concentration of 11.3% w/v, while the glucose rich product contained only 4.5% fructose and had a concentration of 22.56% w/v.     

Optimization of the production of chitosan from beet molasses by response surface methodology

Chitosan was produced by Rhizopus oryzae 00.4367 in shake flask culture and a stirred tank fermenter. Synthetic medium, treated and untreated beet molasses were used as cultivation media in shake flask cultures. In the stirred tank fermenter, the cultivation media were synthetic medium and untreated beet molasses. Shake flask culture containing untreated molasses with a sugar concentration of 40 g dm^?3 produced the maximum chitosan yield (961 mg dm^?3). Chitosan concentration reached its maximum value at the late exponential growth phase of R oryzae. In all experiments almost 8–10% of biomass and 32–38% of alkali‐insoluble material was extracted as chitosan. A central composite design was employed to determine the optimum values of process variables (aeration rate, agitation speed and initial sugar concentration) leading to maximum chitosan concentration in the stirred tank fermenter. In all cases, the fit of the model was found to be good. Aeration rate, agitation speed and initial sugar concentration had a strong linear effect on chitosan concentration. Moreover, the concentration of chitosan was significantly influenced by the negative quadratic effects of the given variables and by their positive or negative interactions. A maximum chitosan concentration of 1109.32 mg dm^?3 was obtained in untreated molasses medium containing an initial sugar concentration of 45.37 g dm^?3 with an aeration rate and agitation speed of 2.10 vvm and 338.93 rpm, respectively. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

螺旋管连续逆流萃取色谱系统

介绍了一种新型连续分离制备性色谱系统——螺旋管连续逆流萃取色谱,可实现分馏萃取、普通逆流萃取、色谱洗脱等分离过程,而且易实现工业化放大,适用于天然产物、蛋白质和多肽、抗生素、精细化工等附加值高且较难分离物质的连续制备性分离.该系统是在逆流色谱分离原理的基础上开发出来的,主要由萃取部分、进样控制部分和样品收集部分组成.本色谱系统采用特殊的双向流动方式使得各组分能够在长度有限的管程内实现分离,可降低生产成本,缩短操作周期.利用自动控制技术对进样和溶剂的流量进行程序控制,其动作程序可根据分离条件和要求进行设定.     

Production of lactic acid from beet molasses by calcium alginate immobilized Lactobacillus delbrueckii IFO 3202

Lactic acid was produced from pretreated beet molasses by the homofermentative organism Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp delbrueckii IFO 3202 entrapped in calcium alginate gel using batch, repeated batch and continuous fermentation systems. In batch fermentation studies successful results were obtained with 2.0–2.4 mm diameter beads prepared from 2% sodium alginate solution. The highest effective yield (82.0%) and conversion yield (90.0%) were obtained from substrate concentrations of 52.1 and 78.2 g dm⁻³ respectively. The gel beads produced lactic acid for 14 consecutive batch fermentations without marked activity loss and deformation. In the continuous fermentation, the highest lactic acid (4.22%) was obtained at a dilution rate of 0.1 h⁻¹ while the highest productivity (13.92 g dm⁻³ h⁻¹) was obtained at a dilution rate of 0.4 h⁻¹. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

连续环状色谱柱分离性能的模拟

连续环状色谱柱是有机物稀溶液及生物制品纯化的重要制备手段,为深入认识连续环状色谱柱的性能,开展了连续环状色谱柱分离性能模拟计算的研究。提出了二维空间网格差分的模拟计算方法,并采用文献报道的木糖-山梨糖分离的实验结果进行验证,模拟计算结果与实验数据基本吻合,证明了模拟计算方法的可行性。同时考察了单组分体系下进料流量、床层旋转速度、相间总传质系数、吸附平衡常数对流出曲线的影响;以木糖为分离关键组分,以木糖的收率和纯度为目标函数,对双组分体系下进料流量、床层旋转速度、床层高度、选择性系数对分离效果的影响进行了计算和讨论,结果表明,选择性系数是决定性因素,适当提高床层旋转速度或床层高度可以增大木糖的纯度。     

光催化降解糖蜜酒精废水的研究

研制了对糖厂废水具有较好光催化降解性能的钨酸铋、钨酸铅、二氧化钛等一系列催化剂，比较了催化剂的光催化降解活性，发现光催化降解2h后，糖蜜酒精废水的脱色率可达90.2%，COD去除率可达72.56%。采用紫外-可见光谱、质谱对不同时间段降解的糖蜜酒精废水进行扫描分析，发现废水中难降解的主要物质——荷质比为333左右的分子随光催化降解而显著减少。     

蔗渣活性炭去除糖蜜酒精废水COD的实验研究

通过单因素与正交实验,研究了蔗渣活性炭处理糖蜜酒精废水的工艺条件及其影响因素.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为蔗渣活性炭投加质量0.30 g、吸附时间120 min、溶液的pH=7.3(中性)和温度为30℃(常温),在此条件下糖蜜酒精废水COD去除率达74.3%.     

糖厂废蜜在高炉化学清洗中的应用

介绍了高炉化学清洗的成功经验,并对糖厂废蜜的酸洗缓蚀性能进行初步探讨.     

类Fenton试剂深度处理糖蜜酒精废水

采用单因素试验方法,研究了类Fenton试剂对糖蜜酒精废水深度处理的效果。研究结果表明,类Fenton试剂深度处理糖蜜酒精废水的最佳工艺参数为初始pH=6.0,FeCl3·6H2O的最佳投加量为1000g/m3、3%H2O2的最佳投加量6.7L/m3、慢速搅拌时间为5min。在此条件下,色度和COD的去除率分别为90.35%和77.28%。     

复合半导体光催化降解糖蜜废水研究

以溶胶－凝胶法制备了TiO₂和TiO₂复合半导体粉末,并将之用于糖蜜废水的光催化处理。通过实验考察了催化剂用量、糖蜜废水的浓度、光催化反应时间以及复合半导体对于糖蜜废水脱色率的影响。结果表明,用复合半导体降解糖蜜废水具有理想的处理效果。催化剂最佳用量为（2.7～4.0） g·L^－1,随着反应时间的进行,糖蜜废水脱色率开始时显著增加,后渐趋于平衡。 各种复合半导体中,5%SnO₂/TiO₂光催化处理糖蜜废水的效果最佳,原水样稀释20倍后,反应120 min的脱色率可达61.75％。     

软锰矿氧化脱色降解糖蜜酒精废液

采用软锰矿为氧化剂,在酸性条件下对糖蜜酒精废液进行氧化脱色降解,并同时浸出Mn。考察了反应温度、H2SO4浓度、软锰矿质量浓度等因素对糖蜜酒精废液脱色率、COD去除率和软锰矿中Mn浸出率的影响,并对反应过程机理进行了初步的探讨。结果表明,在Mn浸出量较小的情况下,即可获得较高的脱色率,而COD去除率却随Mn浸出量的增大而提高。在反应后期,部分有机物只能被氧化为有机酸,而不能进一步氧化为CO2。在反应温度90℃,H2SO4浓度1.1 mol/L,软锰矿质量浓度100 g/L,反应时间120 m in及采取二段反应工艺时,糖蜜酒精废液的脱色率可达98.2%,COD去除率达78.5%,软锰矿中Mn浸出率达到92.3%。     

利用甘蔗糖蜜与乳清粉厌氧发酵制备丁二酸

考察了甘蔗糖蜜替代昂贵葡萄糖作为碳源、乳清粉替代大部分酵母粉作为氮源时,对Actinobacillus succinogenes NJ113发酵制备丁二酸的影响。血清瓶厌氧发酵结果证明：对照组（葡萄糖40 g/L）的丁二酸产量仅为26.04 g/L,而以糖蜜为碳源（以总还原糖计算为40 g/L）时,丁二酸产量达到28.27 g/L,比对照组提高了8.57%。在此基础上,以糖蜜为碳源、不同比例的乳清粉和酵母粉为混合氮源发酵制备丁二酸,确定了糖蜜、乳清粉和酵母粉混合使用的最佳浓度分别为40 g/L、8 g/L和2 g/L。此外,在3 L发酵罐体系中添加40 g/L糖蜜、8 g/L乳清粉、2 g/L酵母粉进行发酵试验,实验结果证明：丁二酸终产量达到32.54 g/L,收率达到81.13%。