Sol—gel工艺制无支撑γ—Al2O3分离膜

本文以异丙醇铝为原料，采用Ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ工艺制备了无支撑γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷分离膜，制得孔半径为２．５ｍｍ，孔隙率为４５％，比表面积为１５０ｍ＾２／ｇ的γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３膜。并用ＩＲ，ＸＲＤ，ＤＴＡ／ＴＧ等手段分析了水解产物，干凝胶膜的物相随水解温度，热处理温度的变化，同时研究了膜的热处理温度对膜的孔径，孔隙率的影响。结果表明水解温度低于７０℃时产物中出现的β－Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３不利于形成溶胶；γ－ＡｌＯＯ     

溶胶—凝胶法合成了BaAl2Si2O8超细粉末的研究

以Ｂａ（ＯＨ）２．８Ｈ２Ｏ，Ａｌ（ＮＯ３）３．９Ｈ２Ｏ，ＴＥＯＳ为原料，采用溶胶－凝胶法制备ＢａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２三元系粉末，研究了不同因素对生成稳定溶胶和胶化时间的影响，用ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ，ＸＲＤ研究了溶胶－凝胶的热处理过程，用ＴＥＭ观察了粉体的粒径。     

γ—Al2O3膜的制备及表征

本文研究了异丙醇铝在一定条件下水解制备γ－ＡｌＯＯＨ溶胶的影响因素，探索出制备稳定，清澈γ－ＡｌＯＯＨ溶胶的最佳条件，并研究了从γ－ＡｌＯＯＨ溶胶制备氧化铝膜的影响因素，通过实验测出所制氧化铝膜的比表面积和孔径分布。     

微孔TiO陶瓷膜的制备和性能和初步研究

采用溶胶－－凝胶工艺制备了担载锐钛矿型ＴｉＯ２陶瓷膜,制备溶胶时所加ＣＨ３ＣＯＯＨ起控制Ｔｉ（ＯＣ４Ｈ９）４强列水解的作用,加入量为：ＣＨ３ＣＯＯＨ／Ｔｉ（ＯＨ４Ｈ９）４＝８－１２,溶胶粘度４－６Ｐａ．ｓ,浸渍时间２０－２５ｓ,真空干燥,热处理温度４００℃,性能表征结果：三次涂膜孔径０．１７μｍ、孔径分布狭窄,耐酸碱性好,再生恢复率９７．１％。     

溶胶—凝胶法制备超滤Al2O3膜的研究：I勃姆石溶胶的制备

本文通过用异丙醇铝水解的溶胶—凝胶法制备了勃姆石溶胶。对其制备过程的主要影响因素—胶溶剂种类及其用量、水解温度及加水量、老化温度及老化时间等进行了研究,探索出了制备稳定、清澈的勃姆石溶胶（ 也称为铝溶胶） 的最佳条件,并对勃姆石溶胶的性质进行了探讨。证实勃姆石胶粒带正电荷,发现勃姆石溶胶稳定存在的ｐＨ 值为３ ．５ ～４ ．１ 。配性太强,溶胶粘度过大易胶凝;酸性太弱,得不到完全胶溶稳定的溶胶。勃姆石溶胶和凝胶之间可以相互转化并没有明显界限     

勃姆石分解制ρ—Al2O3结合剂的研究

研究了以勃姆石为原料快速分解制取ρ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的方法，探讨了原料在炉中停留时间，最佳分解温度及加料速度，对ρ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的性能鉴定及耐火浇注料的试验结果表明：这种ρ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的相组成与用Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３分解所得的ρ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３不同，但同样可用作优质浇注粒的     

溶胶-凝胶法制备γ-氧化铝膜的微观结构

用溶胶－凝胶法制备了γ－氧化铝膜,发现γ－氧化铝膜呈（１１０）择优取向,前体勃母石凝胶膜的择优取向越明显、焙烧温度越高,形成的γ－氧化铝膜的择优取向现象越明显,７００℃是合适的熔烧温度,焙烧时间以１．５￣３ｈ为宜,择优取向现象的存在对γ－氧化铝膜有利（１１０）择优取向现象越明显,膜孔结构越均匀,孔径分布越窄,７００℃焙烧形成的γ－氧化铝膜比表面积为２０２ｍ＾２／ｇ,孔径范围１￣５ｎｍ,占孔体积９０     

溶胶－凝胶法制备莫来石晶须

用正硅酸乙酯、硝酸铝为原料，采用溶胶－凝胶工艺制备了Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３－ＳｉＯ＿２干凝胶，通过高温热处理制得了直径为０．５～２．５μｍ，长径比为５～４０的莫来石晶须。采用ＸＲＤ，ＳＥＭ，ＴＥＭ和ＳＡＤＰ等手段研究了莫来石晶须的晶相组成、形貌与生长方向，发现莫来石晶须是沿其ｃ轴方向生长的。用４ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ＿３·Ｈ＿２Ｏ催化的Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３－ＳｉＯ＿２溶胶的凝胶化时间越短，经高温热处理后莫来石晶须含量越高。     

热处理对氮化铝粉末抗水性的影响

研究了氮化铝粉末在水蒸气／水环境中的化学稳定性，探讨了热处理地氮化铝粉末抗水性的影响，热力学计算结果表明，氮化铝粉末即使在较低温度下也极易与空气中的水蒸气发生水妥反应，分解为非晶态的ＡｌＯＯＨ，Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３晶相和ＮＨ３。水蒸气分压越高，水解反应趋势越强。     

柠檬酸盐法合成γ—LiAlO2超微粉

以ＬｉＮＯ３，Ａｌ（ＮＯ３）３．９２ＨＯ和柠檬酸为原料合成γ－ＬｉＡｌＯ３超微粉。对合成的材料进行了ＴＧ，ＤＴＡ，ＸＲＤ和ＴＥＭ等表征，结果表明，焙烧温度在５５０℃以试样基本恒重。５６２℃有一相变峰，生成纯相γ－ＬｉＡｌＯ２超微粉。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。