Shchelkin’s contribution to spin detonation studies and further development of the spin detonation theory

On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of K. I. Shchelkin, his publications on the detonation spin theory are reviewed. In those publications, he was the first one to indicate the gas-dynamic nature of the phenomenon, predicted the presence of a break on the detonation wave front, and predetermined further studies of the flow structure in the case of spin detonation.     

National Russian Conference on the Occasion of the 60th Anniversary of the Chair of Chemistry,Physics, and Processing of Polymers of Lomonosov Moscow State Academy of Fine Chemical Technology (MSAFCT)

The Scientific Conference was held on December 15, 1993. In addition to the 60th anniversary of the Chair, it was also dedicated to the 95th anniversary of the founder of the Chair, Professor Boris A. Dogadkin, who was a famous Soviet scientist in the area of natural and synthetic rubber. Professor Dogadkin had founded a scientific school in the Soviet Union, and following his ideas many plants had been built to produce synthetic rubber. Participants in the conference were 120 scientists from 20 research centers of the former Soviet Union. Most of these scientists graduated from the Chair of Chemistry, Physics, and Processing of Polymers.     

Fifty years of the inter-society color council. I. Formation and early years

For its 50th anniversary year, the history of the formation and early years of the Inter-Society Color Council is reported.     

Strategies for Interference of Insulin Fibrillogenesis: Challenges and Advances

The discovery of insulin came with very high hopes for diabetic patients. In 2021, the world celebrated the 100th anniversary of the discovery of this vital hormone. However, external use of insulin is highly affected by its aggregating tendency that occurs during its manufacturing, transportation, and improper handling which ultimately leads to its pharmaceutically and biologically ineffective form. In this review, we aim to discuss the various approaches used for decelerating insulin aggregation which results in the enhancement of its overall structural stability and usage. The approaches that are discussed are broadly classified as either a measure through excipient additions or by intrinsic modifications in the insulin native structure.     

“玉钵”简介

“玉钵”是2006（第十届）上海艺术博览会为纪念十周年盛典而精心制作发行的第一号收藏品。     

Quantum-chemical calculation of the energy characteristics of graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate to fibre-forming polymers

The energy characteristics of graph polymerization of methyl methacrylate to polycaproamide, hydrated cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol were calculated. A correlation was found between the yield of the graft polymer and the ionization potential of the polymer-matrix molecule. The site of localization of graft chains of polymethyl methacrylate was established based on the calculated data. The article is based on the data in a paper read at the memorial conference dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Z. A. Rogovin (Moscow, 2005). __________ Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 15–18, May–June, 2006.     

中蜂囊状幼虫病毒LN-QY株VP3蛋白空间结构及其B细胞抗原表位的预测

目的预测中蜂囊状幼虫病毒(Chinese sacbrood virus,CSBV)LN-QY株VP3蛋白的空间结构及其B细胞抗原表位。方法采用RT-PCR法从感染CSBV的蜜蜂幼虫总RNA中扩增结构蛋白VP3基因,与pMD18-T载体连接后,转化感受态大肠杆菌DH5α,提取质粒,双酶切鉴定并测序,通过与SBV-KOR、CSBV-UK株VP3基因序列的比对,获得LN-QY株VP3基因的核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列,建立VP3蛋白的3D结构。在此基础上,应用DNAStar软件中的Protean模块综合分析结构蛋白的柔性区域、亲水性、表面可能性以及抗原指数等参数。结果 VP3结构蛋白的空间构象较规则,其可能的B细胞抗原表位区域位于4个区域:25-50,101-109,112-120,250-268氨基酸区段,其中,可能出现抗原表位的2个区域在100-150和250-300氨基酸区段,应作为抗原表位研究的重点区域。结论预测了CSBV LN-QY株VP3蛋白的空间结构及其B细胞抗原表位,为CSBVVP3蛋白单克隆抗体的制备以及表位疫苗的设计奠定了理论基础。     

HIV抗体确认试剂国家参考品的建立

目的建立评价HIV抗体确认试剂的国家参考品。方法从我国部分地区收集HIV感染者或可疑感染者以及非HIV感染者血浆样品,并对其进行HIV抗体、核酸以及抗体条带等检测,从中筛选出有代表性的样品组成参考品,用4家不同的HIV抗体确认试剂进行检测和标化。结果共筛选出27份样品组成HIV抗体确认试剂参考品,其中10份为HIV抗体确认阳性参考品,12份为HIV抗体确认阴性参考品,5份为HIV抗体不确定参考品。用4家不同的HIV抗体确认试剂标化12次,10份HIV抗体确认阳性参考品均检测为确认阳性;5份不确定参考品均检测为确认阳性或不确定,无检测为阴性者;12份阴性参考品10次均检测为确认阴性。结论该参考品可用于评价HIV抗体确证试剂的质量。     

Garegin Oganesovich Karapetyan (on the 80th anniversary of his birth)

Jubilees and Memorial Dates

Garegin Oganesovich Karapetyan (on the 80th anniversary of his birth)     

New polyimidazolyl and pyrazolyl esters

Summary New polyimidazolyl and polypyrazolyl esters were synthesized by polycondensation of the chlorides of the pyrazolyl and imidazolyl dicarboxylic acids with ethylene glycol,pentamethylene glycol and glycerol.Dedicated to the 60th anniversary of Prof. C.I. Simionescu     

HT／Surlyn／PEG复合成核剂对PET结晶性能的影响

研究了水滑石(HT)/离子键聚合物(Surlyn)/聚乙二醇(PEG)复合成核剂对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)非等温结晶性能的影响。通过正交实验选择最佳复合成核剂配方。差示扫描量热分析表明,HT/Surlyn/PEG复合成核剂各组分与PET的质量比为0．5/3/3/100时,PET的结晶温度提高,半结晶时间明显减少,说明PET的成核能力提高,结晶能力增强,结晶速率加快；同时,结晶放热焓和熔融吸热焓增加,说明PET的结晶度得到提高。     

OSC-KPCA代谢物组学模式分析技术及应用

利用核主成分分析（Kernel Principle Components Analysis KPCA）强大的非线性识别能力及其在高维小样本数据处理方面的独特优势对模式植物—拟南芥的四种基因型（两种基因型Co10和C24及其杂交子代Co10×C24和C24×Co10）样本进行模式分析研究。结果表明利用正交信号校正（Orthogonal Signal Correction OSC）技术对原始数据进行滤波处理后，基于Sigmoid核函数的KPCA方法对这四种基因型样本的正确分类和预测能力均达到100%。有力地证明了OSC-KPCA方法可以有效地提取代谢物组信息，揭示生物系统内代谢表型与不同基因型之间的内在联系，为代谢物组学及系统生物学的进一步研究奠定基础。     

Chemical transformation of PVC by phase transfer catalysis

Summary Suspension type PVC was reacted with sodium phenoxide in presence of different quaternary ammonium halides in THF or THF/water mixtures. The competition elimination vs. substitution of chlorine atoms depends on the homogeneity of the system, i.e. the more homogeneous the reaction mixture the less substituted the polymer.Dedicated to the 60th anniversary of Prof. Otto Vogl     

Effect of an inert solvent on the copolymerization of styrene/diethylmaleate

We studied the effect of an inert solvent (benzene) on the overall rate of copolymerization in the system styrene/diethylmaleate (ST/DEM), initiated with azo-bis-iso-butyro-nitrile (AIBN) at 50°C. The experimental results can be interpreted on the hot radical theory.Dedicated to Prof. C.I. Simionescu on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of his birthday     

Quantification of Phospholipids Classes in Human Milk

Phospholipids are integral constituents of the milk fat globule membranes and they play a central role in infants’ immune and inflammatory responses. A methodology employing liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detector has been optimized and validated to quantify the major phospholipids classes in human milk. Phospholipids were extracted using chloroform and methanol and separated on C18 column. Repeatability, intermediate reproducibility, and recovery values were calculated and a large sample set of human milk analyzed. In human milk, phospholipid classes were quantified at concentrations of 0.6 mg/100 g for phosphatidylinositol; 4.2 mg/100 g for phosphatidylethanolamine, 0.4 mg/100 g for phosphatidylserine, 2.8 mg/100 g for phosphatidylcholine, and 4.6 mg/100 g for sphingomyelin. Their relative standard deviation of repeatability and intermediate reproducibility values ranging between 0.8 and 13.4 % and between 2.4 and 25.7 %, respectively. The recovery values ranged between 67 and 112 %. Finally, the validated method was used to quantify phospholipid classes in human milk collected from 50 volunteers 4 weeks postpartum providing absolute content of these lipids in a relatively large cohort. The average content of total phospholipids was 23.8 mg/100 g that corresponds to an estimated mean intake of 140 mg phospholipids/day in a 4-week old infant when exclusively breast-fed.     

The effect of spherulite structure of polypropylene on the thermally stimulated electret depolarization current

Summary The dependence of thermally stimulated depolarization current /TSC/ on morphological structure of polypropylene /PP/ films has been determined. Different morphologies in the investigated samples were arrised due to appropriate cooling conditions. The TSC maxima were correlated with the size of spherulites and attributed to the release of carriers traped at the crystalline and amorphous phase borders.Dedicated to Professor C. I. Simionescu on his 60th anniversary     

调整结构促发展 推行总包创业绩

在公司成立五周年之际，简要回顾公司调整主营业务结构，开展工程总承包（EPC）的历程，取得的经验教训和业绩成果，分析和思考中小石化设计企业推行总承包，并提出建议。     

GnRH-Related Neurohormones in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster

Genomic and phylogenetic analyses of various invertebrate phyla revealed the existence of genes that are evolutionarily related to the vertebrate’s decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and the GnRH receptor genes. Upon the characterization of these gene products, encoding peptides and putative receptors, GnRH-related peptides and their G-protein coupled receptors have been identified. These include the adipokinetic hormone (AKH) and corazonin (CRZ) in insects and their cognate receptors that pair to form bioactive signaling systems, which network with additional neurotransmitters/hormones (e.g., octopamine and ecdysone). Multiple studies in the past 30 years have identified many aspects of the biology of these peptides that are similar in size to GnRH and function as neurohormones. This review briefly describes the main activities of these two neurohormones and their receptors in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. The similarities and differences between Drosophila AKH/CRZ and mammalian GnRH signaling systems are discussed. Of note, while GnRH has a key role in reproduction, AKH and CRZ show pleiotropic activities in the adult fly, primarily in metabolism and stress responses. From a protein evolution standpoint, the GnRH/AKH/CRZ family nicely demonstrates the developmental process of neuropeptide signaling systems emerging from a putative common ancestor and leading to divergent activities in distal phyla.