铁矾渣酸浸液磷酸除铁过程研究

针对"锌渣焙烧—酸浸提铟和锌—氯盐浸银和铅"处理湿法炼锌铁矾渣焙烧温度范围窄、难以工业应用的难题,提出"铁矾渣焙烧—酸浸—酸浸液磷酸除铁并副产磷酸铁—除铁后液提铟和锌"新工艺,重点研究铁矾渣酸浸液磷酸除铁过程,包括磷酸除铁工艺条件、动力学变化规律、副产磷酸铁物相。研究结果表明,较优的铁矾渣酸浸液磷酸除铁工艺条件为:P/Fe=0.9、温度85℃、时间8h、诱导剂加入量0.7g,除铁率为58.08%、铟损失率26%,铁矾渣中铁浸出率由23%降为9.66%(≤10%),除铁后铟浸出率为70.3%(≥70%),酸浸液中Zn~(2+)在磷酸除铁过程中损失很小,不受影响,三种元素浸出率均符合指标要求。磷酸除铁反应过程和铟损失过程均基本符合零级反应,反应活化能分别为51.25和46.12kJ/mol。磷酸除铁过程副产高纯度结晶型FePO_4·2H_2O。铁矾渣焙烧温度调节宽度达到70℃。     

红土矿还原焙砂常压酸浸液用SO2/O2氧化除铁的研究

在实验室条件下采用SO2和O2混合气体为氧化剂,开展了从预还原焙烧红土矿常压酸浸液中氧化、除铁的研究.模拟浸出液中Fe2+的质量浓度为10.2 g/L,实验温度分别为60、70、80和90℃.氧化后的Fe(Ⅲ)基本以针铁矿的形式沉淀除去,沉淀过程中加入碱式碳酸镁为中和剂以维持溶液pH值恒定.氧化、沉淀除铁的pH值控制范围为1.7至3.2.实验结果表明,SO2和O2混合气体可加速Fe2+的氧化,且SO2的优化配比取决于混合气体的流量.在优化配比情况下,混合气体中SO2的利用率在97%左右.SO2含量超过最优配比时,过量的SO2则会被溶液中的Fe3+氧化.除铁沉淀渣中的镍含量(质量分数)不超过0.05%,镍仅有少量损失于除铁渣中.     

锌冶炼过程中浸渣加压还原酸浸除铁工艺优化

铁是金属锌产品中主要的杂质元素之一,如何去除是目前锌冶炼生产过程亟须解决的技术难题,湿法锌冶炼中如何除铁已开展了很多研究。介绍了工业上常用的几种湿法锌冶炼工艺流程以及常用的除铁方法,分析了黄钾铁矾法、针铁矿法、赤铁矿法和氧压浸出法等除铁方法的工艺特点以及相应的产品指标,并开展了锌中浸渣加压还原酸浸除铁工艺研究。结果表明：在高温高压条件下,可以同时进行浸锌沉铁,使铁以赤铁矿渣的形式沉淀,达到了浸锌除铁的目的,不需单独设计除铁工序,酸浸液中铁可低于4 g/L,酸度40~50 g/L H2SO4,利用沸腾焙烧炉产出的SO2烟气作为还原剂通入高压釜前段将溶液中Fe3+还原为Fe2+, Fe3+还原率高达94%,将O2通入高压釜中段,对锌中浸渣进行加压酸浸,锌还原浸出率可高达90%。该工艺可以有效解决除铁工艺工序长、设备多、投资大、操作复杂等问题,实现了缩短流程、简化设备、方便操作以及高效安全的生产目的。     

锌阳极泥过量对电锌酸浸影响的理论探讨与改进实践

根据电锌生产中出现的酸浸液含铁量不足的问题,探讨了利用锌阳极泥做酸浸除铁氧化剂的基本原理以及过量加人锌阳极泥浆液对酸浸过程尤其是对酸浸液中Fe离子含量的影响,通过生产现场测定和Fe^3＋水解pH值计算论证了锌阳极泥的过量加入是导致酸浸液缺铁的根本原因。经过生产改进,消除了“缺铁”现象,取得了良好的生产效果。     

硫化锌精矿焙烧浸出与直接浸出结合提锌同时除铁的方法

介绍了一种硫化锌精矿焙烧浸出与直接浸出结合提锌同时除铁的方法,利用硫化锌精矿氧压浸出除铁原理,浸锌同时除铁,取消了热酸浸出的除铁过程,简化了设备及工艺流程,提高了锌回收率,可以达到节能、环保、高效。     

锌浸出过程中用双氧水作氧化剂的实验研究

巴彦淖尔紫金公司采用采用锌精矿焙烧,两段热酸浸出-黄钾铁矾法除铁工艺。原设计为10万t/a电锌系统,近年产能提高至11万t/a,造成焙砂残硫较高,二氧化锰消耗增大,系统锰离子升高。本文讨论了中浸液水解除铁工艺中,用双氧水代替二氧化锰做氧化剂,并找到了最佳利用条件。     

提高湿法炼锌净液钴渣品位的试验研究

某湿法炼锌厂产出的钴渣,因钴品位低,难以出售,目前主要堆存处理。本研究采用钴渣先经中性、酸性两段浸出,中浸液经除铁、除钴两个工序后产出高钴精矿,锌回到湿法炼锌主系统回收。     

硫化锌精矿二段加压浸出除铁技术研究

阐述了原硫化锌精矿二段加压浸出技术工艺生产中存在的不足,开展了硫化锌精矿二段加压浸出除铁技术研究。在二段加压浸出过程中,采用硫化锌精矿作中和剂,对一段浸出液残酸中和、除铁,可得到PH≥4.5、Fe≤20mg/l的浸出液供净化工序除杂。该技术解决原二段加压浸出液釜外中和残酸除铁,工艺流程冗长,资源综合利用低等问题。从源头实现了锌冶炼的清洁生产。     

锌浸出液过氧化氢法净化除铁的试验研究

研究了用过氧化氢从锌浸出液中除铁,确定了除铁最优工艺条件。试验结果表明:控制浸出液pH为3.0~4.0,在恒温90℃下反应150min,H2O2溶液体积分数25%,除铁效果较好。     

用针铁矿法从钴白合金酸浸液中除铁研究

研究了用针铁矿法从钴白合金酸浸液中除铁的过程.试验结果表明反应时间对除铁率影响不大,而终点pH和操作温度是除铁过程的主要影响因素.在终点pH=3.0,操作温度85℃,反应2h,除铁后浸液中含铁可降至0.01g/L,并且溶液中有价金属损失较少.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.