暖通空调设计智能决策支持系统的探讨

随着计算机技术的发展及暖通空调领域研究的深入,智能决策支持系统(IDSS)已进入空调冷热源选择、设备选型及系统方案选择等暖通空调设计研究领域.对暖通空调设计IDSS的效益、结构和集成等重要的理论问题进行了积极的探讨,以促进其更深入、持久的研究和发展.     

Research on the Application of CarSim in Vehicle Simulation and Development

In the process of vehicle development,in order to reduce the actual vehicle test,get better economic benefits,speed up the development process,with simulation software,the development of vehicles or subsystems simulation has become an important part in the development process. As vehicle simulation software for parametric modeling,CarSim is a simple modeling process,rapid and accurate simulation,and can realize the simulation of open and close rings,and it is gradually popularized in vehicle research and development. This paper introduces the CarSim software,and then introduces the development of CarSim software in recent years.Based on the application of CarSim,this paper introduces it in all aspects of vehicle research and development,and finally summarizes it and puts forward some suggestions. Offering help for CarSim in vehicle research and development in the future,and building a certain foundation.     

Second European Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors: Annecy, France, 2–6 May 1988

The workshop was concluded with a comprehensive summary and discussion (Pretzel, MPI, Munich, FRG). Clearly there is a growing interest in the development of low temperature devices for neutrino and dark matter detectors. Other applications are spectroscopic ultra-high spatial resolution X-ray imaging, optical and infrared radiation detectors, cold neutron and other low energy particle detectors, and phonon detectors. However, it is also clear that the fundamental experiments that were the original motivation of this research are a long way from realization. Slow but steady progress is being made on all fronts. In the process this research is enhancing an understanding of the particle/radiation interactions and revealing important phenomena in cryogenic devices. Each of the technologies under development has individual strengths and weaknesses so no single device is expected to solve all the detection problems. The state of the current research is still exploratory. It appears that at least two to three years of research will be required to demostrate the viability of one or more of these ideas. At that point, full-scale development of one or more detector systems will hopefully begin to address the many fundamental problmes posed at this workshop.     

智能包装的发展现状、发展趋势及应用前景

目的分析智能包装的发展现状、趋势和前景,为促进其进一步发展提供参考。方法首先,通过国内外相关文献检索及资料收集,综述智能包装研究现状;其次,利用案例分析法着重阐述结构型、信息型及功能材料型智能包装的发展现状及工作原理;最后,通过问题归纳法总结智能包装目前的困境,并对其应用前景进行展望。结论结构型智能包装通过改进或增强包装的部分结构,使包装更具安全性、可靠性或便捷性;信息型智能包装普遍运用射频识别或二维码技术,能够智能地记录或反馈产品信息;因可直观地反映食品新鲜度,功能材料型智能包装被广泛应用于食品包装领域,变色型包装和发光型包装是其主力军;结合3D打印或虚拟现实技术的包装是新型智能包装的代表,其在增加产品附加值和交互性方面具有优势。智能包装是未来包装的发展方向,市场潜能巨大,我国应在智能包装研究特别是理论研究上投入更多资源。     

The relationship between academics’ strategic research agendas and their preferences for basic research,applied research,or experimental development

Scientometrics - In this study, we assess the association between academics’ research agendas and their preferences for basic research, applied research, or experimental development. Using a...     

聚吡咯电极材料在超级电容器中的研究进展

聚吡咯是导电稳定性最好的导电聚合物之一。因其制备方式简单、环境友好、导电率高、电容性好及独特的掺杂性,制备聚吡咯复合材料以提高电极材料的稳定性成为超级电容器导电聚合物基电极材料的热点研究方向。综述了近年来聚吡咯电极材料及其与碳基材料、金属氧化物材料等二元、三元复合电极材料应用于超级电容器中的研究进展,介绍了聚吡咯的电荷储存机制、聚合机理、制备方法等,指出了当前超级电容器聚吡咯及其复合电极材料的热点研究领域,并且展望了其发展前景。     

Bibliometric Indicators Reflect Publication and Management Strategies

In a bibliometric study of nine research departments in the field of biotechnology and molecular biology, indicators of research capacity, output and productivity were calculated, taking into account the researchers' participation in scientific collaboration as expressed in co-publications. In a quantitative approach, rankings of departments based on a number of different research performance indicators were compared with one another. The results were discussed with members from all nine departments involved. Two publication strategies were identified, denoted as a quantity of publication and a quality of publication strategy, and two strategies with respect to scientific collaboration were outlined, one focusing on multi-lateral and a second on bi-lateral collaborations. Our findings suggest that rankings of departments may be influenced by specific publication and management strategies, which in turn may depend upon the phase of development of the departments or their personnel structure. As a consequence, differences in rankings cannot be interpreted merely in terms of quality or significance of research. It is suggested that the problem of assigning papers resulting from multi-lateral collaboration to the contributing research groups has not yet been solved properly, and that more research is needed into the influence of a department's state of development and personnel structure upon the values of bibliometric indicators. A possible implication at the science policy level is that different requirements should hold for departments of different age or personnel structure.     

聚酯热熔胶研究进展

概述了聚酯热熔胶的研究进展,包括可降解聚酯热熔胶、水溶性聚酯热熔胶、反应固化型聚酯热熔胶以及具有特殊功能的聚酯热熔胶.其中,耐高温、耐溶剂的反应型聚酯热熔胶和可降解、水溶性的环保型聚酯热熔胶是今后主要的发展趋势.     

Applications of experimental techniques to solid mechanics and materials science research in telecommunications and electronics

In the effort to support the rational development of reliable, manufacturable leading edge communications technologies, a broad variety of experimental mechanics and materials techniques have been developed and/or applied at the AT& Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, NJ. Much of the emphasis in this paper is on the application of optical methods to the conduct of experimental mechanics and materials research relevant to the telecommunications and electronics industries. It will also describe the role such research plays in supporting the development of a new process or product.
This paper is based on a presentation at the BSSM/SEM International Conference on "Advances in engineering measurements" held at The University of Edinburgh, 30 August to 01 September 1994.     

Green scheduling to achieve green manufacturing: Pursuing a research agenda by mapping science

The strengthening of measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions meant that manufacturing scheduling had to acquire a green approach. The need to reduce energy consumption becomes necessary for companies to achieve sustainable development. Therefore, a new challenge for the scientific community was foreseen, researching new algorithms or knowledge hubs to achieve green scheduling. Green scheduling may be considered one of the principles of green manufacturing, aimed at minimizing environmental damage and energy waste. A review of the literature shows that there are no research works that analyze the scientific development carried out in “green scheduling” through methodologies based on bibliometric analysis, thus the need and the novelty of this research. Based on a dataset formed by 420 scientific documents published from 2006 to 2020 a bibliometric and network analysis is carried out to find the scientific trends, the main relationships according to collaborations and intermediaries, and the research hubs that help to establish the research agenda. The results show that “green scheduling” is a growing research area in the scientific community and in recent years the number of new research topics has experienced considerable growth. This research is developed in Asia, Europe and America, but China stands out as the most productive, collaborative, intermediary, influential and active country at present, through its organizations which are mainly universities, such as Huanzhong University of Science and Technology and Tongji University. However, research development related to green scheduling is carried out in a collaborative environment between institutions located in different countries, allowing countries that are not scientific powerhouses to develop research in the area. The network analysis makes it possible to define the research framework through the clustering of the dataset's research keywords, highlighting that the main areas of research focus on the development of new methods through algorithms aimed at improving energy efficiency in production environments, in areas of computational development such as cloud computing, and in transportation. The most cited research papers, considered the main drivers of knowledge, are published in high-quality research journals, and are mainly developments in scheduling algorithms for different work environments with a green approach. Research findings can provide the academic community with relevant information about green scheduling to make appropriate decisions and become a research agenda for future research.     

PVD – Eine Erfolgsgeschichte mit Zukunft

PVD – A success story with a future PVD coatings in the range of a few nanometers up to some microns have become state of the art in engineering technology. PVD coatings can be found anywhere in our everday lives. They are used in data storage mediums such as CDs or DVDs. Car or architectural glasses are improved by thermal insulation coatings. A diffusion barrier is achieved via PVD coatings at food packaging. For decorative aspects sham jewelery and accessoires are coated as well as fittings. In the last three decades PVD coatings have been established in a variety of technical applications acquiring wear protection and/or friction reduction. First, coatings for tools have been developed, later on for components as well. So, in the past lots of experiences have been made not only in coating development, but likewise in methodical product design. By contrast, the surface has not yet been regarded as construction element. Here the knowledge is just at the beginning. The achieved performance of coated components can be improved drastically if the tribological system consisting of coating, substrate and intermediate material is designed for one single application with regard to the macro‐ and micro geometry. An exemplary application derived from the collaborative research center (SFB 442) “Environmentally friendly tribosystems” at the RWTH Aachen university is discussed. Results of fundamental research and their way into industrial applications are presented. The research development is reflected with regard to the development of the industrial PVD market. Regarding a process chain for the exemplary application the development method of surface technology is explained beginning with the production up to field testing of a new product.     

跨国公司的研发机制与科研成果转化

赢创集团是来自于德国的创新型跨国企业,其核心的特种化学品业务居全球同业领先地位。创新是业务可持续发展的根本,也是赢创一直关注的焦点。赢创的研发体系是多层面的,在不同业务部门内进行的研发与赢创已拥有的核心技术密切相关。若某项研究涉及全新的市场和技术,则在集团专门负责战略性研发的部门Creavis进行。Creavis专注于面向未来市场的新技术及其应用,其预期市场增长率将高于平均水平。该部门所进行的研发项目普遍具有中等以上的风险度。根据项目的风险程度,分别由所谓的"项目屋"或"科学商业中心"两个研发机构完成。Creavis内部的创业机构将会向市场推广以上研发部门所完成的项目,其开展业务的方式是从项目初期的介入直至完成项目的成果转化,从而建立具有可持续性及盈利性的商业模式。以锂电池中的陶瓷薄膜项目为例,这项创新技术在混合动力车和电动车的大型锂电池上得以应用,其市场前景极具吸引力。此类电池还可用于储存源自太阳能和风能等再生性能源的静态电力储能系统中。创新不仅意味着新产品的开发,创新管理的目的是推进并建立企业的创新战略、创新流程和创新文化。     

重力对聚合物形成的影响

在聚合物合成过程呼聚合物凝固过程中,聚合物分子量和聚合物颗粒尺寸的大小,分布和聚合物聚集态结构强烈依赖于重力,本文分增力,减重力和微重力三部分阐述了近年来重力对聚合物形成影响研究概况,重点介绍了微重力下聚合物一些研究成果,并指出了今后的发展方向。     

Cryogenic properties of filamentary-reinforced composites: an update

Progress since 1975 in understanding the effect of cryogenic temperatures on the mechanical, elastic, thermal and electrical properties of fibre-reinforced structural composites is reviewed. The two categories considered are relatively inexpensive laminates reinforced with woven fabric or random mat and the more expensive uniaxial laminates often reinforced with high-performance, advanced fibres. The status of fundamental research and of test method development is reviewed and directions of effective future research are considered.     

大型蒸汽射流式排液蒸发器的研究与开发

针对现代大型空分设备的需要,研究并开发了新一代大型蒸汽射流式排液蒸发器。通过对新颖排液蒸发器的描述,介绍了它的工艺流程、结构特点、性能计算。文章揭示了该排液蒸发器具有效率高、对周围环境及生物无污染、安全可靠等优越性,明确了作为新一代大型空分主要配套设备的发展方向。     

非晶合金连接的研究现状

综述了目前非晶合金连接的发展与研究现状,重点报道了分别属于液相连接和固相连接的9种成功连接非晶合金的方法,评述了各种非晶合金连接方法的特点以及成功连接非晶合金的关键因素,并展望了非晶合金连接的发展前景.     

原子层热电堆热(光)电探测器的原理及研究现状

概述了基于晶体的各向异性Seebeck效应的原子层热电堆热(光)电探测器的基本原理和优点,并从材料体系的选择和器件的主要应用等方面阐述了该类型探测器的国内外研究现状,预测了原子层热电堆探测器在新材料、材料维度和新热源探索等的发展方向。     

Engineering Education Research: Discipline,Community, or Field?

Engineering education research has experienced a notable scale‐up in recent years through the development of departments and degree programs, high‐profile publication outlets, research agendas, and meetings. We begin by reviewing these developments, contextualizing them historically, and clarifying some relevant terminology. We then use observational data collected at the 2007 inaugural International Conference on Research in Engineering Education (ICREE) to examine how engineering education is variously conceptualized as a discipline, community of practice, and/or field. We also examine how ICREE participants engaged with questions about the infrastructure and major goals of engineering education research. Our data reveals both an overall lack of clarity and continued sense of ambiguity about the identity and status of engineering education research. We conclude by recommending that participants and stakeholders work to clarify the goals and objectives of engineering education research, especially to inform the continued development of the field's identity and supporting infrastructures.     

Identifying research facilitators in an emerging Asian Research Area

We introduce a novel set of metrics for triadic closure among individuals or groups to model how co-authorship networks become more integrated over time. We call this process of triadic, third-party mediated integration, research facilitation. We apply our research facilitation or RF-metrics to the development of the Pan-Asian SNP (PASNP) Consortium, the first inter-Asian genomics network. Our aim was to examine if the consortium catalyzed research facilitation or integration among the members and the wider region. The PASNP Consortium is an ideal case study of an emerging Asian Research Area because its members themselves asserted a regional Asian identity. To validate our model, we developed data mining software to extract and match full author and institutional information from the PDFs of scientific papers.     

油田动力卡瓦的结构及其参数分析

动力卡瓦是自动化井口作业设备的重要组成部分，我国对动力卡瓦的研究中有很多成功的研究成果，但是相比较国外，我国动力卡瓦的发展还不够成熟，所以对动力卡瓦力学模型的深入分析，动力卡瓦的结构以及使其重要参数加以总结、归纳，作为以后的设计动力卡瓦的思路或引导有着很重要的意义。