加压氰化全湿法处理低品位铂钯浮选精矿工艺研究

针对前期研究提出的浮选精矿先经湿法预处理而后再加压氰化浸出铂族金属的全湿法新工艺，变动预处理反应过程各种工艺参数，考察了预处理对铜、镍氧化浸出以及对后续铂、钯氰化浸出指标的影响。试验结果表明，浮选精矿经预处理后不仅可有效回收浮选精矿中的铜等有价值有色金属，而且有利于后续加压氰化提取铂钯等贵金属。新工艺实现了全湿法直接处理低品位铂钯硫化浮选精矿的创新。     

加压湿法冶金处理含铂族金属铜镍硫化矿的应用及研究进展

近年来，加压湿法冶金应用于处理重有色金属硫化矿发展迅速，在环境保护及强化金属提取方面显示了明显的优越性。本文以加压湿法冶金处理含铂族铜镍硫化矿过程中铂族金属的行为为主线，介绍了该领域的最新研究进展。分别简要评述了加压氨浸、加压酸浸、加压碱浸和加压氰化等过程所适应的物料特性、工艺特征和生产实践。对铂族金属在加压浸出过程中的行为进行了讨论。     

硫化矿精矿湿法与火法冶金工艺的发展与比较

由于七十年代能源价格的上涨和对SO_2造成的环境污染越来越多的关注,人们对硫化矿精矿(特别是铜精矿)的湿法冶金工艺产生了强烈兴趣。湿法工艺可消除空气污染,直接产出电解铜,并有可能降低投资和操作费用。许多湿法工艺都进行过实验室和中间工厂规模的研究,它们大多数属氯化法。尽管技术上可行,但整个过程在强腐蚀介质中进行,所产生的实际问题是非常严重的,而且只有少数湿法工艺能连续产出电解铜。在消除SO_2污染的同时,湿法工艺排放的废水废渣又导致了新的环境污染。另外,湿法工艺不易回收精矿中的有价金银,不易获得高纯度的元素硫副产品。     

黄铜矿精矿的三氧化铁浸出

本工作对采自古巴的、粒度为－３１５＋２００μｍ的黄铜矿精矿（３２．３％Ｃｕ）的浸出动力学特性进行了研究。测定的表观活化能值为Ｅａ＝５５±５ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，与已发表文献的结果一致。显微镜和Ｘ射线研究证实，通过测定实际结构变化，可以观察到黄铜矿浸出时呈现出的反应化学和浸出机理。     

从铂钯精矿中回收Au、Pt、Pd

以某冶炼厂铜阳极泥处理过程中产生的铂钯精矿为原料,采用氯化浸出—亚硫酸钠还原分金—氯化铵沉铂—氨水沉钯湿法处理工艺回收Au、Pt、Pd。结果表明,工艺运行稳定,所得海绵钯、海绵铂纯度均大于99.95%,总收率大于98%。     

硫化镍精矿氧压浸出试验

分析了硫化镍精矿氧压浸出的机理,并详细考查了浸出温度、釜压、初始酸度和反应时间等对反应过程的影响。结果表明,在反应温度110℃、初始酸度80g/L、釜压0.8 MPa、反应时间4h的条件下,镍浸出率≥98%。     

Thermal Decomposition of the Froth Flotation Mineral Sulfide Concentrates Under Argon Atmosphere in the Presence and Absence of Carbon

Thermal decomposition of the mineral sulfide concentrates derived from froth flotation was studied in the temperature range between 1073 K and 1473 K. The experiments were carried out by heating the mineral sulfide concentrates under inert (argon) atmosphere and, in the presence and absence of carbon. The thermal decomposition of the mineral sulfide concentrates were analyzed by plotting the weight loss of the sample against the reaction time which were obtained from the thermogravimeric analysis (TGA) and characterizing the reacted samples by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microscopic techniques. The extent and rate of thermal decomposition of the samples were temperature dependent. The high sulfur minerals (CuFeS₂ and FeS₂) were decomposed to low sulfur and stable phases (Cu_1.1Fe_1.1S₂, Cu₅FeS₄, and FeS). However, the thermal decomposition of the mineral sulfides were complex because of liquid phase formation at high temperature such that the low sulfur phases appear to have precipitated from the liquid phase during cooling of the sample. Metallic copper was produced in the mineral concentrates containing hydrated and carbonated compounds. It was concluded that the formation of copper cannot occur in the absence of internal oxidation in the sample, when the mineral concentrates are heated under inert atmosphere. The phases were compared with the thermodynamic predictions.     

浅析现行散装浮选锌精矿取样方法及其改进

阐述了现行散装浮选锌精矿取样方法在实际应用中存在的缺陷 ,提出了改进方法 ,并在实际应用中效果良好     

从硫化锌精矿中直接回收砷

在沸腾炉中,利用弱氧焙烧使As和S从硫化锌精矿中脱除,再经过二次燃烧室使As和S得到充分燃烧后全部进入烟气,烟气经余热锅炉和电收尘脱除大部分烟尘,通过收砷设备冷凝沉降后得到As2O3粗烟尘。最佳条件表明,As2O3回收率在98%以上,粗烟尘经砷提纯装置使As2O3含量达到98%以上。提纯过程中的砷渣返回原料工序循环使用,烟气经脱砷处理后用于制酸,整个生产过程为全封闭自动化流水线作业。     

硫化铜精矿的硫酸铵焙烧浸出

将硫化铜精矿与硫酸铵混合进行硫酸化焙烧,不仅有利于铜的浸出,而且硫酸铵分解出的氨用于提铜废酸液的中和处理,可以实现硫酸铵的循环利用。结果表明,在硫酸铵用量为1.5n(n为硫酸铵与黄铜矿的摩尔比)、420℃焙烧180min的条件下,铜硫酸盐化的效果最好,硫酸铵基本上完全分解,产生的氨97%左右可用稀硫酸液吸收。烧渣按液固比为4在80℃浸出90 min时,铜的浸出率可达89.96%。     

柿竹园多金属矿硫化矿浮选工艺研究

文章从试样工艺矿物学研究出发，详细查明了目的矿物的矿物组成、结构构造、赋存状态和嵌镶关系等。尔后进行了大量的浮选条件试验，以确定最佳的工艺流程与工艺参数，并在此基础上开展了硫化矿全流程闭路试验，取得了较优的分选指标，为有色矿山合理利用国家矿产资源，提供了详实可靠的设计依据。     

硫化矿电化学浮选研究现状及进展

通过对近年来硫化矿电化学浮选理论研究成果进行全面的总结,分析了黄铜矿、方铅矿、磁黄铁矿、铁闪锌矿单矿物的电化学特性,并提出了存在的问题和研究的重点方向。     

Review of Recovery of Platinum Group Metals from Copper Leach Residues and Other Resources

Porphyry copper and mixed copper-gold sulfide deposits contain varying amounts of precious (gold and silver) and platinum group metals (PGMs). Currently, milling and froth flotation is the most common processing route for the treatment of high-grade base metal sulfide ores. During this process, the precious metals and PGMs are also concentrated and represent a possible opportunity for the beneficiation of these metals to increase the overall economic value of the ore. Although not yet commercialized, the high temperature pressure oxidation (POX) of copper concentrates provides an alternative processing route to traditional smelting technology. With increasingly aggressive air quality standards and rising upstream processing costs for smelting, hydrometallurgical processing options become progressively attractive. The treatment of POX residues for the recovery of precious metals has seen significant attention and multiple processing routes have been developed on various scales. Extraction and beneficiation of PGMs from copper concentrate POX residue has garnered significantly less attention and mechanistic questions remain to be answered. Based on a review of the processing options for PGM ores and concentrates, hydrometallurgical processing routes for the extraction of PGMs from copper concentrate POX residues are envisioned.