湿法炼锌中锌铁分离方法与运用探讨

湿法炼锌已成为锌冶炼的主流趋势,铁闪锌矿作为当今锌冶炼的主要原料,铁的分离成为其在湿法炼锌过程中的关键环节,湿法炼锌工艺流程的选择很大程度上就是锌铁分离方法的选择。阐述了铁闪锌矿在湿法炼锌过程中几种主要的锌铁分离方法及其工艺原理、工艺控制条件、主要经济技术指标,并且分析了工艺的优缺点,为湿法炼锌企业锌铁分离方法的选择和运用提供依据。     

湿法炼锌浸出渣和黄钾铁矾渣的鉴别

湿法炼锌浸出渣和黄钾铁矾渣是湿法炼锌工艺中常见的固体废物,且均为我国禁止进口的固体废物。这两种固体废物中锌含量较高,常冒充锌精矿向我国进口。因此实验针对湿法炼锌浸出渣和黄钾铁矾渣进行鉴别,首先利用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)对制得粉末样品中的元素进行分析,结果表明,湿法炼锌浸出渣的主要元素为Fe、Zn,黄钾铁矾渣的主要元素为Fe、S、Zn,且湿法炼锌浸出渣和黄钾铁矾渣中均含有As、Cd、Ga、In、Ag等元素。再利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)对粉末样品中存在的物相进行分析,湿法炼锌浸出渣的主要物相为ZnFe₂O₄,并含有少量PbSO₄、Zn₂SiO₄、ZnS,黄钾铁矾渣的主要物相为KFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆、ZnFe₂O₄、Zn₂SiO₄。实验建立的湿法炼锌浸出渣和黄钾铁矾渣的鉴别方法为进口固体废物的监管提供了技术支持。     

湿法炼锌综合回收银的现状及发展趋势

锌精矿中伴生的银在湿法炼锌过程中最终都富集于以浸出渣为主的各种渣中。本文叙述了国内湿法炼锌中银的来源及回收现状,分析了湿法炼锌综合回收银存在的回收比例低、浸出渣浮选银回收率低、生产工艺过程中银损失等问题以及铁矾对银回收的危害,提出了应对措施及发展方向。     

湿法炼锌浸出沉铁探讨

介绍了湿法炼锌的常规浸出法、黄钾铁矾法、针铁矿法沉铁热力学、动力学条件，以及提高湿法炼锌浸出沉铁速度和沉铁效果的影响因素，并结合株冶浸出厂沉铁的现状，提出应采取的措施。     

无铁渣湿法炼锌提铟工艺

提出了一种锌、铟清洁生产工艺,该方法在保留传统湿法炼锌主体流程的前提下,利用铁闪锌矿精矿的铁资源、部分锌源及锰矿的锰源,直接制备高档次的锰锌软磁铁氧体材料。工艺过程包括:中浸渣高温高酸浸出、还原及除铜、萃取提铟、初步净化、深度净化及开路锌、共沉淀、铁氧体制备等。本方法取消了湿法炼锌流程中的除铁过程,作到铁渣和SO2的零排放,简化了湿法炼锌提铟流程,大幅度提高铟锌回收率;同时解决了"直接共沉淀法"铁源的长期供应问题。     

减少湿法炼锌锰矿用量提高电流效率

减少湿法炼锌锰矿用量提高电流效率在湿法炼锌生产中，控制电解液中Ｍｎ２＋的含量，对于提高电流效率、减少阳极泥量、降低电锌中杂质含量，均有重要作用。我厂在生产实践中，通过减少锰矿用量，取得了明显的技术经济效果。我厂生产流程如图所示。改进前是在黄钠铁矾工序...     

针铁矿除铁原理探讨

在湿法炼锌中,铁、锌分离是一个重要的工艺过程,在传统的湿法炼锌工艺中,是采用水解中和法来达到除铁的目的。此工艺的致命缺点是胶体Fe(OH)_3不易沉淀、过滤,锌回收率低等。近年来人们采用高温高酸浸出、黄钾铁矾除铁工艺较好地解决了这     

湿法炼锌中浸出渣处理技术探究

锌生产的方法有火法炼锌和湿法炼锌两种,其中湿法炼锌在世界范围内已占锌冶炼总量的80%以上。近年来我国新增炼锌能力也是以湿法炼锌为主。湿法炼锌已成为世界炼锌生产的发展方向。湿法炼锌生产中的焙烧炉尾气、酸雾、生产废水、设备噪声以及锌浸出渣等污染源的防治,是新建湿法炼锌项目环境影响评价中应特别关注的问题。为此,本文将笔者工作实际,对湿法炼锌工艺及其浸出渣的处理技术进行相关探讨分析,以供参考。     

国外湿法炼锌的现状和发展趋势

湿法炼锌是1916年实现工业化的。自从1965年黄钾铁矾沉铁法研究成功,并用于工业生产,大幅度提高了锌的回收率以来,湿法炼锌得到了迅速的发展。据资料报道,1968年世界锌产量的56%是采用湿法生产的,到1977年已增长至74%。七十年代以来,因日益苛刻的环境保护要求,国外新建的炼锌厂几乎全部都是采用湿法。美、西德、比利时、英、     

湿法炼锌过程除氟技术进展

氟对湿法炼锌过程中的溶液输送系统、电积锌工序等具有较强的危害。随着资源紧缺,大量的含锌二次资源进入了湿法炼锌系统,使氟在炼锌系统累积而导致其对生产过程的影响更加显著。文章对湿法炼锌系统氟的来源及氟的危害等进行了归纳,并对不同生产环节中的除氟方法的优缺点进行了分析,分析结果为湿法炼锌过程氟的去除方式的选择及开发新的除氟方法提供参考。     

赤铁矿除铁法在湿法炼锌工艺中的应用

阐述了湿法炼锌赤铁矿法的原理和主要步骤;对几种热酸浸出除铁方法从工艺条件、渣的成分及优缺点进行了比较;介绍了赤铁矿法除铁目前在国内外的应用情况。     

The hydrometallurgical method of obtaining of pure zinc and germanium oxides from the slag of copper-lead production

The hydrometallurgical method for processing the slag of copper-alumina production based on the sorption extraction of germanium and autoclave zinc leaching is suggested. Optimal production conditions are determined. Competitive advantages of the suggested technology are shown.     

Hydrometallurgical Treatment of Steelmaking Electric Arc Furnace Dusts (EAFD)

The aim of the current research study was the development of a hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of metals from electric arc furnace dust. The behaviors of zinc, cadmium, iron, and lead in sulfuric acid were investigated. The recovery of the zinc (from zinc oxide) and cadmium is possible with a relatively high yield, as iron and lead remain in the solid residue after two stages of leaching at room temperature. In a third stage, zinc recovery from the zinc ferrite (in the leached residue) was carried out by pressure leaching. Under the optimum conditions of treatment and after three stages of processing, the total extractions of zinc and cadmium were 99 and 94 pct, respectively. Lead and the main part of iron remain in the residue. The proposed process also resulted in the reduction of the initial residue mass by 30 pct.     

湿法炼锌除铁工艺研究

介绍了常规法、热酸浸出、氧压浸出、针铁矿和赤铁矿等几种湿法炼锌除铁工艺,重点对SO2还原浸出、热酸还原浸出、氧压还原浸出的赤铁矿除铁工艺的各项指标进行了比较。含铁低的原料,适宜采用常规工艺和针铁矿工艺;含铁高的原料适宜采用黄钾铁矾法和赤铁矿法;而氧压浸出工艺两种原料都能适应。     

A study of the leaching of copper and zinc from a greek copper concentrate. Liquid-liquid extraction for the separation of copper,zinc and iron from the leach solutions

This study is an investigation of the extraction of copper and zinc from a mixed sulphide concentrate by means of a conventional hydrometallurgical process, which was carried out in four stages: (a) catalytic sulphation roasting, (2) water leaching of the metallic values, (3) solvent extraction, and (4) selective stripping.More particularly, this investigation determined: (a) the roasting conditions favorable for the formation of the maximum amount of soluble copper and zinc sulphates; (b) the solvent extraction of iron and zinc from the leach solutions, applying the organic reagent D2EHPA diluted by cyclohexane or kerosene as a solvent; (c) the optimum conditions of selective stripping offering the ability to separate iron and zinc; and (d) the enrichment abilities of the electrolytes suitable for the electrowinning of the metals.     

从难处理硫化银物料中提取银新工艺研究

研究了硫氰酸铵水溶液氧压浸出-铁粉置换法从湿法炼锌热酸浸出渣浮选银精矿、硫化锰银矿脱锰后渣中提银新工艺。试验结果表明,浮选银精矿与脱锰渣的银浸出率分别为大于95%与接近88%。     

INNOVATIVE HYDROMETALLURGICAL PROCESSES FOR THE PRIMARY PROCESSING OF ZINC

The zinc industry has been in the forefront of hydrometallurgical developments for almost a century. The development of pressure leaching in the 1980s and the development of atmospheric direct leaching in the 1990s for treating zinc-sulphide concentrates have resulted in a number of zinc-refinery expansions without an increase in roasting capacity. Likewise, solvent extraction techniques are now used for the hydrometallurgical treatment of zinc-oxide ores on an industrial scale. The treatment of poor and complex zinc-sulphide resources has been extensively studied using processes as diverse as pyrolusite leaching and heap bioleaching. Finally, the precipitation of relatively pure zinc oxide at the mine site, a process that has been proven to be technically feasible very recently, may significantly change the paradigm of primary zinc production.     

锌浸出渣有价金属回收及全质化利用研究进展

锌浸出渣是一种具有较高综合利用价值的固废资源。本文针对锌浸出渣中有价金属的回收以及全质化利用的研究进展进行了归纳总结:锌浸出渣中有价金属的种类多,如锌、铅和银等具有较高的回收价值,其回收工艺主要有火法工艺和湿法工艺。通过对多种典型锌浸出渣回收工艺的优缺点和适用性的详细比较分析,提出了微生物浸出?氯盐浸出联合的方法,该方法可高效浸出锌浸出渣中的锌、铅和银,对不同类型的锌浸出渣具有良好的适用性,展现出了良好的工业应用前景;其次,介绍了锌浸出渣全质化利用的进展,展望了技术发展方向,锌浸出渣全质化利用将朝着制备性能优异、精细化和绿色节能的高端材料方向发展,在实现锌冶炼行业清洁生产的同时努力获得更大的经济效益。