丁二酸二异丙酯的合成及在有机颜料中的应用

本文综述了合成丁二酸二异丙酯的几种方法,比较了它们的优劣.简介了国内丁二酸二异丙酯在吡咯并吡咯二酮类有机颜料中的应用概况.     

丁二酸二异丙酯的树脂催化合成研究

本文阐述了用离子交换树脂替代无机酸、有机酸催化剂,催化合成1,4-二酮吡咯并吡咯类高档有机颜料的关键中间体丁二酸二异丙酯的方法。主要考察了不同类型树脂催化剂、催化剂用量、催化剂重复使用次数、异丙醇用量以及脱水剂用量对酯化收率的影响。酯化收率可以达到97．5％。     

杂环有机颜料的最新技术进展

本文综述了酞菁类、吡咯并吡咯二酮类和喹吖啶酮类有机颜料的最新技术进展,简要概述了近年来苯并咪唑酮和杂环类有机颜料的技术进展。有119篇参考文献。     

汽车漆用DPP类有机颜料

正项目简介:DPP类颜料(吡咯并吡咯二酮系有机颜料)具有很高的耐晒牢度、耐气候牢度和耐热稳定性,可单独或与其它颜料拼混使用以调制汽车漆。生产DPP类颜料的技术关键主要在于中间体(各种芳香腈和丁二酸酯)的低成本生产,按照Ciba公司的专利,合成DPP类化合物所用的丁二酸酯一般为丁二酸的低级脂肪酯,其缺点是反应收率不高,有相当部分的原料没有转化或是生成了对人体有害的副产物。为此,我们发明了一种环境友好的生产芳香腈的工艺,低成本地制造出所需要的芳香腈,还设计并合成了一种丁二酸的高级脂肪酯,用它与芳香腈反应可高产率地获得DPP类化合物,再对后者采用我     

DPP类有机颜料市场分析与产权保护

DPP是Diketopyrrolo（3,4-c）pyrrole（吡咯并吡咯二酮）的缩写，DPP类有机颜料是吡咯并吡咯二酮类化合物的衍生物，一般具有图1所示的结构通式^[1]，其中方框部分为其发色团。     

杂环有机颜料的新技术进展(二)

该文综述了酞菁类、吡咯并吡咯二酮类和喹吖啶酮类有机颜料的最新技术进展,简要概述了近年来苯并咪唑酮和杂环类有机颜料的技术进展.     

杂环有机颜料的新技术进展（一）

该文综述了酞菁类、吡咯并吡咯二酮类和喹吖啶酮类有机颜料的最新技术进展,简要概述了近年来苯并咪唑酮和杂环类有机颜料的技术进展.     

DPP系颜料的研究与进展

该文简要介绍了DPP高档有机颜料的结构、合成方法、化学性能及应用性能,重点介绍了化学"混晶"DPP产品的合成方法以进一步改进DPP颜料的应用性能、降低生产成本.     

有机颜料工业技术进展

近几年,国外有机颜料生产公司增加了高档有机颜料的生产能力,生产的高档有机颜料品种包括苝系、异吲哚啉酮类、喹吖啶酮类、铜酞菁类、蒽醌类、二噁嗪类、特殊偶氮类和高档色酚类。我国的有机颜料生产企业在积极开发颜料新剂型的同时,也开发了苯并咪唑酮类、偶氮缩合类、喹吖啶酮类、苝系、吡咯并吡咯二酮类和喹酞酮类颜料等。有机颜料在世界范围每年以2%速度增长,而高档有机颜料以4%~5%速度增长,市场需求强劲。     

吡咯衍生物的合成研究进展

吡咯及其衍生物不仅是化工产品的重要中间体,而且还具有多种生理功能和用途,在医药和香精香料行业有广泛的应用。鉴于吡咯类衍生物的广泛的用途,人们对这类化合物的合成具有广泛兴趣并进行深入研究,目前关于吡咯类衍生物已有多种有效的合成路线。本文主要综述了吡咯衍生物这一类五元杂环化合物的较为有效的合成方法。     

粉末涂料用有机颜料概述

粉末涂料用有机颜料属于高性能有机颜料,是作为无机颜料的一种补充,补齐了无机颜料在颜色鲜艳度、色相齐全方面的缺陷。有机颜料的许多应用性能不仅决定于化学结构,粒径大小与分布、颗粒表面极性、晶体类型与结晶度、表面改性对有机颜料也有很大的影响。本文从有机颜料物理形态、晶型、化学结构特性等方面阐述有机颜料的性能,同时介绍了粉末涂料对有机颜料的性能要求和一些粉末涂料中常用的有机颜料,以及这些颜料的特性。总结了有机颜料在粉末涂料中使用容易出现的问题,了解其产生的原因和机理,帮助从业者在众多的颜料色号中选择合适的高性能有机颜料。     

Time and cost effective methods for testing chemical resistance of aluminium metallic pigmented powder coatings

Polyester based powder coatings containing different types of aluminium metallic flake pigments have been investigated with respect to their chemical stability in acid environments. The metallic flakes are made chemically stable by covering them in silica. The degree of silica coverage and the silica morphology are far more important for the chemical stability of the pigments than the silica thickness. The acid resistance of the final powder coating is found to depend on the pigment embedment depth, on the chemical composition and morphology of the powder coating, and on the silica coating of the pigment. The latter being the single most important factor in our study.     

生物法制造丁二酸研究进展

丁二酸因其C₄分子结构在化工领域的潜在价值,被认为是一种具有广阔应用前景的生物基平台化合物。结合生物基丁二酸的产业现状,综合分析了丁二酸生产菌种及菌株改造、生物过程优化和丁二酸分离纯化这三个方面的研究现状。重点介绍以大肠杆菌、产琥珀酸放线杆菌、解脂耶氏酵母为代表的主要生产菌株及其改造策略;低值生物质利用及控制发酵过程中CO₂ 供给和pH 调节等生物过程优化策略;包括钙盐法、电渗析法、直接分离法等方法在内的丁二酸分离工艺。同时指出未来的研究重点将综合考虑经济性与能耗问题,将菌株与发酵和分离全过程整合,提高丁二酸产量,降低发酵及分离成本,进一步拓展生物基丁二酸市场应用领域。     

Stabilization of bioethanol recovery with silicone rubber‐coated ethanol‐permselective silicalite membranes by controlling the pH of acidic feed solution

In order to produce highly concentrated bioethanol by pervaporation using an ethanol‐permselective silicalite membrane, techniques to suppress adsorption of succinic acid, which is a chief by‐product of ethanol fermentation and causes the deterioration in pervaporation performance, onto the silicalite crystals was investigated. The amount adsorbed increased as the pH of the aqueous succinic acid solution decreased. The pervaporation performance also decreased with decreasing pH when the ternary mixtures of ethanol/water/succinic acid were separated. Using silicalite membranes individually coated with two types of silicone rubber, pervaporation performance was significantly improved in the pH range of 5 to 7, when compared with that of non‐coated silicalite membranes in ternary mixtures of ethanol/water/succinic acid. Moreover, when using a silicalite membrane double‐coated with the two types of silicone rubber, pervaporation performance was stabilized at lower pH values. In the separation of bioethanol by pervaporation using the double‐coated silicalite membrane, removal of accumulated substances having an ultraviolet absorption maximum at approximately 260 nm from the fermentation broth proved to be vital for efficient pervaporation. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Performance of black pigments incorporated in interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)

Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) in which two different resins (epoxy and silicone) are not miscible as such with each other is made to do so by using cross-linking agents and catalyst. IPN possess good improved mechanical, chemical, heat and corrosion resistant properties than individual resins. Incorporation of black pigments like graphite, silicon carbide, carbon black and acetylene black has enhanced these properties because of their shape, size, acid and salt solution resistance, conducting nature and heat stability property. Flake structured graphite and hexagonal structured silicon carbide pigments in IPN protect the mild steel structures from corrosive and high temperature atmosphere for longer duration than the other pigments.     

Influence of chain length of tertiary amines on extractability and chemical interactions in reactive extraction of succinic acid

Reactive extraction of succinic acid from aqueous solutions with various tertiary amines dissolved in 1-octanol and in n-heptane has been studied as a function of the chain length of the tertiary amine. In the tertiary amine extractants in 1-octanol, the extractabilities of tertiary amines were proportional to their chain length. But, in n-heptane, the extractabilities of tertiary amines decreased with their chain length. In order to analyze chemical interactions involved in the complexation of succinic acid with amine extractants in 1-octanol and n-heptane, infrared (IR) spectroscopy was used. From IR spectroscopy, it was found that the difference of extractability in 1-octanol and in n-heptane was mainly due to the different degree of intramolecular hydrogen bonding of succinic acid with the polarity of diluents. And the possible stoichiometry of acid-amine-diluent complex was predicted as (1,1), (2,1), (1,1,1). Professor Hyun-Ku Rhee on the occasion of his retirement from Seoul National University     

A Review of Pigments Derived from Marine Natural Products

Since the early 20th century, a number of active natural pigments have been identified from marine sources, especially algae and marine microorganisms. This review presents 81 marine pigments, covering over 90 % known natural marine pigments. The objective of this article is to provide an overview on the types of pigments, their structural characterization, origins and biological functions that make them unique. We divide the major categories of pigments by chemical structure, either as carotenoids, indole derivatives (quinones and violacein), alkaloids (prodiginines and tambjamines), polyenes, macrolides, peptides, or terpenoids. Many of these pigments have a variety of biological activities, including antitumor, antibacterial, antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory. In addition, we discuss the development of biotechnology, and the contribution and utilization of marine natural pigments and the potential applications in the field of pharmaceutical research.     

Biosynthesis and synthesis of natural colours

In nature, the detection of colours requires an organism having some type of eye with a retina and two or three types of photoreceptor connected to a nervous system, which can interpret the signals received. Evidence that certain simple organisms were coloured 1 billion years ago, and some more advanced creatures, which could have possessed eyes a few hundreds of million years ago, is exemplified. A vast array of chemicals essential to life are produced by living organisms and their biosynthesis depends upon individual genetic patterns, which determine the enzyme catalysts involved. Plants photosynthesise many pigments, which are essential for them to maximise the absorption of energy from the sun, while others offer protection from any harmful radiation. Such pigments, for example chlorophylls and the carotenoids, flavonoids and betalains, have traditionally been used as natural dyes, food colorants and medicines. This review compares the chemical processes involved in their biosynthesis and the laboratory methods adopted to confirm their chemical structure. Some engineered biosynthetic methods are now used for commercial production of natural colours and these methods may involve the controversial use of genetic engineering.     

大肠杆菌生产琥珀酸的代谢工程研究进展

琥珀酸是一种重要的化工原料,具有广阔的市场. 微生物发酵法生产琥珀酸可以解决常规化学合成法对石油的依赖. 代谢工程的兴起使重组大肠杆菌生产琥珀酸变为可能,也取得了一定的成效,但是其发酵强度还不够高,且过程中伴随着其他有机酸的积累,因此还不适于工业化生产. 代谢工程以系统生物学为基础,为重组大肠杆菌的进一步改造提供了更合理的依据. 本工作以大肠杆菌生产琥珀酸所涉及的关键酶、代谢途径及其改造为对象,系统综述了大肠杆菌生产琥珀酸所涉及的代谢工程技术及其最新研究进展,并探讨了将来的发展前景.     

丁二酸酐性能及各种生产工艺介绍

丁二酸酐是一种重要的精细化工原料,用途广泛,尤其它的衍生物更是附加值高的精细化工产品,全球丁二酸酐的生产工艺主要有丁二酸脱水法、顺丁烯二酸酐催化加氢法。本文章主要介绍了丁二酸酐的性能、用途和生产工艺技术,并对生产工艺技术进行了比较,顺丁烯二酸酐熔融催化加氢法由于生产成本和综合能耗较低,是最具竞争力,发展前景看好的一种方法。