产转谷氨酰胺酶链霉菌的发酵罐生产工艺研究

针对研究室分离筛选的链霉菌 (Streptomycessp )WZFF W 12 varMN 3 5发酵生产微生物转谷氨酰胺酶 (MTG) ,首先采用自行设计的 2L小型生化反应器 ,研究以多价胨为主的有机氮源的影响作用 ,并在此基础上逐级扩大发酵罐规模 ,以 8L小型罐及 2 0～ 2 0 0L发酵罐组合并利用在线监控手段直接监测分析环境条件对MTG发酵过程中菌体生长和产酶的影响 ,进一步确定培养条件。研究结果表明 ,以 2 0 0L发酵罐发酵生产MTG时采用两级种子培养 ,氮源采用多价胨和豆饼粉 ,发酵过程中在线控制通气量和搅拌速度分别为 0 9～ 1 1vvm和 3 5 0～ 45 0r/min等优化条件最有利于菌体持续稳定生产MTG ,当发酵至 72h时酶活达到最高 ,在 2 15u/mL以上     

灰轮丝链轮丝菌合成谷氨酰胺转胺酶发酵条件的研究

以灰轮丝链轮丝菌ZY13作为生产菌株,利用液体深层发酵技术生产谷氨酰胺转胺酶.结果表明：在500mL摇瓶中,菌株ZY13的最佳种龄48hr、最佳培养温度28～30℃、培养时间64hr、pH值6.5～7.0、接种量5%～10%、装液量100mL.培养基最佳组合为淀粉30 g/L、蛋白胨35 g/L和酵母膏3g/L.添加硝酸钠有利于MTG的积累,酶活比对照提高了31%.在7.0L台式发酵罐中发酵,适宜的初始pH值7.0,温度30℃,通气量2.0L/min,搅拌转速150r/min.MTG分批发酵与摇瓶相比较,发酵周期缩短了8 hr,菌体细胞干重、酶活和生产强度分别增加了16%、27%和46%.     

S.griseoverticillatum合成谷氨酰胺转胺酶发酵条件的研究

本文以S.griseoverticillatu ZY13作为生产菌株,利用液体深层发酵技术生产谷氨酰胺转胺酶.结果表明在500 mL摇瓶中,菌株ZY13的最佳种龄48 h、最佳培养温度28～30℃、培养时间64 h、pH值6.5～7.0、接种量5%～10%、装液量100 mL.培养基最佳组合为淀粉30 g/L、蛋白胨35 g/L和酵母膏3 g/L.添加硝酸钠有利于MTG的积累,酶活比对照提高了31%.在7.0 L台式发酵罐中发酵,适宜的初始pH值7.0,温度30℃,通气量2.0 L/min,搅拌转速150 r/min.MTG分批发酵与摇瓶相比较,发酵周期缩短了8小时,菌体细胞干重、酶活和生产强度分别增加了16%、27%和46%.     

链霉菌生产谷氨酰胺转胺酶的发酵工艺条件研究

以本实验室从土壤分离并经诱变筛选得到的链霉菌 Streptomyes sp.WZFF.W—12.var MN-35为出发菌株, 首先在摇瓶条件下,对微生物谷氨酰胺转胺酶(MTG)发 酵生产过程中的主要培养基组成、培养条件及各种蛋白 酶抑制剂对菌体生长和产酶能力的影响进行了研究。结 果表明,发酵生产MTG的合适碳氮源分别为可溶性淀 粉与葡萄糖和多价胨,其最佳碳氮比(C/N)为5:5,适宜 的接种龄、接种量、初始pH、培养温度、搅拌速度等工艺 条件分别为24h、7％～10％、pH6.5～7.0、30℃和200r/min, MTG酶活最高可达1.63U/mL。当在优化培养基中进一 步加入一种蛋白酶抑制剂后,酶活又提高了19.0％。在这 些最佳工艺条件下采用简易的小型生化反应器培养该链 霉菌株,酶活稳定在2.0U/mL以上。     

以豆粕粉为氮源的枯草芽孢杆菌液态发酵生产纳豆激酶

枯草芽孢杆菌液态发酵通常采用蛋白胨作为氮源生产纳豆激酶,导致生产成本过高,发酵液中酶活性较低。采用价格低廉的豆粕粉作为氮源不仅大幅度降低了原料成本,而且显著提高了发酵液中的酶活性。在摇瓶实验中优化确定豆粕粉最佳添加量,并在此基础上优化确定了最佳接种量、发酵液初始p H、发酵时间。最终摇瓶发酵液中酶活达到5 471 IU/m L,是等量胰蛋白胨作为氮源发酵的3.6倍。上述摇瓶发酵参数进一步在7 L发酵罐和200 L中试水平发酵罐进行验证,并优化确定发酵过程中控制溶氧水平为30%,纳豆激酶活性分别达到6 717 IU/m L和4 236 IU/m L。     

灵芝菌体液态深层发酵条件的优化

研究摇瓶灵芝菌体液态深层发酵温度和初始pH 值,在此基础上进行5L 发酵罐批次培养,研究发酵过程pH 值控制、溶氧控制对灵芝菌体生长和灵芝胞外多糖的影响。结果表明：发酵温度30℃,初始pH 值为6.0;过程pH 值控制策略：菌体生长前期(0～40h)控制pH 值为5.5,40～48h 控制pH 5.0,48h 后至发酵结束控制pH4.5;溶氧控制策略为：搅拌转速160r/min,通风量0.75vvm。优化后的验证实验结果：灵芝菌体生物量最高达到19.7g/L,胞外多糖最高达到3.23g/L,较优化前灵芝菌体生物量12.8g/L 和灵芝胞外多糖2.39g/L 分别提高了53.9% 和35.1%。     

pH值和初始淀粉质量浓度对发酵生产谷氨酰胺转胺酶的影响

研究了不同的 pH值对谷氨酰胺转胺酶 (MTG)发酵过程中菌体生长和产酶的影响 ,在此基础上探讨了不同初始淀粉质量浓度及中后期碳源流加对发酵过程的影响 .研究结果表明 :pH值对菌体的生长和产酶模式产生明显的影响 ,当发酵过程的 pH值控制在 6 .5时 ,最有利于菌体的生长和酶的合成 ,在此条件下可得到较高的菌体干重 (DCW )和酶活 ;初始淀粉质量浓度以 3g/dL较适宜 ,其DCW和MTG酶活最高 ,DCW为 2 5.1g/L ,酶活水平达 2 .94U /mL ;中后期采用流加碳源的策略使发酵时间比分批发酵最好水平缩短 12h左右 ,酶活提高到 3.0 5U/mL ,各项指标均比分批发酵最好水平有明显的提高 .     

木醋杆菌M096生产细菌纤维素的发酵条件

探讨温度、初始pH值、碳源和氮源对细菌纤维素产量的影响,以确定生产菌株发酵生产细菌纤维素的条件.结果显示,木醋杆菌M096发酵生产细菌纤维素的培养条件是:发酵温度25℃,初始pH值最适范围是5.8～6.6,最佳碳源为蔗糖且最适浓度是8%,最佳氮源为牛肉膏且最适浓度是1.5%.     

嗜热真菌Talaromyces thermophilus F1208产木聚糖酶条件优化

对木聚糖酶嗜热真菌嗜热踝节菌F1208的产酶条件进行优化,经单因素试验及Box-Behnken响应面分析,确定该菌液体发酵培养基,其组成是:碳源为玉米芯粉,碳源粒度24~40目,碳源质量分数5%;氮源为大豆蛋白胨与酵母膏复合氮源(质量比1∶3),氮源质量分数2%;辅助添加物甘油(0.2%);培养基初始pH 6.4。优化后最佳产酶条件是:装液量60 m L,培养温度48℃,摇床转速200 r/min。在此条件下发酵培养7 d,产酶量达3 026.65 U/m L,是初始酶活(960.39 U/m L)的3.15倍,为同类研究中较高水平,具有较好的应用前景。     

1株高产EPS嗜热链球菌的筛选及培养条件优化

为了研究乳酸菌高产EPS的条件,以产EPS量为指标,从8种复合菌株中筛选出1株嗜热链球菌,通过单因素和正交试验对该菌EPS合成培养基中的碳源、氮源、培养条件进行了研究。结果显示:该菌在优化的培养基中EPS生成量可达到145.48mg/L;合成胞外多糖最适培养条件为:接种量2%,初始pH6.5,发酵温度34℃,发酵时间36h。在此条件下EPS生产量可高达270mg/L,提高了116%。因此氮源组合和pH值为影响EPS合成的显著因素(p<0.05)。在恒定pH值条件下发酵培养可以提高EPS的生成量,即474mg/L,又提高了72%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press