脂肪醇醚磺酸盐类表面活性剂的合成进展

综述了国内外不同工艺路线:卤化脂肪醇醚法、烯基加成法、丙烷磺内酯法、羟乙基磺酸钠法、脂肪醇醚硫酸酯盐转化法和氯乙基磺酸钠法等合成脂肪醇醚磺酸盐类阴离子表面活性剂的研究工作,并从反应路线、产率、原料性能及工艺流程等方面进行了分析比较,讨论了各工艺中存在的问题及工业化的可行性。     

驱油用脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐研究进展

介绍了卤化脂肪醇醚法、烯烃加成法、硫酸酯盐转化法和羟乙基磺酸钠法合成脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐的路线、工艺特点及优缺点,剖析了其泡沫性能的影响因素,耐温、耐盐耐钙性能的研究现状。脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐类阴-非离子表面活性剂适用于高温、高矿化度油藏条件的开采,具有常规表面活性剂的多种优良性能,在油田开采中具有广阔的发展空间。     

烷基醇/酚醚磺酸盐类表面活性剂的应用研究进展

介绍了烷基醇/酚醚磺酸盐类表面活性剂的表面性能,界面性能、泡沫性能、润湿反转性能以及耐盐耐钙等应用性能,并概括了相应的影响因素;同时探讨了这类表面活性剂在石油行业的应用认为这类表面活性剂在高温、高矿化度油藏开发领域有广阔的应用前景.     

异构醇型特种表面活性剂的合成及应用

介绍了异构醇型表面活性剂的种类、合成方法及物化性能,综述了异构醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、异构醇醚琥珀酸酯磺酸盐、异构醇聚醚羧酸盐在纺织、造纸、电镀和日化等行业的应用。     

磺酸盐类表面活性剂的合成和应用现状

本文综述了磺酸盐类表面活性剂的合成路线及其研究现状,并对脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐表面活性剂、芳基或脂肪醇醚磺酸盐表面活性剂的合成进行了重点介绍。我国应大力开发原料易得、活性高的脂肪醇醚磺酸盐、脂肪酸酯磺酸盐表面活性剂,注重具有新颖结构、独特性能的AOT型和Gemini型表面活性剂的研究以适应更广泛的需求。     

磺酸盐表面活性剂研究进展

综述了磺酸盐表面活性剂的研究现状和正在开发的新品种,并对其合成技术路线和方法进行了概述,尤其是对链烃磺酸盐、脂肪酸酯磺酸盐、双芳环醚磺酸盐、二聚磺酸盐表面活性剂的合成和性质进行了重点介绍。我国应大力开发原料易得、活性高的脂肪酸磺酸盐、脂肪醇醚磺酸盐表面活性剂,注重结构新颖、性能独特的Gem in i表面活性剂的基础研究以适应各行业的需求。引用文献41篇。     

磺酸盐表面活性剂研究进展(一)

主要概述了磺酸盐类表面活性剂的合成方法。并对脂肪酸酯磺酸盐、芳基和脂肪醇醚磺酸盐表面活性剂及Gemini型磺酸盐表面活性剂的合成进行了重点介绍,同时综述了磺酸盐表面活性剂的结构与性能的关系。我国应大力开发原料易得、活性高的脂肪醇醚磺酸盐、脂肪酸酯磺酸盐表面活性剂及Gemini型表面活性剂以适应更广泛的需求。     

烷基醇(酚)聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐合成的研究进展

根据磺化剂种类(亚硫酸盐、磺烷基化剂和三氧化硫)的不同,综述了烷基醇(酚)聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐的合成研究进展,并且对各合成路线中存在的问题和工业化的可行性进行了探讨。     

“全国农药加工新技术交流推广会”会议资料摘抄

1.农乳2000~＃的合成及应用农乳2000~＃,化学名称为丁二酸(烷基苯基聚氧乙基醚)单酯磺酸盐,是阴离子表面活性剂。其合成路线主要分两步:     

聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐类表面活性剂的合成与性能

聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐类表面活性剂是在磺酸盐型表面活性剂的疏水基与亲水基之间嵌入含有聚氧乙烯链段的新型表面活性剂。根据国内外相关文献报道,对聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐类表面活性剂的合成工艺与性能研究进行了综述,并探讨了这类表面活性剂在原油开采中的应用前景。指出该类表面活性剂进一步研究的重点:开发和设计聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐类表面活性剂的绿色合成工艺路线,以便工业化生产;加强疏水基团类型和EO链节数目对该类表面活性剂性能的影响研究,寻求综合性能较合适的疏水基团和EO链节数目组合;研究聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐类表面活性剂与其他表面活性剂的复配,拓展其在三次采油及其他领域中的应用。     

Ethersulfonate auf Basis ungesättigter Fettalkohole – eine neue Tensidklasse

Ether Sulfonates Basing on Unsaturated Fatty Alcohols – A New Tenside Type Alkenylpolyglycolalkylethers of the general form R-O-(CH₂-CH₂-O)_n-R′ (R = unsaturated fatty alkyl residue; R′ = alkyl group C₁-C₁₀) lead after sulfonation with a SO₃ air mixture, subsequent neutralization and alkaline pressure hydrolysis to a mixture of ether sulfonates. Sulfonation was carried out in a laboratory fall film reactor and optimized with respect to the SO₃/ ether ratio. Basing on the thus obtained results this reaction could be carried out in a continuous pilot sulfonation plant (through put: 50 kg ether/h). The new ether sulfonates are a very variable tenside type where different properties of application can be chosen in dependence on the ratio of hydrophobic to hydrophilic molecule parts.     

NMR study on sulfonation of internal olefins

Terminal olefins can be converted into the corresponding sulfonates by sulfonation with SO₃ followed by hydrolysis, the products are used as detergent ingredients. Although internal olefins were also expected to be good feed stocks, it was difficult to convert them into the corresponding sulfonates with as good of a yield as that of terminal olefins under the same synthesis conditions. Our studies have been carried out in order to clarify the reason for poorer conversion of the internal olefins. It was found by a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study that the major components of the sulfonated intermediate of internal olefins wereβ-sultones, the amounts of which were usually very small in sulfonated terminal olefins. A portion of theseβ-sultones was desulfonated, depending on temperature, to the original olefins and the corresponding sulfate salts during alkaline hydrolysis. The prevention of desulfonation of theβ-sultones in the hydrolysis process was one of the most important aspects for the production of internal olefin sulfonates. Finally, by keeping the hydrolysis temperature below 35°C, the conversion of internal olefins into sulfonates was achieved with the same yield as that of conventional terminal olefins.     

不同腰果酚磺酸盐的合成及界面活性

以天然生物腰果酚为原料,经过磺化和中和两步反应合成了两种腰果酚磺酸盐表面活性剂.FT-IR光谱证实两种腰果酚磺酸盐的化学结构.采用滴体积表面张力仪和全自动旋滴界面张力仪测定了两种腰果酚磺酸盐水溶液的表面张力和油水界面张力,结果表明,两种生物质腰果酚磺酸盐具有良好的表面活性和界面活性,25℃时侧链不饱和的腰果酚磺酸盐和侧链饱和的腰果酚磺酸盐的临界胶束浓度分别为38.1mg/L和28.2mg/L,此浓度下的表面张力分别38.54mN/m和37.35mN/m;饱和腰果酚磺酸盐质量分数高于0.8%时,可将油水界面张力降低至10^-3mN/m,但不饱和腰果酚磺酸盐仅能将油水界面张力降低至10^-1mN/m.侧链饱和的腰果酚磺酸盐的表面活性和界面活性均优于侧链不饱和的腰果酚磺酸盐.     

Investigations on the side reactions in sulfonation reactions-hydrophobic compounds in the unsulfonated oil fraction

Petroleum ether extracts of alkylbenzene sulfonates prepared by sulfur trioxide, oleum, and sulfuric acid were compared. These extracts contained by-products as well as unreacted material. Dialkylbenzene, originally existing in raw alkylbenzene, resisted against sulfonation, especially when sulfur trioxide was used as sulfonating agent. Sulfone formation seemed to occur in the early stage of sulfonation. Sulfonation with sulfuric acid gave different characteristics to the petroleum ether extract compared with two other means.     

Neuere Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet fettchemischer Tenside

New Developments in the Field of Oleochemical Surfactants A large area of application for fats and oils in the technical field is the manufacture of surfactants. The oleochemical industry has long been making intensive efforts to gain a still greater share of the world's surfactant production for oleochemical surfactants. There are some promising conditions to reach this goal. New developments in the field of anionic and nonionic surfactants are summarized in an overview. There will be discussed fatty alcohol sulfates (especially tallow alcohol sulfate), α-sulfo-fatty acid methylesters, acyl cyanamides, non-terminal fatty acid methylester sulfonates (by sulfoxidation of saturated fatty acid methylesters and by SO₃-sulfonation of unsaturated fatty acid esters), oleic acid sulfonates, alkyl- and alkenyl ether sulfonates, hydroxy alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl glucosides, fatty alcohol polyethyleneglycol alkyl ethers and -hydroxyalkyl ethers and narrow range fatty alcohol ethoxylates. The development work on new oleochemical surfactants which has been described permits the conclusion that in future oleochemical surfactants will further increase their share of world surfactant production.     

烷基醇/酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐的性能与应用前景

综述了烷基醇/酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐的表面性能、应用性能和热稳定性以及相应的影响因素;重点介绍了表面活性剂分子结构、无机盐和温度等因素对其表面性能与应用性能的影响以及pH、温度、盐水组成对其稳定性的影响;同时探讨了这类表面活性剂在原油开采中的应用前景和研究方向,认为此类表面活性剂在高温高矿化度的油藏开采中有广阔的应用前景,在分子结构、界面张力、复配性能等方面有非常重要的研究价值。     

脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐的合成及表面、乳化和泡沫性能研究

以脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（3）（AEO-3）为原料、以甲苯为溶剂,首先与金属钠反应生成醇钠,再与2-氯乙基磺酸钠进行Williamson反应合成脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（3）磺酸钠（AESO）。经两相滴定法测定,AESO的产率达80％。经红外光谱表征,纯化后产物与目标化合物的分子结构完全相符,为十二醇聚氧乙烯醚（3）磺酸盐。对产物的表面、乳化和泡沫性能进行测试,结果表明AESO比传统的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐（AES）有更好的表面活性,其最佳的乳化浓度为0．002g·L-1、最佳起泡浓度为1490mg·L-1。     

石油磺酸盐及其与脂肪醇醚磺酸盐复配体系的耐盐性能和界面性能

通过对胜利馏分油的磺化制得一种石油磺酸盐(PS),并对其与不同碳链脂肪醇醚磺酸盐(AnESO,EO=3,n=1214,16,18)复配体系的耐盐(NaCl、CaCl2)性能和界面性能进行了研究。结果表明:(1)PS耐盐性能较差,当NaCl质量浓度达到30 g/L或CaCl2质量浓度达到0.15 g/L时,即有沉淀生成,且与胜利原油间的界面张力值较高(≥10-1 mN/m)。(2)将PS和AnESO以m(PS)∶m(AnESO)=9∶1复配,复配体系的耐盐性能均明显提高。其中PS/A18ESO复配性能最好,复配体系NaCl质量浓度能达到80 g/L,CaCl2质量浓度则达到2.4 g/L;而且界面张力在一定NaCl和CaCl2含量下可以降至10-2 mN/m数量级。     

合成β-萘乙醚的研究进展

β-萘乙醚是一种很好的香料。合成β-萘乙醚催化剂的研究对于p萘乙醚的生产具有重大影响。评述了近年来合成β-萘乙醚的Williamson法和β-萘酚乙醇醚化法。结果表明,固体酸（对甲苯磺酸、三氯化铁、氯化铜、硫酸铝、硫酸铁和硫酸氢钠等）是由β-萘酚和乙醇醚化合成β-萘乙醚的良好催化剂。