两媒质半空间复杂形体电磁散射

本文利用矢量波函数变换方法讨论了两媒质半空间的电磁散射问题，从Ｍａｘｗｅｌｌ方程出发，讨论了单矩法在三维复杂形体散射问题上的实施。并在数学球面上将内部区域的有限元解与外部区域矢量波函数变换的结果相匹配，从而得到复杂埋入体的电磁散射特性。作为检验和示例，本文计算了在平面波照射下自由空间导体球，埋入导体球，埋入介质覆盖钝锥等的散射场，其中一些结果与可供比较的经典解或其它算法的结果进行了比较，吻合较好。     

并行处理技术在电大尺寸复杂目标电磁散射中的应用

虽然快速多极子算法FMM(Fast Multipole Method)和多层快速多极子算法MLFMA(Multi-Level Fast Multipole Algorithm)是解决复杂目标电磁散射问题比较有效的方法,但是当问题的规模较大时,传统的串行FMM 和MLFMA难以胜任.本文在工作站网络系统NOW(Network Of Workstation)上采用并行处理技术来解决电大尺寸复杂目标电磁散射问题.结果表明:本文提出的并行解决方案与国内外相关成果相比不仅更具实用性,并行效率达到54%以上,且解决了串行方法难以解决的电磁散射问题,本文在四台DEC工作站构成的NOW系统上用32小时完成了未知量为160,000的雷达散射截面的计算.     

电大导体目标电磁散射特性的投影迭代法分析

将投影迭代法应用于分析任意二维和三维电大导体目标的电磁散射特性。该方法首先剖分传统矩量法得到的矩阵方程,然后通过投影迭代逐步修正未知电流值,进而计算目标的雷达散射截面。数值计算表明：该方法与传统矩量法计算结果相吻合,计算量大大降低。     

A Novel Method to Analyze Electromagnetic Scattering of Complex Objects

The finite-difference time-domain (FD-TD) method is proposed as a means of accurately computing electromagnetic scattering by arbitrary-shaped extremely complex metal or dielectric objects excited by an external plane wave. In the proposed method, one first uses the FD-TD method to compute the near total fields within a rectangular volume which fully encloses the object. Then, an electromagnetic-field equivalence principle is invoked at a virtual surface of this rectangular volume to transform the tangential near scattered fields to the far field. To verify the feasibility of this method, the surface currents, near scattered fields, far scattered fields, and radar cross section of two canonical two-dimensional objects are presented. For these cases, it is shown that the FD-TD method provides magnitude of current and field predictions which are within ± 2.5 percent and further phase values within ± 30 of values predicted by the method of moments ( MOM) at virtually every point including in shadow regions.     

不规则物体电磁散射的分析

本文分析表面不规则物体电磁波的散射特性，采用程函近似计算了散射强度角分布，结果提示，表面不平度和散射程度局部最大值及后向散射增强效应密切相关。     

Electromagnetic Scattering From Objects Above a Rough Surface Using the Method of Moments With Half-Space Green's Function

An efficient approach is proposed to analyze the electromagnetic scattering from objects above a 2-D perfectly electric conducting rough surface. A half-space Green's function with the rough-surface interface is first derived from the Kirchhoff approximation (KA). The method of moments is then applied to analyze the scattering problem of 3-D arbitrarily shaped objects above the rough surface. Since only the objects need to be discretized, the computational time and memory requirement are greatly reduced. The radar cross sections of typical objects above the rough surface have been computed using the proposed method. Numerical results show that the proposed method has good accuracy in the valid range of KA.     

含复杂细节结构的金属目标电磁散射ACE-MLFMA 分析

多层快速多极子算法(MLFMA)在计算含复杂细节结构目标的散射问题时,求解效率会迅速下降。本文介绍了快 速笛卡尔展开(ACE)算法及其与MLFMA 的结合,使得原先MLFMA 的最细层能够再局部细分,加速了阻抗矩阵的填充 和迭代求解。本文将该混合算法应用于求解含复杂细节结构目标的电磁散射问题,包括具有尖端的杏仁核和由复杂带线 结构构成的频率选择表面,计算实例验证了该方法求解效率的提高和内存开销的减少,以及算法的可靠性和高效性。     

地下目标的瞬态电磁散射特性分析及成像

地下目标的瞬态电磁散射分析对于探测、检验及识别埋地目标，特别是冲击探地雷达的研究具有重要的理论和应用价值。本文用FDTD三维建模计算在收发天线作用下地下无限长管道的时域散射场，重点探讨适用于吸收土壤中凋落波的GPML吸收边界以及处理有耗色散媒质的(FD)^2TD算法，并利用所得数据进行成像分析。BP方法成像结果证明了整个模拟计算过程的正确性。     

E-P-AMCBFM分析介质与PEC混合体的电磁散射

使用基于表面积分方程的矩量法来分析介质与理想导体混合体的电磁散射是计算电磁学的一大热点。对理想导体目标体表面建立电场积分方程,在介质目标体表面建立PMCHW方程组,与基于矩阵分块技术的自适应修正特征基函数法结合,对介质涂敷理想导体目标体的电磁散射进行分析,将其称之为EFIE-PMCHW-AMCBFM(E-P-AMCBFM)。并讨论不同参数如基函数阶数,矩阵块间重叠区域等对计算效率的影响,数值结果表明E-P-AMCBFM对于处理介质-理想导体混合体的电磁散射问题具有较高的精度和效率。     

手征材料涂覆导体目标电磁散射特性的PO分析

从Maxwell方程出发 ,推导出平面波照射下手征介质涂覆导体目标表面等效电磁流的一般表达式 ,并基于切平面近似 ,给出了计算手征介质涂覆导体目标电磁散射的物理光学 (PO)解。在此基础上 ,计算了T形结构及锥柱结构的散射特性 ,分析了手征材料参数对电磁散射的影响 ,得到了一些有益的结果。为电大尺寸手征介质涂覆导体目标电磁散射特性的快速估计提供了一种有效的手段     

基于阻抗边界条件建模的涂敷目标电磁散射分析

针对飞行器上常用的涂敷吸波材料结构开展电磁散射数值建模和散射特性分析。利用涂敷结构表面电磁场的阻抗边界条件,建立表面电流和表面磁流的新型积分方程形式,并利用快速算法进行求解。数值结果表明:该型积分方程在不增加额外计算量和存储量的条件下,显著改善了迭代求解收敛性,为复杂涂敷结构的电磁散射分析提供了快速、可靠的技术途径。     

An Improved Weak-Form BCGS-FFT Combined With DCIM for Analyzing Electromagnetic Scattering by 3-D Objects in Planarly Layered Media

Fast algorithms for electrically large objects buried in layered media are mainly hindered by two time-consuming processes. One is the table filling of Green's function, and the other is the solving of the impedance matrix equation. For the first, to accelerate the evaluation of the time-consuming Sommerfeld integral in the dyadic Green's function (DGF), the discrete complex image method (DCIM) is introduced to get a closed-form DGF. To further accelerate the calculation of DGF for the volume electric field integral equation (EFIE), DGF is split before applying DCIM. For the second, the iterative solver stabilized biconjugate gradient fast Fourier transform (BCGS-FFT) is combined with DCIM for solving the matrix equations. Meanwhile, the closed-form DGF enables the "spherical-mean" Green's function, which eliminates the singularity of Green's function. Numerical results show that the weaker singularity results in a faster and steadier convergence rate for iterative solvers     

地面复杂目标宽带电磁散射特性分析

提出运用FDTD计算地面复杂目标宽带电磁散射特性的方法.首先分析地面的散射,并建立复杂目标的FDTD模型,再将地面的散射场与入射场视为两个激励场作用于目标,从而得到地面背景下目标的散射场.运用此方法计算了地面卡车的电磁散射特性,并与实测结果作了对比,两者比较吻合.     

改进的物理光学法分析远场目标的电磁散射特性

提出一种改进的物理光学(PO)法来计算远场目标的电磁散射特性.这种方法通过严格的积分变换,经过详细推导,给出了目标单站RCS表达式,可以有效地处理任意外形的纯导体的雷达散射截面计算问题.通过Stokes变换,传统PO表达式中面积分转换为线积分,使得计算效率明显提高.通过一个金属圆形平板和一个金属三角板的算例演示,验证了新方法和PO的精度是相当的.最后,还展示了一个3维的例子.     

Broadband Müller-MLFMA for Electromagnetic Scattering by Dielectric Objects

The multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is very efficient for solving large-scale electromagnetic scattering problems. However, at low frequencies, or when the discretization is small compared with the wavelength, both the MLFMA and the underlying integral equation formulation typically suffer from a subwavelength breakdown. For the electromagnetic scattering from a homogeneous dielectric object, we obtain a stable and well-conditioned surface integral formulation using a variant of the classical Muumlller formulation and linear basis functions. To overcome the subwavelength breakdown of the MLFMA, we use both propagating and evanescent plane waves to represent the fields. The implementation is based on a combination of the spectral representation of the Green's function and Rokhlin's translation formula. We also present a new interpolation scheme for the evanescent part, which significantly improves the error-controllability of the MLFMA-implementation. Several numerical results verify both the error-controllability and scalability of the proposed algorithm     

应用空域分解法分析复杂目标的散射特性

本文讨论了几种散射体的空域分法的迭代形式。考虑到散射体的某一子域和几个了域产生的散射场有解析表达式或较高精度的近似解，给出三种迭代方式，以进一步减少存贮量和计算量。     

Electric Field Integral Equations for Electromagnetic Scattering Problems With Electrically Small and Electrically Large Regions

Numerically stable electric field integral equations (EFIE) are presented for electromagnetic scattering problems that may include both electrically small geometrically complex and electrically large regions. A reduced integrand is achieved by implementing quasi-static assumptions in the electrically small regions, full-wave methods in the electrically large regions, and applying appropriate coupling relations between the regions. Use of the method provides computational efficiency as well as insight into the conditions under which the electromagnetic fields within electrically small regions of the problem can be assumed to be primarily capacitive or inductive in nature. The theoretical development of the method is highlighted in this communication and then applied to examples of electrically small, inductively-loaded, and capacitively-loaded monopole antennas. The accuracy of the results is verified with two independent methods.     

相邻目标电磁散射特性的研究

本文研究了植被环境中相邻两目标的电磁散射问题.在互易原理的基础上,得到了计入相邻目标二次散射的散射场的积分表达式.推导得出了相邻有限长导体圆柱的二次散射场的闭式解,分析计算了其前向散射特性,并与矩量法的数值结果进行了比较.     

金属介质混合目标散射分析的快速偶极子法

基于等效偶极矩法,该文利用快速偶极子法用于快速计算金属介质混合目标的电磁散射。通过分组技术和简单的泰勒级数展开,将远场组之间的矩阵向量积自然地转化为聚集-转移-发散的形式,实现了矩阵向量积的快速计算。另一方面,由于远场组之间的互阻抗元素不用存储,大大降低了内存消耗。在仿真分析中,为了进一步快速计算近场组中的互阻抗元素,还采用了等效偶极矩法。数值结果表明该方法具有较高的计算效率和令人满意的数值精度。