基于分子印迹的表面等离子共振传感器在食品安全检测中的应用

分子印迹聚合物与表面等离子共振传感器相结合,可用于分子间相互作用和结合特性的研究。该文综述基于分子印迹的表面等离子共振传感器的原理和技术优势,总结食品中农兽药残留、生物毒素以及其他污染物检测的最新研究进展,展望其在食品安全检测中的发展前景,为其开发和应用提供研究思路和理论参考。     

表面功能化银纳米粒子(Ag NPs)在生物传感器构建中的应用

银纳米粒子(silver nanoparticles, Ag NPs)具有消光系数较高、比表面积大、合成成本低、表面可修饰等特性，被广泛用作比色探针构建生物传感器用于食品、药品、环境中危害因子的检测。Ag NPs的表面状态影响生物传感器的选择性、灵敏度、稳定性等，因此，对Ag NPs进行有效地表面功能化尤为重要。采用共价键合功能化、非共价键合功能化或掺杂复合功能化等不同的修饰方法，提高了Ag NPs的稳定性和分析适用性，从而扩宽Ag NPs的应用和研究。该文重点介绍了Ag NPs的表面物理修饰法和化学修饰法以及表面功能化后的Ag NPs在构建荧光生物传感器、比色生物传感器、电化学免疫生物传感器、表面等离子体共振生物传感器中的应用原理，以期为纳米生物传感器的研究发展提供参考。     

表面等离子共振技术及其在食物过敏原检测中的应用

表面等离子共振(SPR)技术是研究分子间及生物大分子稳定性的一种有效的非标记生物物理技术,并已经成功应用于使用简单、快速、无需标记的生物传感器。本文主要介绍了SPR的基本原理,SPR生物传感器的应用特点及设备以及在食物过敏原检测中的应用。已有的研究结果表明,SPR生物传感器在检测牛奶、坚果、鸡蛋和鱼制品中的主要过敏原等方面,具有灵敏度高、准确度高、检测快捷等特点,将发展成为食物过敏原检测的重要技术手段。     

近代联用技术在生物大分子药物研究中应用进展

20世纪90年代以来,随着联用技术和基因研究的发展,生物大分子药物的研究深受化学和医学工作者的关注,成为研究热点之一。本文综述了表面等离子共振-环伏安法(SPR-CV)、生物分子相互作用分析-质谱法(BIA/MS)、微流路芯片毛细管电泳-质谱法(Chip-CE-MS)、离线二维液相色谱综合串联质谱法(2D-LC coupled MS/MS)及液相色谱-质谱-核磁共振(LC-MS-NMR)联用技术在生物大分子药物中的研究应用进展。这些联用技术的应用将为生物大分子药物的研究开发开拓广阔的前景。     

近代联用技术在生物大分子药物研究中应用进展

20世纪90年代以来,随着联用技术和基因研究的发展,生物大分子药物的研究深受化学和医学工作者的关注,成为研究热点之一.本文综述了表面等离子共振-环伏安法(SPR-CV)、生物分子相互作用分析-质谱法(BIA/MS),微流路芯片毛细管电泳-质谱法(Chip-CE-MS)、离线二维液相色谱综合串联质谱法(2D-LC coupled MS/MS)及液相色谱-质谱-核磁共振(LC-MS-NMR)联用技术在生物大分子药物中的研究应用进展.这些联用技术的应用将为生物大分子药物的研究开发开拓广阔的前景.     

基于纳米材料的可视化比色检测技术在食源性致病菌检测中的应用研究进展

食源性致病菌是一类以食物为载体,引起人体急、慢性中毒,给人们的生命健康带来损害的致病性细菌。传统的食源性致病菌检测方法通常耗时费力且价格昂贵。基于纳米材料的可视化比色检测技术灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简单、快速可靠,引起了人们的广泛关注。一些纳米材料具有类似过氧化物酶的活性,在其表面性质发生改变后会发生相应的颜色变化,还有一些自身色彩明艳的纳米材料,可通过特异性结合在食源性致病菌的表面实现比色信号的放大。该文综述了近几年基于纳米材料的可视化比色检测技术在食源性致病菌中的应用及这些可视化比色检测技术的优缺点,以期对新的可视化比色检测技术的构建和开发提供参考。     

美国开发出生物传感技术可以检测食品抗热毒素

美国农业部农业研究服务中心(ARS)的化学家日前开发出生物传感技术。依靠此技术，可以检测食品，如火腿、牛奶和蛋类等食品中的抗热毒素。科学家在研究中利用了葡萄球菌(能产生引起肠胃炎的毒素)和表面胞质基因共振(SPR)检测毒素。SPR利用光反射金属薄膜，这些膜上会附上毒素和抗毒素抗体分子。当这些分子黏合在薄膜表面时，他们能改变光折射的路线，这些光强度的变化，可以通过光感检测器监控，     

表面等离子共振生物传感器在食品检测中的应用现状

表面等离子共振(SPR)生物传感器可实现免标记、实时、高灵敏度、定量、同时动态监测多个生物分子间的相互作用情况。近年来,SPR传感技术在食品安全检测、环境监测、医学诊断等方面的应用快速发展。本文简述了SPR生物传感器的基本原理,重点展示SPR生物传感器近年来在食品检测,主要包括食品品质、成分、安全等方面的应用,特别是致病菌、过敏原等方面的应用现状。     

基于氧化石墨烯的表面增强拉曼光谱技术在食品污染物检测中的应用

表面增强拉曼光谱(surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, SERS)通过吸附表面的目标分子来增强拉曼散射,能够以高灵敏度、高特异性和高选择性检测目标分子,已成为快速检测食品污染物的一种常见技术。SERS技术的发展很大程度上依赖于SERS基底的构建与发展,常用的SERS基底材料主要为贵金属(Au、Ag和Cu),并且氧化石墨烯(graphene oxide, GO)也是一种具有拉曼活性的探针分子,可通过与贵金属的协同作用来增强表面增强拉曼光谱的信号,此外GO材料本身的自清洁性、稳定性和优越的分子吸附特性等,使得基于GO的SERS生物传感器的开发成为研究的热点。本文系统地介绍了GOSERS基底材料,综述了其在多种农药、霉菌毒素和非法添加剂等食品污染物检测中的研究应用,并对其应用进行总结和前景展望。本文旨在为GO SERS传感器的应用研究提供参考。     

纳米金比色法在食品安全检测中的应用研究进展

纳米金粒子具有独特的物理、化学特性及较好的生物相容性,是目前现有的纳米材料中应用和研究最多的材料之一,其在诸多领域如生物传感器、表面电化学分析、免疫分析、药物传递以及治疗等方面都具有广阔的应用前景。纳米金具有极高的消光系数和强烈的粒子间距效应,其在分散状态下呈红色,变为交联团聚状态后呈蓝色,依据该特性建立了各种各样的纳米金比色快速检测方法。由于纳米金比色法具有操作简便、成本低廉、结果肉眼可见且灵敏度较高等优点,近年来在分析化学尤其是快速检测领域发展迅速,许多影响食品安全的有害物质可通过直接或间接作用影响纳米金的聚合状态,从而使纳米金比色法在食品安全检测中的应用成为可能。本文综述了纳米金比色法的原理及其在食品安全各类污染物中的检测应用,并总结了该方法面临的问题,提出了将来的发展方向。     

LSPR-based colorimetric biosensing for food quality and safety

Ensuring consistently high quality and safety is paramount to food producers and consumers alike. Wet chemistry and microbiological methods provide accurate results, but those methods are not conducive to rapid, onsite testing needs. Hence, many efforts have focused on rapid testing for food quality and safety, including the development of various biosensors. Herein, we focus on a group of biosensors, which provide visually recognizable colorimetric signals within minutes and can be used onsite. Although there are different ways to achieve visual color-change signals, we restrict our focus on sensors that exploit the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon of metal nanoparticles, primarily gold and silver nanoparticles. The typical approach in the design of LSPR biosensors is to conjugate biorecognition ligands on the surface of metal nanoparticles and allow the ligands to specifically recognize and bind the target analyte. This ligand–target binding reaction leads to a change in color of the test sample and a concomitant shift in the ultraviolet-visual absorption peak. Various designs applying this and other signal generation schemes are reviewed with an emphasis on those applied for evaluating factors that compromise the quality and safety of food and agricultural products. The LSPR-based colorimetric biosensing platform is a promising technology for enhancing food quality and safety. Aided by the advances in nanotechnology, this sensing technique lends itself easily for further development on field-deployable platforms such as smartphones for onsite and end-user applications.     

多种致病菌同步检测方法的研究进展

概述了致病菌检测的对象,包括细菌菌群的形态及细菌本身、细菌的DNA、细菌的代谢物;同时介绍了可同步检测多种致病菌的方法,主要有电化学DNA传感器、适配体电化学传感器、免疫传感器检测技术、多重PCR检测、表面增强拉曼光谱检测;最后总结检测方法未来的发展方向。     

表面等离子共振技术在真菌毒素检测中的应用研究进展

真菌毒素污染的食品严重影响人类的健康,对真菌毒素的监测与防控是构建食品安全保障体系的重要一环。表面等离子共振(surface plasmon resonance,SPR)生物传感器以快速、免标记、高通量、高灵敏等优点,已广泛应用在药物筛选、食品检测、环境监测、临床诊断等领域。本文就SPR生物传感器在食品中真菌毒素快速筛查方面的应用研究进行了综述。     

Rapid point-of-need detection of bacteria and their toxins in food using gold nanoparticles

Biosensors need to meet the rising food industry demand for sensitive, selective, safe, and fast food safety quality control. Disposable colorimetric sensors based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and localized surface plasmon resonance are low-cost and easy-to-perform devices intended for rapid point-of-need measurements. Recent studies demonstrate various facile and versatile AuNPs-based analytical platforms for the detection of bacteria and their toxins in milk, meat, and other foods. In this review, we introduce the general characteristics and mechanisms of AuNPs calorimetric biosensors, and highlight optimizations needed to strengthen and improve the quality of devices for their application in food matrices.     

Gold nanoparticle films as sensitive and reusable elemental mercury sensors

We demonstrate the utility of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the basis of a stand-alone, inexpensive, and sensitive mercury monitor. Gold nanoparticles absorb visible light due to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), and the absorbance changes when mercury combines with the gold nanoparticles. The sensitivity of the peak absorbance is proportional to the surface-area-to-volume ratio. We chose 5 nm spheres because they have the largest surface-area-to-volume ratio while still having a peak absorption in the visible range. The adsorption of 15 atoms of Hg causes a 1 nm shift in the LSPR wavelength of these particles. Assembled into a film using the Langmuir-Blodgett method, the AuNP LSPR can be tracked with a simple UV-vis spectrometer. The rate of shift in the peak absorbance is linear with mercury concentrations from 1 to 825 μg(Hg)/m(air)(3). Increasing the flow velocity (and mass transfer rate) increases the peak shift rate making this system a viable method for direct ambient mercury vapor measurements. Regeneration of the sensing films, done by heating to 160 °C, allows for repeatable measurements on the same film.     

Determination of concentration and binding affinity of antibody fragments by use of surface plasmon resonance

An assay method using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor has been developed that allows quantitative measurement of the specific antibody concentration in crude materials. By injecting non-labeled antibody samples onto a biosensor surface on which antigen was immobilized at high densities, the concentration of active antibodies can be accurately measured. To clarify applicability of this method to pharmacokinetic studies, the concentration of active antibodies in mouse plasma was measured for 4 h after injection of antibodies in mice. Although this period of measurement might be insufficient for determining the pharmacokinetics of blood pool clearance, this method has some advantages over conventional methods in measurement of single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) concentrations. Using the SPR biosensor, scFv and antibodies without epitope tag peptides were easily detected in real time, requiring as little as 20 mul of blood sample. Moreover, from the apparent dissociation rate in the dissociation phase of the sensorgrams, we could identify whether the antibody fragments existed as bivalent or monovalent in animal blood. We also evaluated the antigen binding activity of the scFvs against human CD47 and found scFvs had slightly weak affinity to their antigen (K(D), about 10 nM) compared with F(ab')2 and Fab' fragments (K(D), about 3-4 nM). This assay method promises to be a convenient tool for quality control, screening, and simple pharmacokinetic analysis of antibody fragments and other recombinant proteins not having epitope tags.     

基于核酸适配体的生物传感技术检测食源性致病菌研究进展

食品供应的全球化导致食源性疾病传播快、分布广,严重威胁人类健康。病原检测需要特异性强和灵敏度高的方法。核酸适配体是可以识别并与多种类型靶标分子的单链DNA或RNA。基于核酸适配体的生物传感器特异性好、灵敏度高、易储存。为食源性致病菌快速检测提供了新的方法。本文介绍了核酸适配体的特点和筛选技术,综述了基于适配体的电化学、比色、荧光、表面增强拉曼散射和质量生物传感器技术的基本原理及其在食源性致病菌检测中的应用,以期为开发高效、精准检测食源致病菌技术提供参考。     

果蔬中农药残留快速检测法研究进展

本文主要阐述了活体检测法、化学速测法、酶抑制原理速测法、免疫学技术、纳米金技术、色谱技术、表面等离子共振生物传感技术、红外光谱快速检测技术在果蔬农药残留快速检测中的应用现状和发展前景。     

Detection of ractopamine residues in pork by surface plasmon resonance-based biosensor inhibition immunoassay

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor inhibition immunoassay for determination of ractopamine (Rac) residue in pork was constructed by immobilising Rac derivative on the SPR-2004 biosensor chip. After extraction with perchloric acid, pork sample was cleaned by ethyl acetate and analyzed by SPR-2004 biosensor. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.6 μg/kg for pork sample. Recoveries of Rac were higher than 80% with relative standard deviations below 10%. Although the same pretreatment was applied for both the UPLC–MS/MS and the biosensor, the biosensor showed little matrix interference by constructing pure solution and matrix-match calibration curves. Compared with Biacore Q made by Biacore AB, SPR-2004 biosensor made by Chinese Academy of Sciences which is of low cost and showed minimal matrix interferences. Accordingly, this biosensor was a promising screening instrument to be used for detection of ractopamine in supermarkets, food factories and food regulatory organisations.     

SPR生物传感器高通量检测多种食源性 致病菌的研究

目的 建立一种基于表面等离子共振技术 (Surface Plasmon Resonance technology,SPR)原理的生物传感器方法,实现11种常见致病菌的高通量检测。方法 用表面自组装技术(self-assembled monolayer,SAM)在金膜表面引入羧基,然后通过氨-羧基反应将5’端标记有氨基的探针固定在芯片表面,经多重PCR扩增出的产物变性、杂交、生物素-亲和素系统信号放大等步骤完成目的片段的检测。对所建立的多重PCR-SPR检测方法的灵敏性、特异性等技术指标进行评价。 结果 本研究建立的多重PCR-SPR检测方法具有良好的灵敏性,该芯片检测11种常见致病菌的灵敏性均达到103~104,能满足现有检测要求。通过对实验室保存的14株标准菌株和沙门氏菌等90份样品分离株进行检测,结果显示该检测方法具有较好的特异性,无交叉反应。结论 本研究建立的多重PCR-SPR 检测系统具有良好的灵敏性和特异性,完全适用于11种致病菌的高通量检测。该检测方法检测时间短、检测成本低、减少了人为因素的影响,具有良好的应用前景。