基于改进正则法的ECT图像重建算法

电容层析成像图像重建是一个典型的病态问题,其解是不稳定的。为获得良好的重建效果,需要采用既保证解的稳定性且又能提高重建图像质量的算法。本文提出了一种新的图像重建算法。在分析标准Tikhonov正则法的基础上,针对ECT逆问题的病态性进行改进,并推导出两步图像重建算法：第一步利用标准Tikhonov正则法的计算值获得权矩阵的估计;第二步采用本文所推导的改进Tikhonov正则法获得最终的重建图像。数值实验表明,该算法所获得的图像重建质量得到了明显的提高,且该算法无需迭代,保证了算法实时性。     

电容层析成像图像重建的总变差正则化算法

针对电容层析成像（ECT）逆问题解的不适定性,本文提出一种基于总变差（total variation,TV）正则化的图像重建算法。同传统的2范数Tikhonov正则化方法相比,该算法（基于1范数正则化）不仅保证了逆问题求解的稳定性,而且提高了对介质非连续分布的区域成像的分辨能力,具有良好的保边缘性。仿真及实验结果表明,该算法在重建图像质量和重建速度两方面均具有优势。     

改进正则化半阈值算法的 ECT 图像重建

针对电容层析成像技术应用于工业多相流管道检测时,图像重建中存在的不适定性、病态性问题,提出一种改进正则化半阈值算法。以L1/2范数为惩戒函数,改进求解L1/2范数所用的半阈值迭代算法中的阈值算子,并以加入加速项的Landweber算法解向量为修正向量,引入改进半阈值正则化模型,优化加速Landweber算法。实验的结果表明,改进正则化半阈值算法在重建图像中相关系数平均达0.91,图像误差平均降至0.21,成像速度保持0.04 s。复杂流型辨识中,改进算法比Landweber迭代算法相关系数提高21.67%,相对误差降低37.01%;比Tikhonov正则化算法相关系数提高22.61%,相对误差降低37.08%;比半阈值算法相关系数和误差分别提高14.85%和降低28.26%。结果表明改进正则化半阈值算法对ECT研究有较好应用前景。     

正则化优化修正的电容层析成像图像重建算法

提出一种基于正则化优化修正的电容层析成像图像重建算法。首先利用 Tikhonov正则化法求解系统的逆问题 ,解决逆问题解的不适定性 ;然后利用优化修正法对初始图像进行修正 ,以提高重建图像的质量。实验结果表明 ,该法在重建图像质量和图像重建速率两方面均具有优势。     

电容层析成像系统图像重建新算法的研究

快速而又具在一定精度的图像重建算法是电容层析成像（ＥＣＴ）技术的关键。本文提出一种用多元线性回归法建立ＥＣＴ系统正向模型,用正则化法获得图像重建这一不适宜逆问题稳定解的图像重建新算法。仿真结果表明该方法能快速而较高精度地重建出两相流断层图像。     

提高ECT系统成像质量和速度的方法

在电容层析成像(ECT)技术的应用中,图像重建的质量和速度是电容传感器,并通过一种改进的正则化算法和利用DSP系统来实现快速高质的图像重建.     

基于改进信赖域的电容层析成像图像重建算法

针对电容层析成像技术中的"软场"效应和病态问题,提出了一种改进信赖域的新电容层析成像算法。在分析电容层析成像基本原理的基础上,推导出了求解ECT反问题的信赖域算法的计算步骤,同时利用BFGS公式对迭代过程中产生的Hesse矩阵进行校正。在此基础上对信赖域算法的收敛性进行了分析和证明,算法满足收敛条件且重建图像误差小。仿真和实验结果表明,和LBP、Landweber和共轭梯度算法相比,对于简单流型该算法兼备成像质量高、边界均匀稳定等优点,为ECT图像重建算法的研究提供了一个新的方法。     

基于ECT/EST双模信息融合的磨粒图像重建算法

电容层析成像(ECT)技术因其非侵入、无辐射、可视化、响应快、成本低等优势在两相流测量中获得了广泛应用,但在发动机油路中,因摩擦产生的能量释放使磨粒荷电,对ECT传感器电容值的测量产生扰动,严重影响成像质量。为提高荷电颗粒存在情况下电容层析成像的图像重建质量,提出电容层析成像(ECT)与静电层析成像(EST)双模信息融合成像方法。该方法通过测量荷电颗粒在传感器矩形电极上感应的电荷值,得到荷电磨粒的信息;通过ECT系统得到一组电容值,并利用加权融合的修正方法,对ECT中畸变的电容值进行修正;用修正后的电容值进行图像重建。仿真实验证明:该方法能够弥补单一ECT模态的成像质量不高的不足,减弱荷电颗粒对ECT电容值测量的干扰,明显提高了图像重建质量,降低了成像误差;采用双模态重建图像方法可正确识别环状流、泡状流、核心流等几种典型流型。     

粒子滤波算法在ECT图像重建中的应用

针对电容层析成像技术(ECT)的图像重建质量精度较低的问题,提出了一种基于粒子滤波的ECT图像重建方法。首先,分析了ECT图像重建基本原理,以系统状态估计的方式描述了ECT图像重建最优解的搜索过程,并建立了状态空间模型。然后,以线性反投影(LBP)算法的图像重建结果作为初始状态,利用测量信息对从状态空间中获取的随机样本进行最优加权,以获得重建图像的最小方差估计。最后,对5种不同的流型进行了仿真实验。实验结果表明,利用本文方法获得的重建图像误差平均值为42.93%,相关系数平均值为0.813 9,比LBP算法、Landweber迭代算法和IMN-SNOF算法得到的相应指标要好。本文方法是一种有效、精度较高的ECT图像重建方法,为ECT图像重建技术提供了新的途径和手段。     

正则化参数自适应选取的声学CT温度场重建

声学CT温度场重建为不适定逆问题。正则化参数的选取对重建精度有重要影响。提出一种正则化参数自适应选取的温度场重建算法——ARPSM(adaptive regularization parameter selection by minimum change criterion)算法。该算法采用一种新的、称为最小变化法的正则化参数选取法,自适应地选取正则化参数,兼顾温度场细节重建和噪声抑制。模型温度场和实验室内均匀温度场的重建结果表明,与常用的L曲线法相比,最小变化法确定的正则化参数对应着更小的温度场重建误差。ARPSM算法具有较高的重建精度和较强的噪声抑制能力,可望用于仓储粮食温度分布监测等对重建质量有较高要求的应用场合。     

Window function-based regularization for electrical capacitance tomography image reconstruction

Image reconstruction for electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is to retrieve the permittivity distribution of materials inside the sensor from the capacitance measurements outside. It is a typical inverse problem and has long been a challenge for its nonlinearity and ill-posedness. This paper discusses the application of Tikhonov regularization, widely used for ill-posed problems, to the image reconstruction for electrical capacitance tomography. Two methods using different regularizations are investigated, which are the standard Tikhonov regularization and the Tikhonov regularization based on the second order derivative operator. Particularly, a combined method using the linear back projection (LBP) result as the prior constraint for the Tikhonov regularization with the second order derivative operator is suggested. Simulation and experiment results show that this combined method takes advantages from both the linear back projection and the Tikhonov regularization and provides reconstructions better than those from the LBP and the Tikhonov regularization. In addition, considering the essence that the Tikhonov regularization can be described as a spectral filter characterized by its corresponding window function, we propose the possibility of applying other window functions to the ECT image reconstruction, which include the Gauss window, the Hanning window, the Blackman window, and the cosine window. Results also show the feasibility of using window functions as regularization, which presents a new strategy for the regularization of ECT image reconstruction.     

基于两步迭代TV正则化的电阻抗图像重建算法

针对电阻抗层析成像(electrical impedance tomography,EIT)逆问题求解的欠定性和病态性,克服传统基于L2范数的Tikhonov正则化对介质边界的模糊效应,提出一种基于两步迭代的正则化图像重建算法.该算法采用具有良好保边性的总变差(total variation,TV)正则化函数,利用两步迭代法引入TV去噪算子,达到解的双重正则化效果.与传统最小二乘迭代算法、TV相关迭代算法相比,不仅保证了逆问题求解的稳定性,而且进一步提高了非连续分布介质区域成像的分辨能力,具有较好的成像精度.     

用于两相流测量的ECT图像重构技术研究

电容层析成像技术(ECT)具有非侵入、响应速度快、成本低等优点,是用于两相流参数检测非常有发展潜力的技术之一。而图像重构是ECT系统研究的关键技术。该文利用有限元方法对12电极ECT系统进行建模仿真,进行正问题求解,获得了图像重构的样本数据;引入改进的径向基函数神经网络,建立了ECT图像重构算法,并在MATLAB平台上进行了仿真验证。结果表明,改进的径向基神经网络算法在图像重构准确度及速度方面有了明显提高。     

An adaptive Tikhonov regularization parameter choice method for electrical resistance tomography

Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) reconstructs the conductivity distribution from the boundary changes of electrical measurements. The inverse problem of ERT is seriously ill-posed where regularization methods are needed to treat this ill-posedness. A proper choice of regularization parameter which controls the degree of smoothing is very important for these regularization methods. Although have been a variety of methods, such as L-curve method, to choose a reasonable parameter for the problem, these methods usually result in a scalar parameter which cannot distinctly express the spatial characteristic of the conductivity distribution. So a spatially adaptive regularization parameter choice method is proposed for regularizing the inverse problem of ERT based on Tikhonov regularization. Since large regularization parameters can stabilize and smoothen the solution, while small regularization parameters can approximate and sharpen the solution, the proposed method adaptively updates the regularization parameters during the iteration process and provides spatially varying parameter for each pixel of the reconstructed image. When the iteration is stopped, large regularization parameters for the smooth background region and small regularization parameters for the object region can be obtained. The method is discussed using simulated data for some typical conductivity distributions, and further applied to the analysis of real measurement data acquiring from the practical system. The results demonstrate that flexible regularization parameter vectors can be achieved for different distributions and the strength of regularization is adaptively provided for different regions in a specific distribution. The adaptive method achieves an efficient and reliable regularization solution and has outstanding performance in noise immunity especially in smooth background regions.     

Total fractional-order variation regularization based image reconstruction method for capacitively coupled electrical resistance tomography

Compared with electrical resistance tomography, capacitively coupled electrical resistance tomography (CCERT) is preferred since it avoids problems of electrode corrosion and electrode polarization. However, reconstruction of conductivity distribution is still a great challenge for CCERT. To improve reconstruction quality, this work proposes a novel image reconstruction method based on total fractional-order variation regularization. Simulation work is conducted and reconstruction of several typical models is studied. Robustness of the proposed method to noise is also conducted. Additionally, the performance of the proposed reconstruction method is quantitatively evaluated. We have also carried out phantom experiment to further verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the quality of reconstruction has been largely improved when compared with the images reconstructed by Landweber, Newton-Raphson and Tikhonov methods. The inclusion is more accurately reconstructed and the background is much clearer even under the impact of noise.     

动态电容层析成像图像重建算法

提出了融合ECT测量信息和被测对象动态演化信息的新型图像重建模型;基于Tikhonov正则化方法,建立一个同时考虑了ECT测量信息、被测对象动态演化信息、时间与空间约束的新型图像重建目标泛涵,将图像重建问题转化为最优化问题;提出了集成分裂Bregman迭代法优势的新型算法求解该目标泛涵。数值仿真结果表明,所提出的图像重建算法其图像重建质量均优于OIOR算法、STR算法及PLI算法;同时由于所提出的图像重建算法同时考虑了测量数据和重建模型的不精确性,其抵抗测量噪声的能力得以提高。