一种辐照交联阻燃热收缩标识套管及其制备方法

由广州凯恒科塑有限公司申请的专利（专利号CN100387646,公开日期2007-01—17）“一种辐照交联阻燃热收缩标识套管及其制备方法”,涉及的阻燃热收缩标识套管以乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、EPR、阻燃剂十溴二苯乙烷、三氧化二锑、表面活化处理过的超细氢氧化镁及其它助剂为原料,经混炼造粒、挤出成型、辐照交联、扩张定型、整平处理等工序制得。     

新型高分子记忆材料

吉林大学开发出了一种柔软、阻燃、防水、耐腐蚀的高分子记忆材料。它是利用特种结晶和半结晶高分子材料和特种橡胶以及改性无机填料和合成低聚物共混，经过Co辐射源或电子加速器辐照后具有形状记忆效应的原理，采用橡塑-低聚物共混及特种改性无机填料、阻燃剂共混的方法制备母料，然后利用辐照源辐射进行交联制备的。     

黑龙江成立绿色阻燃技术联盟

<正>黑龙江省紫外光辐照交联及绿色阻燃材料产业技术创新战略联盟日前在哈尔滨理工大学成立。联盟联合该产业的24家上下游企业、高校及科研单位,将共同形成并壮大黑龙江省紫外光辐照交联及绿色阻燃材料产业链条。紫外光辐照交联及绿色阻燃材料可广泛应用于风力发电、光伏发电和核电站等特种电线电缆领域,具有     

膨胀型无卤阻燃材料的制备及其辐照交联工艺研究

采用乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)作为无卤阻燃材料的基体,在基体材料中加入聚磷酸铵(APP)、双季戊四醇(DPER)复配组成的膨胀型阻燃体系以及硅酸盐类阻燃协效剂沸石(ZEO)和蒙脱土(MMT),熔融共混制备了EVA/APP/DPER/ZEO/MMT无卤阻燃材料,并对该材料进行一定剂量的辐照交联处理,最终得到了一种性能优良的辐照交联膨胀型无卤阻燃材料,可应用于电线电缆领域。     

黑龙江成立绿色阻燃技术联盟

<正>黑龙江省紫外光辐照交联及绿色阻燃材料产业技术创新战略联盟日前在哈尔滨理工大学成立。联盟联合该产业的24家上下游企业、高校及科研单位,将共同形成并壮大黑龙江省紫外光辐照交联及绿色阻燃材料产业链条。紫外光辐照交联及绿色阻燃材料可广泛应用于风力发电、光伏发电和核电站等特种电线电缆领域,具有良好的机械     

电子束辐照对EVA/NBR复合材料结构和性能的影响

利用电子束对乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)与丁腈橡胶(NBR)的共混物进行辐照交联,得到不同共混比例的EVA/NBR复合材料。考察了该复合材料的力学性能、交联度、耐油性、结晶性能及形状记忆性能,并讨论了辐照剂量和共混比例对材料性能的影响。结果表明:电子束辐照提高了EVA/NBR复合材料的力学性能和耐油性,同时降低了材料的结晶性能,这主要是由于辐照诱发了交联反应使材料内部产生了交联结构。通过控制交联度以及结晶相与NBR的比例,能够得到综合性能良好的耐油热收缩材料。     

电子束辐照对乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物/三元乙丙橡胶共混体系性能的影响

通过电子束辐照研究了乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物（EMMA）与三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）不同共混比例材料的力学性能、硬度、交联度、结晶及形状记忆等,考察了辐照剂量和共混组分比例对材料性能的影响。结果表明,辐照提高了共混体系的力学性能和硬度,同时降低了结晶性能,这主要是由于辐照诱发了交联反应,使材料内部产生了交联结构。辐照交联为EMMA/EPDM共混物热收缩材料提供了形状回复的驱动力,但降低了形状固定率,通过控制交联度和结晶相所占比例,能够得到综合性能好的热收缩材料。当EMMA/EPDM（质量比）达到或高于3/7、辐照剂量控制在40~80 k Gy时,能够制备出满足基本要求的热收缩材料。     

无卤阻燃热收缩套管的热稳定性研究进展

综述了红磷、有机磷系及氮系阻燃剂及金属氢氧化物阻燃剂对热收缩套管热稳定性的影响,详细分析了热收缩管的成型工艺过程中热历史及辐照交联过程对产品热性能的影响。提出通过阻燃剂的包覆改性、添加抗氧剂及改进辐照工艺提高无卤阻燃热收缩套管热稳定性的建议。     

形状记忆材料在隔热阻燃防护服中的应用

形状记忆材料（SMMs）作为一种有应用前景的智能材料，在外界的机械、电、磁、光、热、酸碱度等多种刺激后发生记忆响应，近年来被应用到多种防护材料中。文章介绍了形状记忆高分子聚合物及复合形状记忆材料的形状记忆效应和作用机理，介绍了隔热阻燃防护服种类及其性能要求，论述了形状记忆材料在隔热阻燃防护服中的应用，并对形状记忆材料在隔热阻燃防护服应用中的不足与发展方向进行了展望。     

耐油辐照交联无卤阻燃聚烯烃绝缘料的研究

研究了基础树脂、改性材料、阻燃剂、敏化剂、抗氧剂、防老剂、润滑剂、补强剂、填充剂、着色剂等对耐油辐照交联无卤阻燃绝缘料的影响,确立了耐油辐照交联无卤阻燃绝缘料配方。对材料的性能测试与表征结果表明:该无卤阻燃绝缘料的拉伸强度为17.2 MPa,耐油性可通过100℃、70 h试验,烟密度(有焰)为65,氧指数为32%,载荷下伸长率为63%。环保性能符合标准要求。     

Advances in Shape Memory Polyurethanes and Composites: A Review

Polyurethanes are synthetic smart materials having exquisite property to regain original shape from temporary shape when an external force (heat, light, electricity, and entropy driven deformation) is applied. Shape memory polyurethanes have ability to replace shape memory alloys due to cut-rate, easy manufacturing, programing, and high shape recovery ratio. The review focused on polyurethane types exhibiting shape memory effect and various categories of shape memory effects in polyurethane. Moreover, compound structure, modeling structure, applications, and related synthetic methods for shape memory polyurethanes are discussed. The strategies for induction of cross-linking and post cross-linking at high, medium, and low temperature are surveyed.     

主链含亲水基团的聚氨酯力学性能和形状记忆性能的研究

采用自乳化法,用聚酯二元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、乙二胺(EDA)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP),1,4-丁二醇(BDO)等单体合成脂肪族水性聚氨酯。探讨了NCO/OH摩尔比、TMP含量、扩链剂种类对聚氨酯胶膜力学性能和形状记忆性能的影响。结果表明:加入TMP后,聚氨酯形成化学交联,拉伸强度得到改善,并随着TMP含量的增加而增大;由于物理交联与化学交联的协同作用,交联型聚氨酯形状记忆性能良好;当NCO/OH摩尔比为1.4,DMPA含量为6%,TMP含量为1%时,聚氨酯胶膜的形状固定率为87.62%,形状回复率为98.10%。     

Molecular design and properties of intrinsic flame-retardant P-N synergistic epoxy resin

In recent years, the poor weather resistance and aging resistance of additive flame retardants have caused researchers to pay attention to reactive flame retardants. A novel P-N coacting epoxy curing agent with intrinsic flame retardancy was designed and synthesized. The mechanical properties, crosslinking curing properties and flame-retardant properties of intrinsic flame-retardant epoxy resin were characterized. The results show that the cross-linking curing performance of hexa (3,5-diamino-1,2,4 triazolyl)-cyclotriphosphonitrile) (VCP) is lower than that of DDM. This is due to the decrease in cross-linking density caused by the VCP ring molecular structure. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the epoxy resin cured with VCP decreased, but the flame-retardant properties of the material significantly improved. The limiting oxygen index of the VCP/EP flame retardant epoxy thermosets was 27.3%, reaching the UL 94 V-1 level. The peak heat release rate and total heat release rate of the VCP/EP flame retardant epoxy thermosets were significantly reduced. The flame retardancy mechanism was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the intrinsic flame-retardant P-N coacting epoxy resin has excellent curing and flame-retardant properties.     

生物降解性形状记忆聚合物及其在生物医学工程方面的应用

综述了生物降解性形状记忆聚合物如聚乳酸、聚己内酯、聚氨酯等的最新研究进展及其形状记忆机理。聚乳酸、聚己内酯和聚氨酯分别是通过相态转化、物理或化学交联以及相分离来实现形状记忆特性的。着重讨论了生物降解性形状记忆聚合物在生物医学工程领域的应用研究现状,详述了其在药物缓释、医疗器械、骨组织以及手术缝合线方面的医学应用,并展望了生物降解性形状记忆聚合物今后的发展前景。     

硅烷交联HDPE/TPI共混型形状记忆材料的研究

选用HDPE为主体材料 ,采用杜仲胶 (TPI)与之共混并通过硅烷交联的手段制备了形状记忆性能优异的形状记忆材料。研究了TPI含量、交联剂、引发剂和工艺条件等因素对材料形状记忆性能的影响 ;还通过凝胶率测试、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、偏光显微镜 (PLM)等分析手段探讨了结构与性能的关系 ;同时考察了共混材料力学性能及其影响因素 ,确定了硅烷交联HDPE/TPI共混体系主要因素的配方     

Electroactive shape memory performance of polyurethane composite having homogeneously dispersed and covalently crosslinked carbon nanotubes

The electroactive shape memory of carbon nanotube-filled polyurethane composites, prepared by conventional blending, in situ and cross-linking polymerization, is studied in terms of the dispersion of the tubes. The covalently bonded tubes are homogeneously dispersed within the polyurethane by introducing carboxyl groups on the sidewall of the tubes and selecting a cross-linking polymerization method. The resultant composites, which have 92% shape retention and 95% shape recovery, are expected to be used as preferential materials in various actuators.     

形状记忆聚氨酯结构与性能研究进展

分析了影响形状记忆聚氨酯(SMPU)性能的主要因素,综述了SMPU硬段与软段的结构改性、交联改性、复合改性以及防水透湿性能改进等的国内外最新研究进展。     

Thermal cross-linking and anti-meltdrop properties of copolyester containing phosphorus/magnesium salt composites by in situ polymerization

Polyester is widely used in household products because of its good mechanical properties and wears resistance, but polyester is easy to ignite and inclined to produce droplet, so its application range is limited. The cross-linkable magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles were incorporated into flame-retardant polyester, which enables the phosphorus-containing copolyester with thermal cross-linking and anti-meltdrop properties. The nanoparticles were achieved by in situ polymerization and acted as a nucleating agent for improving the crystalline properties of the copolyester. Furthermore, the nanoparticles also enhanced anti-meltdrop properties and reduced the heat and gas release during the combustion process of the copolyester. The maximum heat release rate and total smoke release reduced by 39.8% and 74.4% compared with pure polyester. Specifically, the combustion products of the nanoparticles and phosphorus flame retardant could act a barrier role by covering the carbon layer to isolate air and heat, thereby resulting in excellent anti-meltdrop properties. The simple modification method reported here realizes the collaborative modification of flame retardant and anti-meltdrop properties of phosphorous flame-retardant copolyesters by thermal cross-linking.     

聚磷酸三聚氰胺对玻纤增强PA66的膨胀阻燃作用

采用自制的新型膨胀型阻燃剂——聚磷酸三聚氰胺(MPP)对玻纤增强PA66进行阻燃,以氧指数和垂直燃烧(UL94)评价了其阻燃作用;以热失重测定了材料的热分解性能;以扫描电镜观察了材料残炭的结构;并探讨了MPP阻燃玻纤增强PA66的阻燃机理。试验表明,单一MPP对玻纤增强PA66有良好的阻燃效果,当添加25％时,阻燃材料的氧指数为38,0％,达到UL94V-0级;MPP参与了玻纤增强PA66的降解过程,在材料表面形成了致密的隔热、隔氧的泡沫炭层。     

层压制备交联LDPE及其形状记忆性能的研究

采用层压成型的工艺,在低剪切应力下制备了交联低密度聚乙烯(XLPE)。对XLPE进行了凝胶含量、形状记忆性能与拉伸强度的测试。结果表明:当过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)质量分数为1.0%时,凝胶含量接近70%并趋于稳定,形状回复率达到100%,XLPE的拉伸强度提高。说明组合加工方法可显著提高DCP的交联效率,XLPE的形状回复与力学性能有明显的改进。