基于彩色图像分割的置信传播快速立体匹配算法

本文采用了一种基于彩色图像分割和置信传播相结合的快速立体匹配算法。对于已经校准好的两幅图像,首先采用均值漂移算法对彩色图像进行图像分割,然后采用区域匹配算法进行快速初始立体匹配,再采用左右一致性校验法滤除误匹配点,得到初始视差图以及各个区域的视差平面模板。最后采用置信传播算法对获得的视差平面模板进行全局优化,得到各个区域最优视差平面模板,从而得到最终视差图。实验结果表明,采用区域匹配与全局优化算法相结合,不仅提高了立体匹配速度,同时也保证了匹配质量。     

基于Mean Shift立体匹配的视图合成算法及仿真

立体匹配一直是计算机视觉和图像处理领域的中心研究问题。文中提出一种基于Mean Shift算法理论的区域分割图像的立体匹配方法,实现水平方向任意位置的视图合成。新的立体匹配方法是根据分割区域像素间的颜色相似性和多窗口的权值匹配代价函数实现立体图像的匹配,通过上述匹配法得到的视差图采用winner-take-all进行优化视差值并对其做平滑操作,最后采用正向视图插值方法对任意位置进行视图合成。实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的图像分割效果,较小的视图误差,轮廓清晰,具有良好的立体效果。     

基于3D视频的深度图获取方法的研究与实现

本文采用基于区域的立体匹配方法从立体视频图像对中获取稠密视差图。在区域窗口大小选取上采用K-均值算法,保证每个子窗口位于同一物体内部,窗口内深度信息趋于一致;采用NCR算法运用匹配窗口周围的环境信息,提高窗口选取的智能性和匹配的准确性,改善少纹理区域的匹配效果;采用双向匹配方法有效去除因遮挡等原因产生的误匹配点,提高匹配精度,得到初始视差图;同时研究视差图优化方法,得到高质量稠密视差图,为后期新视图合成等其它应用提供基础。     

一种基于图像分割的动态规划立体匹配算法

本文提出了一种基于图像分割的动态规划立体匹配算法。此算法首先利用MeanShift图像分割算法对左右图像对进行分割处理,从而得到分割域的深度范围约束;然后结合窗口匹配及可信度约束得到地面控制点;综合地面控制点和其所属分割域的深度一致性关系可以有效剔除部分不可信点;以地面控制点和分割域作为约束信息,对动态规划的数据能量项和遮挡能量项加入分割域关系约束,利用动态规划算法得到最终视差图。实验结果表明,该算法可得到较好的视差结果。     

一种快速区域立体匹配算法设计及实现

为了精确建立两幅图像像素间的对应关系,克服区域立体匹配算法计算量大的缺点,提出了一种改进的区域立体匹配算法。改进的区域匹配算法运用双向立体匹配策略来提高两幅图像像素间的匹配精度,并结合mean-shift图像分割技术,在同一区域具有相同视差的假设前提下获得图像的稠密视差;为了克服区域立体匹配计算量大的缺点,该算法引入伪极线约束将真正匹配点的位置限定在一个非常小的范围内,从而大大减少了匹配点的搜索范围,有效地降低了匹配算法的计算量。实验结果表明,改进的双向匹配算法可以有效地缩小匹配搜索范围,并实现图像间的精确稠密匹配。     

基于改进匹配代价和均值分割的最小生成树立体匹配算法

尽管传统的立体匹配模型在精度和鲁棒性方面都表现出了良好的性能，但在弱纹理和深度不连续区域的视差精度问题依然存在。针对上述问题，提出了一种基于改进匹配代价和均值分割的最小生成树立体匹配算法。首先，在匹配代价计算阶段，通过Census变换进行初始匹配代价计算，利用Sobel算子对输入图像进行边缘信息提取，将提取后的图像边缘信息与Census变换后的匹配代价值进行融合，并将其与基于图像亮度信息的代价值进行非线性融合，以提高匹配代价的精度；然后，使用最小生成树代价聚合模型进行聚合操作并利用赢者通吃策略估计图像的初始视差；最后，在视差优化阶段，采用MeanShift算法对图像进行分割，结合图像的轮廓信息对误匹配点进行修正，进一步提高在弱纹理及边缘区域的视差精度。实验结果表明，与一些传统算法相比，所提算法具有更高的视差精度，且视差图的边缘、纹理较其他算法更为平滑，具有更强的鲁棒性。     

一种基于梯度增强的立体匹配算法

立体匹配是深度图获取的一个关键技术,传统的立体匹配使用的图像分割方法会对图像边界造成一定的破坏,为提高深度图边缘的准确度,提出了一种基于梯度增强的立体匹配算法。首先通过梯度算子对参考图像和目标图像进行预处理,增强图像边界的鲁棒性,然后采用mean-shift图像分割算法对图像进行区域分割,对分割得到的区域使用自适应块匹配法进行立体匹配,最后采用均值滤波对图像进行后处理,得到最优的视差平面。实验结果证明该算法在图像边界的匹配精度上得到了比较满意的效果。     

基于小基高比的快速立体匹配方法

为了提高立体匹配效率和获得高精度的亚像素级视差,该文提出一种快速的小基高比立体匹配方法。该方法首先利用积分图像加速自适应窗口和规范互相关度量的计算,然后根据可靠性约束进一步拒绝错误匹配,再采用基于迭代二倍重采样的亚像素级匹配方法为可信点计算亚像素级视差,最后利用基于图分割的视差平面拟合方法获得稠密的亚像素级视差图。实验结果表明该方法不但可获得高精度的亚像素级视差而且还提高了算法的匹配效率,满足了小基高比立体重建的需求。     

基于加权匹配代价和色彩分割的快速立体匹配

针对现有立体匹配算法复杂、耗时较长的特点,提出了一种基于加权匹配代价和色彩分割的立体匹配算法。算法引入一种基于梯度差算子与绝对差算子加权的匹配代价计算初始视差。根据基于色彩分割的视差假设,采用Mean-Shift算子对图像进行分割,用分割后的图像作为模板优化初始视差。实验结果表明,该算法提高匹配精度和速度,具有良好的实用价值。     

基于斜平面平滑优化的半全局立体匹配

基于斜平面平滑的半全局匹配算法虽然能很好地处理深度不连续区域,减少视差断裂现象,具有很好的视差平滑效果.但此方法计算量大,并且若输入的左右图像对不是理想校正的,最终得到的视差图中可能会出现黑色小方块.针对上述问题,本文提出了一种基于斜平面平滑优化的双目立体视觉算法,优化了视差斜平面拟合过程,提高了斜平面平滑的运算速度;另,通过对初始视差图中无效的视差值进行临近插值填充,很好地解决了视差图中的方块现象;同时考虑到同一分割块内的像素梯度值应比较接近,对图像分割时用到的能量函数增加梯度项,使分割区域更加合理.实验结果表明,本文算法能取得更好的视差图,主观效果得到改善,运算速度提高约40%.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks