GCPN矿山生态环境保护设计

我院以设计、建造总承包模式承接的GCPN矿山为深凹露天开采，覆盖在石灰石顶部的第四系作为生产水泥的硅质、硅铝质材料，与石灰石同时开采，混合破碎后由长距离胶带运输机输送到水泥厂。     

综合利用矿产资源 促进矿山节能减排

本文结合明祖山石灰石矿的矿石地质特征,采取在日常生产上的科学、严格的管理,以及对矿石覆盖层、夹层中低钙高硅灰质盐进行分别处理等措施,做到矿产资源的"低消耗、零排放、零污染"。这些措施将延长矿山服务年限12年、节约资金4.2亿元和节省矿山剥离物的排弃占用的大量宝贵的土地资源,实现企业经济效益和社会效益双赢。     

利用矿山剥离土制备高强度水泥熟料的研究

利用石英尾泥(砂)、石灰石矿山剥离土代替粘土作为水泥生产的硅质原料、用柠檬酸废渣石膏作为水泥熟料煅烧的矿化剂,通过实验室研究和生产试验,探索石英尾泥、石灰石矿山剥离土和柠檬酸废渣石膏的最佳加入量和最佳生产工艺条件,解决石英尾泥易烧性差等问题。本项目的实施可年消耗石英尾泥50万吨、石灰石矿山剥离土40万吨、柠檬酸废渣石膏20万吨,不仅减少了水泥生产对粘土和石灰石的需求,节约了土地和矿产资源、降低了水泥生产成本,而且为石英尾泥、石灰石矿山剥离土和柠檬酸废渣石膏的资源化利用找到了合理的途径,具有良好的环境和经济效益。     

浅谈石灰石矿剥离工作面矿岩混合地段的开采

太原水泥厂后山石灰石矿1982年投产,年采剥总量70万吨以上。覆盖层由石碳系地层及第四系黄土组成,平均厚度为13米。剥离削顶利用药室爆破一次性推进。由于矿体呈缓倾斜状,随着剥离工作面的推进,大部分地段矿层顶板升高,使矿层及覆盖层同时赋存于剥离台段,工作面较为复杂,见图1。若采用普通药室爆破,矿层与覆盖层必然混为一起,矿石贫化严重难以利用,将造成矿石损失;若先进行其顶部覆盖层的剥离,后开采矿石,虽然能最大限度地减少矿石损失,但其工作量大、工期长,采矿工艺复杂,生产费用高,见表1。有     

利用煤矸和矿山剥离粘土生产低碱水泥的实践

分析了煤矸石和矿山剥离粘土的化学成分.采用煤矸石和矿山剥离粘土作硅铝质校正材料进行了生料配料及易烧性试验,确定了生产低碱水泥的配料方案.生产的熟料碱含量稳定在0.4％左右,生产的低碱水泥碱含量稳定在0.5％左右,水泥混合材掺加量提高至16％左右,既利用了废渣,又解决了矿山剥离粘土堆放的难题.     

高硅石灰石资源开发利用

中材汉江水泥股公司上梁山矿是公司为2000t/d生产线配套的石灰石矿山,矿山地质构造较复杂,开采所用石灰石属于低品位高硅石灰石。随公司新建1条2500t/d生产线,矿石质量成为严重制约生产的重要因素。为了企业今后的持续发展和环境保护,     

中深孔爆破技术的应用实践

0前言福建龙岩三德水泥建材工业有限公司地处龙岩市东南郊，全厂总规模为2条2000t／d熟料新型干法生产线，整个个工程分两期建设，一期已于1997年5月投产，现生产正常。自备矿山为龙岩中甲石灰石矿，总储量达1．03亿t，由一条长达10．3km的长皮带走廊联系，石灰石经矿山一破后直接供应厂区。矿山以辉绿岩岩墙为界分一。二期建设，一期已正常生产，二期剥离已于1998年7月开工。矿山采用露天台段开采方法，台段高度15m，采用中深孔爆破技术，经过2年生产实践，获得成功，现就中深孔爆破技术在该矿的应用实践作一介绍c1地质概况（1）地层。矿区…     

Ca(OH)2粉法脱硫在水泥回转窑系统中的应用

我厂5　000t/d双系列预热器带管道在线分解炉熟料生产线，工厂矿山石灰石氧化钙含量偏低（约43%），生料配料中石灰石占88%，硅质原料为7%，铝质原料为5%，通过三率值的合理控制，生产线工艺状况良好，熟料质量稳定。自2015年7月1日实施GB4915-2013《水泥工业大气污染物排放标准》后，SO2排放限值降低为200mg/Nm3，时有发生超标现象，为此工厂多方面查找原因和采取措施，取得了较好效果。     

低品位石灰石与工业废渣的有效利用

调查表明，我省年产60万t以下水泥企业约60%无自有石灰石矿山，其中15%的企业由于自有矿山石灰石CaO含量在48%以下而放弃开采。这些企业主要依赖民采矿山提供石灰石，开采利用效率低下，高硅低钙石灰石基本放弃不用，主要原因是这种石灰石结晶硅含量较高，易磨性和易烧性较差；另一方面，这些企业周围的硅质工业废渣如煤矸石、石煤、炉渣、粉煤灰等大量堆积、污染环境，此种状况在我省的衡阳、株洲、益阳、永州、怀化、湘西自治州等地市尤为严重，因此，如何对这些低品位石灰石和工业废渣有机结合利用，事关企业的生存发展和环境保护，我站组织力量进行技术攻关，选择了白沙煤电集团方宇建材公司等3家典型企业，就低品位石灰石和工业废渣进行综合利用，已取得成功，正在逐步推广。     

提高水泥企业效能的措施

1提高矿山综合利用水平,降低资源成本 巢湖铁道水泥厂爬山石灰石矿,探明储量为1604万吨,有用矿层为石炭系黄龙船山灰岩及二迭系栖霞灰岩，设计使用年限为25年，设计总剥离量为22．4％。目前矿山开采面栖霞灰岩中含有部分高镁灰岩和燧石条带灰岩，总量大约有10万吨左右，另外还有页岩、粘土夹层约6万吨左右，原设计中均需剥离剔除。为了充分利用既有资源，降低生产成本，延长石灰石矿山的使用年限，把上述三种废料分别与石灰石搭配进厂。现就该三种废料如何搭配使用进行方案探讨。     

ASR pessimum behaviour of siliceous limestone aggregates

Siliceous limestone aggregates have “pessimum” behaviours similar to those observed for pure siliceous aggregates such as flint or opal. For high alkali contents concretes based on fine and coarse reactive siliceous limestone aggregates swell less than concretes based on fine reactive siliceous limestone aggregates and non-reactive coarse aggregates. The reduction of the swelling is more significant for a “micritic” limestone containing highly reactive free silica than for a “sparitic” limestone containing less reactive free silica. The consumption of a part of the alkalis by non-expansive processes such as chemical sorption on silanol sites of reactive silica and pozzolanic C-S-H is expected to explain the reduction of the swelling.     

Comparison of the morphology of alkali–silica gel formed in limestones in concrete affected by the so-called alkali–carbonate reaction (ACR) and alkali–silica reaction (ASR)

The morphology of alkali–silica gel formed in dolomitic limestone affected by the so-called alkali–carbonate reaction (ACR) is compared to that formed in a siliceous limestone affected by alkali–silica reaction (ASR). The particle of dolomitic limestone was extracted from the experimental sidewalk in Kingston, Ontario, Canada that was badly cracked due to ACR. The siliceous limestone particle was extracted from a core taken from a highway structure in Quebec, affected by ASR. Both cores exhibited marked reaction rims around limestone particles. The aggregate particles were polished and given a light gold coating in preparation for examination in a scanning electron microscope. The gel in the ACR aggregate formed stringers between the calcite crystals in the matrix of the rock, whereas gel in ASR concrete formed a thick layer on top of the calcite crystals, that are of the same size as in the ACR aggregate.     

Aerodynamic concentration of callovian clay

In order to replace expensive bentonite clay by clays of the Callovian overburden layer of the iron ore deposit of the Mikhailovskoe Concentration Plant the latter has organized research and laboratory and industrial tests on Callovian clay as a binding material for pelletizing. A fundamentally new technology for aerodynamic concentration of Callovian clay has been developed.Translated from Ogneupory i Tekhnicheskaya Keramika, No. 10, pp. 26 – 29, October, 1996.     

铁尾矿在新型干法水泥生产线上的应用

铁尾矿单独粉磨易磨性很差,作硅质原料配料时易磨性中等;制备的生料易烧性较好;实验证明采取适当的措施,预分解窑完全可用铁尾矿替代传统的硅质、铁质材料生产出质量较好的熟料,可以稳定生产普通52.5级等高标号水泥,并且可以大幅度降低原材料成本。使用时须注意:铁尾矿粉含水量大,应采取强制喂料保证下料顺畅;铁尾矿配料可能会有轻微结皮,预分解系统需加强防堵措施,多设空气炮,稳定煅烧制度;冬季生产用铁尾矿废石效果更佳。     

添加NaCl-CaCO3混合助剂焙烧难溶性钾矿提取氯化钾的实验研究

为综合利用我国难溶性钾矿提取氯化钾,采用石盐和石灰石作为焙烧难溶性钾矿的混合助剂,研究了钠钾摩尔比、石灰石加入量、焙烧温度与时间、钾钠挥发等因素对钾提取率的影响.钠钾摩尔比为4,石灰石加入量为12.5wt%的配料在900 ℃焙烧90 min的条件下,混合助剂实现了钾提取率84.6%.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)对焙烧产物水浸后的滤渣进行了矿物组成分析,探讨了NaCl和CaCO3作为混合助剂分解钾长石的机理.石盐和石灰石组成的混合助剂与难溶性钾矿的质量比为0.73,与其它体系相比,助剂用量大大降低.     

Starch graft polymers. I. Graft Co- and terpolymers of starch with 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropyl-trimethylammonium chloride and acrylamide: Preparation and evaluation as silica depressants

The title monomers have been grafted onto wheat starch by γ-radiation-induced polymerization in water providing three graft polymers containing poly[2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (I)] and two graft polymers containing poly[I and acrylamide (II)]. Characterization is discussed together with their utility as silica depressants in flotation-beneficiation of siliceous ores. Results are provided to illustrate that a starch graft copolymer containing 15% poly(I) graft and a graft terpolymer containing 30% poly(I, II) in the ratio 1:2 are effective as selective depressants for silica in flotation-beneficiation of Florida pebble phosphate ore using special flotation conditions.     

Evaluation of the wettability of mortar component granular materials through contact angle measurements

The wettability of granular materials has a direct effect on the workability of pastes, mortars and concretes containing such materials. Given this, the wetting behaviour of two Portland cements, two mineral admixtures (limestone filler and silica fume) and different sand types (siliceous, limestone and granite) was evaluated through the measurement of the contact angle between these materials and water. The results show that all the materials possess high wettability. A chemical agent, dichlorodimethylsilane, was used to modify the surface properties of a 0–1 mm siliceous sand, making it more hydrophobic and, therefore, unable to be spontaneously wetted by water. The properties of a mortar produced with the silane-treated sand were evaluated, showing improvements on workability as a result of the chemical treatment.     

借鉴硫酸法钛白生产工艺提高黄金回收率的设想

为了提高难浸金矿中黄金的回收率,提出了借鉴硫酸法钛白生产工艺,利用70％左右浓度硫酸浸出焙烧矿中的铁,使铁进入酸浸液中,剥离铁中的包裹金,从而提高难浸金矿中黄金产率,对黄金行业具有一定的开拓和创新意义,具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

硅质原料性质对水泥生料易烧性的影响

研究了硅质原料中石英晶体大小、相对结晶度及数量对水泥生料易烧性的影响。结果表明，硅质原料中对生料易烧性产生影响的首要因素是石英晶体的大小。与石灰石相比，硅质原料性质对生料易烧性影响更大。     

ELASTIC BEHAVIOR AND CREEP OF REFRACTORY BRICK UNDER TENSILE AND COMPRESSIVE LOADS*

Specimens cut from 9-in, brick of nine brands of firebrick, including two high-alumina, four fire-clay, two siliceous fire-clay, and one silica, were subjected to tensile and compressive creep tests at eleven temperatures from 25° to 950°C., inclusive. The duration of each test was approximately 240 days. Small length changes, independent of stress direction (that is, compressive or tensile), occurred at the lower temperatures. The lowest temperatures at which creep was significant were (a) high-alumina brick, 700° to 850°C.; (b) fire-clay brick, 600° to 700°C.; and (c) siliceous and silica brick, 950°C. Creep results under compressive stress could not be correlated with results under tensile stress. Specimens of different brands, at 950° C. showed greatly different capacities to carry load. Repeated heatings caused growth of silica brick of approximately 0.27%. Moduli of elasticity at room temperature were determined before and after the various heat-treatments and resultant changes were recorded. The changes in moduli were 15% or greater for silica and siliceous brick and 4% or less for the fire-clay brick. The moduli of elasticity at room temperature were approximately 2.7–4.3 × 10⁶ for high-alumina brick, 0.6–1.9 × 10⁶ for fire-clay brick, 0.3–1.7 × 10⁶ for siliceous fire-clay brick, and 0.4 × 10⁶ for silica brick.