紫外光固化涂料对高抗冲聚苯乙烯力学性能的影响

研究了紫外光(UV)固化涂料在喷涂及光固化过程中对高抗冲聚苯乙烯(PS-HI)力学性能的影响。结果表明:PS-HI 的弯曲强度、弯曲模量略有上升,拉伸强度的变化率为-8.2%,冲击强度的变化率为-11.0%,而断裂伸长率的变化率为-85.1%;力学性能变化是底漆中复合溶剂和非溶剂组分、UV 固化涂料中光引发剂以及固化过程中紫外光照射等因素共同引起的应力开裂、降解、交联等作用的结果;紫外光照射次数对 PS-HI 的断裂伸长率影响比较明显。     

紫外光固化涂料对ABS力学性能的影响

从底漆、清漆、紫外光照射等因素研究了紫外光(UV)固化涂料对ABS塑料力学性能的影响.结果表明:UV固化涂料会使ABS力学性能发生变化,拉伸强度和弯曲模量几乎不变;弯曲强度升高了5.1%;冲击强度的保持率为原来的91.0%;断裂伸长率仅为原来的14.6%;塑料力学性能变化主要是底漆中复合溶剂和非溶剂组分、清漆中光引发剂以及固化过程中紫外光照射等因素作用引起的应力开裂、降解、交联等共同作用的结果;固化次数对ABS的断裂伸长率影响比较明显.     

PC/ABS合金耐应力开裂性能

采用机械共混法制备了PC/ABS合金.研究了PC/ABS合金耐应力开裂性能.实验得到PC/ABS合金在CCl4溶剂中开裂时间和冲击强度随着ABS质量分数的增加先增大后降低,同时合金的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均随着ABS质量分数的增加而降低,断裂伸长率增大.研究表明,当ABS质量分数为30%时,PC/ABS合金的耐应力开裂性能最好,其拉伸强度、冲击强度和弯曲强度降低不多,合金的综合性能较好.     

不同规格PTFE微粉对改性ABS耐磨性能及力学性能的影响

通过耐磨实验、拉伸实验和弯曲实验,考察了添加不同规格聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微粉对改性ABS(丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物)的力学性能即耐磨性、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度和弯曲模量的影响,实验发现当PTFE微粉加入量为5%时具有较好的综合性能。添加粒径较大的PTFE微粉更容易形成转移膜,摩擦系数更低。烧结的PTFE微粉结晶性更高,有利于提升ABS的耐磨性能。     

成分因素对PC/ABS合金暴露在烷基苯中力学性能的影响研究

通过万能拉伸试验机检测聚碳酸酯/丙烯腈?丁二烯?苯乙烯共聚物（PC/ABS）合金置于烷基苯后拉伸应变和拉伸强度的变化,研究了烷基苯对其力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,经过60 ℃烷基苯浸渍处理30 d后,分别添加了马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯（PE?g?MAH）、马来酸酐接枝ABS（ABS?g?MAH）、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝乙烯?1?辛烯共聚物（POE?g?GMA）的PC/ABS的断裂拉伸应变变化率下降了58.8 %、25.4 %和41.3 %;相比于ABS,PC组分是导致断裂拉伸应变下降的一个关键因素;有效的相容剂能延长PC/ABS合金在类烷基苯溶剂中保持力学性能稳定性的时间;阻燃剂分散在PC/ABS体系中,在烷基苯渗透作用下更容易发生韧?脆行为转变。     

增韧剂对PVC性能的影响

以聚氯乙烯（PVC）为研究对象,考察不同种类的增韧剂及不同添加量对PVC材料性能的影响。结果表明：ABS高胶粉、MBS、ACR、CPE四种增韧剂中,采用ABS高胶粉增韧的PVC材料的综合性能最佳,尤其是弯曲强度和维卡软化点温度都表现优异;采用CPE增韧PVC材料的抗冲击强度和拉伸断裂伸长率表现最优;四种增韧剂添加量在15份时PVC材料的综合性能最佳,尤其是抗冲击强度表现优异。     

芳纶水解处理及对ABS/芳纶复合材料性能影响

采用水解反应对芳纶1414(PPTA)进行了表面处理。制备了丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)/PPTA,研究了PPTA水解处理时间对ABS/PPTA拉伸性能和弯曲性能的影响,分析了水解处理对ABS/PPTA微观结构的影响。结果表明,经过水解处理的PPTA部分酰胺键断裂,生成了—OH,且其表面粗糙,形成了浅沟槽;水解处理提高了PPTA与ABS树脂的相容性,改善了ABS/PPTA的力学性能。当PPTA水解处理时间为18h时,ABS/PPTA的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率比未水解处理的分别提高了9.2%和57%,弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别达到76.24 MPa和3.40 GPa。     

废胶粉填充改性ABS复合材料的性能研究

采用熔融共混挤出的方法,选用三种废胶粉填充丙烯腈一丁二烯一苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）,制备了废胶粉／ABS复合材料;研究了废胶粉对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：废胶粉与ABS的相容性不好,界面结合力较弱。废胶粉的加入降低了复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度,提高了断裂伸长率。废旧丁腈橡胶粉的加入有利于提高冲击强度,有一定的增韧效果,但其他两种废胶粉则达不到增韧的目的。     

PA6/ABS共混物性能研究

将聚酰胺6（PA6）与市售的丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）树脂共混,制备PA6/ABS共混物。研究了ABS树脂的用量对PA6/ABS共混物力学性能的影响;采用苯乙烯及丙烯腈共聚物（SAN）和ABS粉料熔融共混制得不同胶含量的ABS/SAN共混物。研究了不同胶含量的ABS/SAN共混物对PA6/ABS共混物力学性能的影响。在PA6/ABS/SAN共混物中引入苯乙烯-丙烯腈-马来酸酐共聚（SAM）树脂取代部分SAN树脂,研究了SAM树脂的加入及引入顺序的不同对共混物性能的影响。结果表明, ABS树脂的用量在50%～60%左右时共混物性能最佳。随ABS/SAN共混物胶含量提高,共混物的拉伸强度、弹性模量、弯曲强度和弯曲模量逐渐降低。随SAM树脂替代SAN量增加,共混物的拉伸和弯曲性能先降低后增加。但共混物熔体流动速率降低明显,而SAM树脂的引入顺序对共混物的力学性能影响不大。     

玻纤增强ABS氙灯老化性能的研究

通过双螺杆挤出机制备得到了玻纤增强ABS复合材料体系,对比研究了该复合材料体系氙灯老化性能.结果表明:氙灯老化试验1000h后,玻纤增强ABS复合材料体系拉伸强度和弯曲强度降低.相对于纵向的拉伸破坏,氙灯老化作用对玻纤增强ABS抵抗横向弯曲破坏的影响有限.老化后的玻纤增强ABS复合材料体系冲击韧性下降,但弯曲模量略有升...     

ABS/HIPS共混材料的改性研究

研究了(丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(ABS)与高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)质量比对ABS/HIPS共混材料力学性能和加工流动性的影响,并着重对质量比分别为80/20和70/30的两种ABS/HIPS共混材料进行了改性研究。结果表明,氯化聚乙烯(PE-C)、(苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯)嵌段共聚物(SBS)和K树脂对ABS/HIPS共混材料有不同程度的增容增韧改性作用。如采用9份PE-C与3份SBS并用改性的ABS/HIPS(70/30)共混材料的拉伸强度为27.04MPa,冲击强度为32.60kJ/m2,比改性前约提高2.7倍。转矩流变仪分析表明,PE-C、SBS和K树脂改性的ABS/HIPS共混材料加工流动性和稳定性良好。维卡软化温度测试表明,改性后ABS/HIPS共混材料的耐热性能略有降低,但影响不大。扫描电子显微镜照片清晰反映出改性后ABS与HIPS两相的相容性得到了改善。     

HIPS回料改性树脂的研究和应用

研究了HIPS回料的性能,研制了一种HIPS回料改性树脂,在HIPS回料中添加改性剂使HIPS回料改性树脂的性能得到极大的提高。试验结果表明:HIPS回料改性树脂的性能可以达到或超过HIPS新料的性能。在HIPS回料中添加SBS树脂,可以明显提高冲击强度和断裂伸长率,而拉伸强度和洛氏硬度有所下降;添加K树脂可以提高改性树脂的熔体流动速率;添加纳米蒙脱土可以提高改性树脂的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、冲击强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、热变形温度、维卡软化点和洛氏硬度以及熔体流动速率。采用SBS树脂和K树脂以及纳米蒙脱土等材料组成的配方体系,可以制得符合使用要求的HIPS回料改性树脂,经生产应用表明,HIPS回料改性树脂的性能能够满足实际使用要求。     

The effects of γ irradiation on toughening mechanisms in rubber-modified polymers

High-impact polystyrene (HIPS) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) have been subject to γ irradiation in doses up to 20 and 12.5 Mrad, respectively. During tensile testing, both longitudinal extension and lateral contraction were simultaneously measured, allowing determination of volume strain, and from this to identify the relative contributions of crazing and shear yielding to the tensile deformation process. Both materials show a dose-related increase in the strain at which crazing commences, though the relative change with dose in HIPS is much greater than in ABS. However, the contribution of crazing to total deformation remains high in HIPS when compared with ABS. Shear yielding is an important deformation process in ABS and the results indicate that this is relatively unaffected by irradiation, whereas the ability to craze is severely limited. The reduced ability to craze observed in both materials is considered to be the result of crosslinking in the rubbery phase. The notched impact strength of ABS is particularly sensitive to irradiation and again reflects the reduced ability to craze observed in the tensile testing. ABS fracture surfaces examined by scanning electron microscopy display reduced ductility in the irradiated material. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene nanocomposites filled with nanosized alumina

A polymer nanocomposite was produced by acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) and α‐alumina was prepared through sol‐gel process using aluminum nitrate and citric acid. The particle size was analyzed by X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. The nanocomposites were characterized through tensile strength, Young's modulus, strain% at break, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength. The ABS/Al₂O₃ nanocomposites are found to have slightly higher Young's modulus, but lower tensile strength, strain% at break, flexural and impact strength than the virgin ABS. But its flexural modulus increases with increasing Al₂O₃ content in ABS matrix. The d‐spacing was calculated in nanocomposites to evaluate the interaction between Al₂O₃ and ABS. The particle distributions in nanocomposites were studied by SEM. The fractured surfaces of tensile test samples were also examined through SEM and show that the ductile fracture of ABS is converted to brittle fracture with addition of Al₂O₃. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Comparison of polystyrene,poly(styrene/acrylonitrile), high-impact polystryrene,and poly(acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene) with respect to tensile and impact properties

The tensile behaviors of polystyrene (PS), poly(styrene/acrylonitrile) (SAN), high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), and poly(acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene) (ABS) were examined systematically in the wide range of strain rate, 1.7 × 10^?4–13.1 m/s. When glassy and brittle PS was a criterion, the incorporation of a polar group (SAN) only strengthened the hardness, and the fracture mode was the same as for PS. The introduction of dispersed rubber particles (HIPS) weakened the hardness a little but offered a new deformation mechanism, i.e., microcrazing (whitening), and contributed to the improvement of impact strength. In the heterogeneous system, the enhancement of matrix strength [e.g., preorientation or blending with poly(phenylene oxide) for HIPS] makes possible another deformation mechanism, i.e., shear band formation (cold drawing), which is superior to microcrazing for achieving higher impact strength. ABS, which incorporates concurrently two factors (polar group to matrix phase and dispersed rubber particles), can be regarded as an enhancement of the matrix strength of HIPS. In spite of the remarkable magnitude of its impact strength compared with that of the other three polymers, the deformation mechanism of ABS was limited to microcrazing. This indicated that only the introduction of a polar group (as nitrile group) could not strengthen the matrix as much as preorientation or blending with poly(phenylene oxide).     

ABS/HIPS blends obtained from WEEE: Influence of processing conditions and composition

The recycling of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) and high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) from postconsumer electronic equipment housing was investigated. A preliminary study of shot size and particle size effects on the mechanical properties of ABS/HIPS (50/50) blends obtained directly via injection molding was conducted. Injection‐molded specimens of ABS/HIPS blends, obtained at different compositions with or without previous extrusion, were subjected to mechanical, thermal, and morphological testing. Preliminary studies showed that a smaller particle size resulted in higher tensile and impact strength, regardless of the shot size used during injection molding. ABS/HIPS blends obtained using previous extrusion presented a slight increase in Young's modulus and a decrease in elongation at break and impact strength. The increase in glass‐transition temperature related to the Polybutadiene (PB) phases of these blends indicated a possible increase in crosslinking structures during extrusion. In addition, these blends showed a coarse and heterogeneous morphology, suggesting that ABS did not completely mix with HIPS. Compared to processing conditions, the blend composition appeared to have a much stronger effect on the mechanical properties. The results obtained suggest the possibility of obtaining ABS/HIPS blends directly via injection molding as long as small ground particles are used. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43831.     

Short glass fiber reinforced ABS and ABS/PA6 composites: Processing and characterization

In this study acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) terpolymer was reinforced with 3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS)‐treated short glass fibers (SGFs). The effects of SGF concentration and extrusion process conditions, such as the screw speed and barrel temperature profile, on the mechanical properties of the composites were examined. Increasing the SGF concentration in the ABS matrix from 10 wt% to 30 wt% resulted in improved tensile strength, tensile modulus and flexural modulus, but drastically lowered the strain‐at‐break and the impact strength. The average fiber length decreased when the concentration of glass fibers increased. The increase in screw speed decreased the average fiber length, and therefore the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural modulus, and impact strength were affected negatively and the strain‐at‐break was affected positively. The increase in extrusion temperature decreased the fiber length degradation, and therefore the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural modulus, and impact strength increased. At higher temperatures the ABS matrix degraded and the mechanical strength of the composites decreased. To obtain a strong interaction at the interface, polyamide‐6 (PA6) at varying concentrations was introduced into the ABS/30 wt% SGF composite. The incorporation and increasing amount of PA6 in the composites broadened the fiber length distribution (FLD) owing to the low melt viscosity of PA6. Tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural modulus, and impact strength values increased with an increase in the PA6 content of the ABS/PA6/SGF systems due to the improved adhesion at the interface, which was confirmed by the ratio of tensile strength to flexural strength as an adhesion parameter. These results were also supported by scanning electron micrographs of the ABS/PA6/SGF composites, which exhibited an improved adhesion between the SGFs and the ABS/PA6 matrix. POLYM. COMPOS. 26:745–755, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Rotational flexural strength of cylindrical brittle specimens

Conventional static flexural strength testing of brittle cylindrical rods only subjects a small fraction of the entire specimen's area or volume to the maximum tensile stress. Thus, a nonconservative measured strength likely results since most flaws on the surface or in the bulk are not subjected to a sufficiently high tensile stress that can cause fracture. To mitigate this, a rotational flexural tester and corresponding test method were developed whereby rotation and monotonically increasing three-point flexure were superimposed to investigate fracture response of solid glass cylinders. This combination of rotation and flexure subjects more area and volume of a cylindrical test specimen to tensile stress than a standard static (nonrotating) flexural test. As anticipated, failure stresses were lower for the rotational flexural test. Expressions for effective area and volume are provided for rotating solid rods and tubes subjected to three-point, four-point, uniform, and uniformly distributed load bending configurations.     

高冲击强度聚苯乙烯加氢反应的研究

在氢气压力为4MPa的条件下,以环己烷为溶剂,采用环烷酸镍和三异丁基铝制备的齐格勒-纳塔型催化剂,对高冲击强度聚苯乙烯(HIPS)进行均相选择性氢化反应。研究了溶剂用量、催化剂用量、反应温度及反应时间等对HIPS加氢度的影响。结果表明:在温度60℃,Al/Ni=5且Ni用量为0.3g/100gHIPS,反应进行3h时,HIPS的加氢度为100%;加氢后HIPS的拉伸性能和弯曲性能得到大幅度提高,但冲击性能明显下降,热稳定性能基本不变。     

国产聚苯醚合金改性的研究

研究了国产聚苯醚(PPO)与高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)合金的工程化,探讨了PPO含量与PPO/HIPS合金拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度的关系;研究发现(苯乙烯/乙烯-丁烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(SEBS)对此合金具有增韧效果,并研究了抗氧剂1010对PPO/HIPS合金性能的影响。