一种十字摆盘驱动式轴向柱塞泵结构设计

 轴向柱塞泵作为液压系统的核心动力元件,具有额定压力高、流量大、功重比高等优点,传统斜盘式柱塞泵结构复杂,易导致滑靴磨损,且柱塞与缸体之间具有较大的侧向力易造成柱塞卡死,影响柱塞泵的可靠性及寿命。提出了一种新型十字摆盘驱动式轴向柱塞泵结构,斜盘轴旋转驱动十字摆盘摆动回程,实现柱塞的往复运动,同时高低压配液阀实现流体介质的配流,完成柱塞吸排油动作。通过模型受力分析验证,该柱塞泵具有回程结构性能稳定、侧向力小等优点,应用前景广泛。     

柱塞泵斜盘端面磨削夹具

斜盘由弧面支撑端面,与压块配合固定滑靴和回程盘的行程。在实际工作中斜盘与柱塞滑靴间存在50～80μm的静压油膜,斜盘端面如果出现划痕直接影响到滑靴静压油膜导流槽的寿命,从而影响到柱塞泵的容积效率,甚至由于间隙过大造成滑靴与柱塞杆的脱落。由于斜盘端面积较大,人工研磨费时费力,本文中对斜盘磨削夹具做详细概述。     

轴向柱塞泵关键组件技术应用——据烟台艾迪液压科技有限公司专家童桂英报告整理

正斜盘式轴向柱塞泵关键组件主要有柱塞和滑靴、缸体和配流盘、回程机构、传动轴和轴承等,这些组件的关键技术如果控制不好直接影响泵的工作质量,甚至无法工作,下面基于在实际生产中遇到的问题及问题解决谈一点看法。柱塞与滑靴柱塞与滑靴需要解决的关键技术是,柱塞与缸体孔的配合间隙:滑靴与斜盘的配合间隙;柱塞与滑     

轴向柱塞泵回程盘与滑靴间接触情况及碰撞干涉分析

轴向柱塞泵运行过程中回程盘与滑靴会产生碰撞干涉甚至出现回程盘崩裂和滑靴拉脱的现象。首先,通过对回程盘与滑靴的运动学特性和接触动能损失进行分析,得出影响碰撞干涉程度的因素;然后,通过ADAMS仿真分析,得出回程盘钻孔与滑靴颈部的接触规律和不同影响因素下碰撞干涉程度的变化规律;最后对奇偶柱塞数的柱塞泵进行仿真分析,得出回程盘钻孔与滑靴颈部接触时较为严重的碰撞干涉程度出现的原因,为回程盘结构优化提供参考依据。     

滑靴材料及封严带结构对摩擦副性能的影响

目前，高压柱塞泵普遍采用滑靴的柱塞结构，滑靴不仅增大了与斜盘的接触面，减小了接触应力，而且其封严带结构，使滑靴与斜盘表面之间形成一层润滑油膜，极大地降低了滑靴-斜盘摩擦副之间的摩擦损失，提高了整泵机械效率。柱塞泵最高工作压力不同，滑靴封严带也随之采用不同结构。该文通过故障分析、理论研究和仿真计算滑靴副PV值，并结合试验验证的方式，阐述了3种不同封严带结构的滑靴在工程实际中的应用。     

基于斜盘式轴向柱塞泵结构优化的应用研究

针对应用于工程机械上某型号斜盘式轴向柱塞泵滑靴与柱塞组件及缸体试验出现局部严重磨损及干涉故障,从滑靴与柱塞组件及缸体的力平衡关系、滑靴与柱塞组件工艺与结构以及缸体配合间隙三个方面进行失效分析,在保证柱塞泵容积效率的前提下,提出以下改进措施：优化设计了滑靴内外辅助支撑面与中心通油孔的固定节流器结构、利用回程盘与滑靴联动配合理论进行结构优化尝试对比应用薄壁空心柱塞,将这些措施运用于产品批量制造,取得较好效果。为斜盘式轴向柱塞泵的结构优化、提高效率和性能方面提供实用经验,具有一定的综合效益和推广价值。     

柱塞泵预紧力对滑靴回程盘影响的仿真分析

轴向柱塞泵中滑靴的倾覆偏磨、回程盘的磨损与其所受应力大小有关。为改善二者的磨损性能,研究预紧力增大对滑靴、回程盘应力变化特性的影响。通过对A4VG125型柱塞泵中心弹簧预紧力的分析计算,应用仿真软件ADAMS和ANSYS搭建轴向柱塞泵的刚柔耦合模型,研究分析预紧力增大时,滑靴、回程盘应力的变化规律,得到同周期内最大应力点图和应力云图。分析结果表明:合理增大预紧力有助于减小滑靴平面、滑靴颈部的磨损;回程盘孔口与滑靴颈部的碰撞得到改善;当预紧力为707N时,该型号轴向柱塞泵的滑靴与回程盘应力分布状态最好。     

轴向柱塞泵滑靴副楔形油膜特性分析

轴向柱塞泵工作过程中,滑靴会在倾覆力矩作用下相对于斜盘表面形成一定的楔形油膜,在油膜静压支承力和油膜动压效应和挤压效应作用下滑靴副楔形油膜压力场始终与滑靴所受的外力和外力矩处在动态的平衡中。本文采用一种新的研究方法对滑靴油膜动态特性进行研究,用牛顿迭代算法对滑靴受力/力矩情况和滑靴副油膜的耦合关系进行研究。在Matlab软件中以低层编程的方法揭示滑靴副楔形油膜动态特性,从而对滑靴副工作特性进行预测。     

盾构机液压柱塞泵损坏原因解析

该文分析斜轴式液压柱塞泵损坏原因及柱塞滑靴与斜盘摩擦副静压油膜机理,论述不同转速、压力下滑靴油膜特性。     

液压柱塞泵运动副磨损特性研究综述

针对液压柱塞泵的3对主要运动副:柱塞-缸体副(柱塞副)、缸体-配流盘副(配流盘副)、斜盘-滑靴副(滑靴副),对国内外围绕3对运动副磨损特性相关的研究进行了汇总和总结。柱塞泵运动副间隙的润滑形式为粘弹性动力润滑(EHL),磨损特性与油膜、介质、污染、运动副材料及表面形貌等密切相关。主要介绍了柱塞泵运动副的润滑磨损理论研究,影响磨损特性的运动副油膜特性相关研究成果,以及适用于柱塞泵运动副的磨损模型。对比分析了柱塞泵磨损特性研究常用的解析方法、仿真方法、实验方法,介绍了每种方法的优势及局限性。最后对影响柱塞泵运动副磨损特性的关键因素进行了总结,给出了有待解决的问题及研究方案。     

Integrated slipper retainer mechanism to eliminate slipper wear in high-speed axial piston pumps

The power density of axial piston pumps can greatly benefit from increasing the speed level. However, traditional slippers in axial piston pumps are exposed to continuous sliding on the swash plate, suffering from serious wear at high rotational speeds. Therefore, this paper presents a new integrated slipper retainer mechanism for high-speed axial piston pumps, which can avoid direct contact between the slippers and the swash plate and thereby eliminate slipper wear under severe operating conditions. A lubrication model was developed for this specific slipper retainer mechanism, and experiments were carried out on a pump prototype operating at high rotational speed up to 10000 r/min. Experimental results qualitatively validated the theoretical model and confirmed the effectiveness of the new slipper design.     

考虑表面接触力的滑靴副油膜特性分析方法

由于受倾覆力及刚体表面粗糙度影响,液压柱塞泵斜盘-滑靴运动副(滑靴副)在相对运动时处于混合润滑状态。斜盘和滑靴表面接触引起弹性和塑性变形,进而产生表面接触力。接触力与油膜厚度密切相关,在油膜特性分析时不应被忽略。提出一种基于流体动压润滑理论的滑靴副油膜特性(油膜厚度、压力分布、油膜间隙流量)的分析与计算方法,考虑了滑靴副粗糙表面的支撑力影响。在雷诺流体动压润滑方程基础上,考虑滑靴副刚体表面粗糙度水平和油膜厚度,计算液压柱塞泵不同工况下的表面接触支撑力,并将接触力融入运动副的受力方程。提出了基于改进的雷诺流体动压润滑方程的数值计算方法,并进行了仿真分析,通过间接对比滑靴副间隙流量的仿真结果,证实了提出方法的有效性和结果的准确性。     

斜盘泵滑靴副剧烈磨损过程的油膜润滑特性分析

斜盘泵滑靴副在发生剧烈磨损过程中,滑靴和斜盘将处于边界润滑状态,油膜润滑特性将发生较大的变化。为此,基于弹性流体动力润滑理论,结合滑靴副的实际工况,推导出滑靴副在剧烈磨损过程中的稳态等温线接触混合弹流润滑基本方程,并建立相应的数学模型。对模型进行数值求解,分析得出滑靴和斜盘接触区油膜压力、油膜厚度与泵转速和外载荷的关系。为斜盘泵滑靴磨损故障程度的影响因素分析及液压泵健康状态评估方法的研究奠定理论基础。     

Experimental Research on the Dynamic Lubricating Performance of Slipper/Swash Plate Interface in Axial Piston Pumps

The interface between the slipper/swash plate is one of the most important frication pairs in axial piston pumps. The test of this interface in a real pump is very challenging. In this paper, a novel pump prototype is designed and a test rig is set up to study the dynamic lubricating performance of the slipper/swash-plate interface in axial piston machines. Such an experimental setup can simulate the operating condition of a real axial piston pump without changing the relative motion relationship of the interfaces. Considering the lubricant oil film thickness as the main measurement parameter, the attitude of the slipper under the conditions of different load pressure, rotation speed and charge pressure are studied experimentally. After the test, the wear state of the swash plate is observed. According to the friction trace on the surface of the swash plate, the prediction for the attitude of the slipper and the zone easy to wear are verified.     

斜盘式轴向柱塞泵转子系统动态特性分析

以滑靴副和配流副为切入点,明确了柱塞泵转子与壳体之间的作用关系;进一步借助转子动力学和有限元方法,分析了斜盘式轴向柱塞泵转子系统的动态特性。在考虑柱塞泵转子系统中柱塞-滑靴组件的非对称分布的基础上,建立了柱塞泵转子有限元模型,使用结构载荷代替转子与壳体间的作用关系,对柱塞泵转子和壳体进行切分,计算了柱塞泵转子所受的稳态激励;基于所建模型计算了柱塞泵转子的瞬态响应,分析了转子轴承刚度特性对响应结果的影响。得到了柱塞-滑靴组件对柱塞泵转子的偏心作用可等效为一恒定偏载这一规律,确定了轴承刚度变化对转子响应的频率成分影响,为进一步计算柱塞泵壳体的结构振动响应和壳体结构优化奠定了基础。     

Tribological study on hydrostatic slipper bearing with annular orifice damper for water hydraulic axial piston motor

Hydrostatic slipper bearing is an effective way to maintain a fluid film between slipper pad and swash plate that slide against each other, and thereby mitigate direct surface-to-surface contact in water hydraulic axial piston motor (WHAPM). The hydrostatic slipper bearing with an annular orifice damper is proposed, and the reaction force of the bearing in WHAPM is investigated. The effects from the friction within the cylinder bore, the dynamics of the piston, and the centrifugal force of the piston–slipper assembly are examined. The characteristic equation of the hydrostatic slipper bearing with an annular orifice damper is formulated, where the effects of various geometric parameters (e.g. damping length, supporting length, and clearance between the piston and the cylinder bore) are reflected. The relevant criterion for designing the hydrostatic slipper bearing can then be established. Results of the theoretical analyses indicate that (a) the friction coefficient, the swash plate angle, and the inertia and centrifugal loads (generated under a high motor rotating speed) would have significant influences on the reaction force; (b) an appropriate swash plate angle can help eliminate the fluctuation of the reaction force; (c) the load-carrying capacity of the hydrostatic slipper bearing is more sensitive to the damping length than to the supporting length of the piston; (d) a short damping length can help enhance the load-carrying capacity; (e) a small clearance between the piston and the cylinder bore would help improve the adaptive ability to the varying load for the hydrostatic slipper bearing, when clearance between the slipper pad and the swash plate ranges from 5 to 20 μm. Experimental studies of the slipper pads sliding against the swash plates are conducted at a custom-manufactured test apparatus, given different material combinations and design methods. The experimental results indicate that the hydrostatic slipper bearing with an annular orifice damper would decrease the possibility of the severe wear between the slipper pad and the swash plate in comparison with the hydrostatic clamping ratio bearing in the WHAPM, and the CRA laser cladding (compared to the ZrO₂·MgO-plasma-sprayed coating and the stainless steel 2Cr13) is a promising candidate as the tribo-material when sliding against composite materials in water lubrication system. The hydrostatic slipper bearing with an annular orifice damper has been successfully applied to a WHAPM developed at the Huazhong University Science and Technology. The result demonstrates that the developed bearing has a satisfactory tribolgical performance, and can be extended to the manufacture of water hydraulic axial piston pumps.     

高压轴向柱塞泵滑靴副性能测试液压

为了测量35 MPa高压轴向变量柱塞泵滑靴副的油膜性能参数,需研制一套滑靴副性能测试液压系统。针对35 MPa的高压工作环境,设计出了一种高压轴向变量柱塞泵滑靴副性能测试液压系统,并建立了其AMESim仿真模型。通过仿真分析,得知该液压系统的卸压能满足工作要求,其卸荷性能良好,而且无论是卸压还是卸荷过程,液压冲击均得到有效的抑制,因而,该液压系统能够满足泵在35 MPa高压工况下平稳运行的要求,从而为提高35 MPa高压轴向变量柱塞泵滑靴副的油膜性能提供了前提保障。     

基于EASY5的轴向柱塞泵建模与流量特性仿真研究

以CY14-1B型斜盘式轴向柱塞泵为研究对象,分析柱塞泵结构原理与柱塞运动规律,建立柱塞泵流量数学模型。利用MSC.EASY5软件搭建柱塞泵液压虚拟样机模型,进行流量仿真计算,与液压试验台测试结果对比,验证模型的准确性。在此基础上,仿真计算不同斜盘倾角、不同内泄量情况下柱塞泵流量特性曲线,仿真模拟结果与理论分析及实际情况基本一致。结果表明:应用EASY5软件可以准确有效的实现柱塞泵建模和仿真,为进一步研究柱塞泵故障诊断提供参考,对复杂液压元件虚拟样机建模具有借鉴意义。