甘露寡糖对罗非鱼肠道菌群的影响

考察饲料中添加自制酵母甘露寡糖、外购甘露寡糖和黄霉素对奥尼罗非鱼肠道菌群的影响。实验以平均初重20.04±0.13g的奥尼罗非鱼为实验对象,在基础饲料中分别添加0.00%(对照组)、0.5%的自制酵母甘露寡糖、0.5%的外购甘露寡糖和8mg/kg黄霉素。传统菌落计数结果表明,各添加剂都能明显改变幼鱼肠道中的乳酸杆菌和大肠杆菌的数量及比例,饵料中添加0.5%的自制酵母甘露寡糖更能优化罗非鱼肠道微生物的微生态环境。DGGE图谱分析表明,自制酵母甘露寡糖、外购甘露寡糖、黄霉素的加入都改变了罗非鱼原有的肠道微生物的微生态环境,其中自制酵母甘露寡糖对罗非鱼肠道微生物的微生态影响更大。      

富锗木耳对小鼠肠道菌群的影响

通过荧光定量PCR方法,测定了喂饲富锗木耳菌丝体小鼠肠道内大肠杆菌和乳酸杆菌的16srDNA数量,探讨了富锗木耳菌丝体对小鼠肠道菌群的影响。实验结果表明,喂饲富锗木耳菌丝体小鼠肠道内大肠杆菌数量未见明显变化(p>0.05),乳酸杆菌数量显著增加(p<0.01),富锗木耳对肠道菌大肠杆菌无明显的调节作用,对乳酸杆菌的生长繁殖有促进作用。      

富锗木耳对小鼠肠道菌群的影响

通过荧光定量PCR方法,测定了喂饲富锗木耳菌丝体小鼠肠道内大肠杆菌和乳酸杆菌的16s rDNA数量,探讨了富锗木耳菌丝体对小鼠肠道菌群的影响.实验结果表明,喂饲富锗木耳菌丝体小鼠肠道内大肠杆菌数量未见明显变化(p＞0.05),乳酸杆菌数量显著增加(P＜0.01),富锗木耳对肠道菌大肠杆菌无明显的调节作用,对乳酸杆菌的生长繁殖有促进作用.     

酱香大鲵皮肤泡制酒对肠道微生物的影响

该文研究酱香型白酒及不同质量浓度大鲵皮肤泡制的酱香型白酒（MSAS）对肠道微生物的影响,以优化大鲵皮肤泡制浓度。采用实时荧光定量PCR（RT-PCR）方法测定肠道菌群数量。结果表明：6.25 g/L及12.50 g/L的MSAS,与空白对照组相比可显著（P＜0.05）增加肠道乳杆菌（Lactobacillus）数量,维持（P＞0.05）肠道脆弱拟杆菌（Bacteroides fragilis）数量,且与空白及白酒组相比可显著（P＜0.05）降低大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）数量;与白酒组相比,除25.00 g/L以外的MSAS组可显著（P＜0.05）改善白酒对双歧杆菌（Bifidobacterium）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）及总肠道菌群的抑制作用,且12.50 g/L组厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门高于其他处理组,更有利于肠道菌群平衡。6.25 g/L及12.50 g/L的MSAS有进一步研究的意义。     

Effect of erithriol on intestinal microflora and morphology of rat internal organs

In experiences on rats is shown, that 22 daily upkeeping of animals on a diet including eritrit in a dose 1 g/weight of a body, do not cause any changes from the party intestinal microflora and morphological structure of internal bodies. However, the specified doze eritrit causes statistically authentic increase of levels conditionally-pathogenic anaerobius of the representatives microflora, first of all staphylococcus and citratessimilation enterobacteria.     

Stress and intestinal microflora

In this overview the actual international knowledge regarding phenomenons and their proven or speculated mechanisms of adaptative microecological, hormonal and immunological responses to neuroemotional stress conditions including space-flights is represented. In most cases a decreased stability of the intestinal microflora provokes further reactions of the body. The necessity to predict the various possible disorders and to find optimal measures for their prophylaxis and elimination is emphasized.     

Effect of temperature and pH on the degradation of fructo-oligosaccharides

The degradation process of fructo-oligosaccharides has been studied in buffered solution affected by temperature and pH. The system has been incubated at 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 oC; pH has been varied between 2.7 and 3.3. The carbohydrate compositions of the solution-samples have been analyzed by an accurate analytical method for oligosaccharide determination (HPLC with differential refractometric detection). Under acidic condition the hydrolysis of fructo-oligosaccharides is insignificant at 60 oC; however, already at 70–80 oC it is so considerable, that the amount of them could be bisected in 1–2 h. Meanwhile, all of the oligomers are degraded in 1–1.5 h at 90–100 oC. The increase of proton concentration of the solution makes degradation faster; however, there is a slighter effect of pH on the rate of hydrolysis than of temperature in the studied range. The rate of the changes in the value of average degree of polymerisation (DP_a) significantly depends on the temperature and pH.     

转GmDREB1基因抗旱小麦对大鼠肠道菌群的影响

目的通过动物试验观察转Gm DREB1基因抗旱小麦对大鼠肠道菌群的细菌种类、数量的影响。方法60只SD大鼠按性别、体质量随机分为3组:转基因小麦组(A组)、亲本小麦对照组(B组)和AIN-93对照组(C组),分别饲喂相应饲料12个月。无菌采集大鼠粪便样品,用于五种常见菌群的分离培养计数及变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)分析。结果喂养饲料后,A组及B组雄性、雌性大鼠粪便中双歧杆菌、乳杆菌的数量均高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);试验前后,A组及B组大鼠粪便中常见菌群数差异无统计学意义(P0.05);A组与B组DGGE图谱的每条泳道的条带数目、多样性指数差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。聚类分析结果显示,A组及B组样品的组间相似性较高,未出现明显分支。结论未发现转Gm DREB1基因小麦对大鼠肠道菌群有不利影响。     

焦谷氨酸对高盐饮食小鼠肠道健康及肠道菌群的作用

建立高盐饮食小鼠模型,给予小鼠焦谷氨酸干预,通过对小鼠小肠病理学分析和形态学观察,检测炎性细胞因子、粪便中白蛋白渗漏量等相关物质,结合高通量测序分析小鼠盲肠内容物中菌群的 α-多样性、β-多样性及基于门、属水平的物种组成,探究焦谷氨酸对高盐饮食小鼠肠道健康和肠道菌群的作用,开发其新应用方向.结果表明,焦谷氨酸可以显著缓...     

饲粮中添加果寡糖对生长猪生产性能和免疫机能的影响

在玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮(对照组)中分别添加50 mg/kg的抗生素(硫酸粘杆菌素和杆菌肽锌按1∶5比例配制)(Ⅱ组),0.1%(Ⅲ组)、0.3%(Ⅳ组)和0.5%(Ⅴ组)的果寡糖(FOS),进行为期40 d的试验,研究其对猪生长性能和免疫机能的影响。结果表明:与对照组比较,Ⅳ、Ⅴ组平均日增重提高9.21%和6.05%(P0.05);Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅱ组;但Ⅳ、Ⅴ组与抗生素组差异不显著;Ⅳ组料肉比显著低于对照组7.34%,且腹泻率最低。与对照组比较,Ⅳ、Ⅴ组猪血清甘油三酯水平降低显著;Ⅴ组猪血清总胆固醇较对照组、抗生素组降低显著。与对照组比较,Ⅳ组血清IgA水平显著提高42.86%;Ⅳ、Ⅴ组IgG比抗生素组分别提高32.94%(P0.05)和38.82%(P0.05)。以添加量为0.3%FOS效果最佳。     

PCR—DGGE法分析婴儿肠道菌群多样性

利用PCR—DGGE技术探究婴儿肠道菌群的多样性,为益生菌在婴儿配方乳粉中的应用提供理论依据。采用细菌的16S rDNA V3区通用引物,以15例食源性腹泻婴儿和15例健康婴儿粪便样本的总DNA为模板,PCR扩增后进行变形梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)分析。结果表明:30份粪便样本的DGGE图谱均表现为高度多态性。食源性腹泻婴儿肠道菌群多样性与健康组婴儿肠道菌群多样性有明显差异,且食源性腹泻婴儿肠道菌群多样性较低。通过聚类分析和相似度分析,可以得出食源性腹泻婴儿的肠道菌群有高度的相似性,与健康婴儿的肠道菌群有明显的差异。PCR—DGGE技术可以初步分析婴儿肠道菌群的多样性,进而为婴儿配方乳粉的研制提供理论依据。     

Composition of the intestinal microflora in children with hypotrophy

The intestinal microflora was investigated in 120 children aged 1 month to 2 years with different forms of hypotrophy. The majority of the children demonstrated an impairment of intestinal biocenosis manifesting by dysbacteriosis of different gravity. The relationship was discovered between the depth of the dysbiotic abnormalities and the underlying etiological factor that promoted the development of the chronic nutrition distress, hypotrophy gravity, the type of feeding, and treatment. The treatment of hypotrophy with bacterial drug inclusion made the children's intestinal microflora return to normal or appreciably improved it. The dysbiotic abnormalities in children with hypotrophy should be regarded as the result of the long-term use of antibacterial therapy (not justified in all the cases) in this patients' group, of inadequate feeding, and a considerable decrease of the body resistance.     

Biochemical activity of intestinal microflora in adult coeliac disease

In order to answer up to now open questions regarding the role of the microflora in the pathophysiology of adult coeliac disease the excretion of bacterial metabolites in urine has been followed. Unusual high outputs of p-cresol and/or phenol were found in almost all patient, whereas an increased excretion of indican could be observed in a few persons, only. The response to short-term antibacterial therapy was variable.     

壳聚糖硒对肉仔鸡生产性能、肠道菌群的影响

试验共设5个组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组在基础日粮中分别添加0.01％、0.05％、0.10％和0.20％壳聚糖硒,试验期42d.结果表明:与对照组相比,在1～42 d时,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组平均日增重分别提高了2.52％(P＞0.05)、9.88％ (P＜0.05)、11.82％ (P＜0.05)和9.30％ (P＜0.05),平均日采食量分别提高了2.28％(P＞0.05)、4.67％ (P＞0.05)、4.24％ (P＞0.05)和9.24％ (P＜0.05),料重比Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别降低了4.49％ (P＞0.05)、6.74％ (P＜0.05);在22～42 d时,盲肠内双歧杆菌数量分别提高了0.59％ (P＞0.05)、3.79％ (P＞0.05)、7.23％(P＜0.05)和0.95％ (P＞0.05),乳酸杆菌数量分别提高了0.48％ (P＞0.05)、4.78％ (P＞0.05)、5.38％ (P＜0.05)和5.26％ (P＜0.05),大肠埃希菌数量分别降低了6.06％ (P＞0.05)、10.88％ (P＜0.05)、15.57％ (P＜0.05)和21.51％ (P＜0.01).壳聚糖硒适宜的添加水平为0.10％.