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采用合理的工艺参数在原始组织为淬火态的M2(W6Mo5Cr4V2)高速钢齿轮刀具试样表面进行激光熔凝淬火,再在570℃温度下进行一次回火。根据显微组织的形态特征,划分出激光淬火加热层的分布区域;分析了显微组织与显微硬度的对应关系;建立了显微硬度拟合曲线的数学模型。研究表明,经激光熔凝淬火+一次回火的M2高速钢加热层显微组织由外向内分为熔化区、微熔区、相变硬化区、回火软带和不充分回火区5个区域,并呈同心圆环分布,分别对应等轴晶及树枝晶、粗等轴晶及细等轴晶、马氏体+残余奥氏体+未熔碳化物、回火索氏体、短暂回火后略微软化的基体组织.与显微硬度具有良好对应关系;齿轮刀具激光熔凝淬火表面应该是后刀面和侧后刀面;高精度拟合的显微硬度曲线有助于预测和有效控制经激光强化的齿轮刀具刀刃精磨后在加热层中的位置及切削性能。 相似文献
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为了提高SKD61模具钢表面的硬度和抗疲劳性能,采用激光熔凝处理方法对模具钢进行表面强化,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及附带的能谱仪等分析了SKD61钢激光熔凝处理区的显微组织和化学成分,测试了不同区域的显微硬度,并对处理后的模具进行使用试验。结果表明:激光熔凝处理后SKD61钢组织分为熔凝区、热影响区和基体三层,熔凝区组织为极细的等轴晶和柱状晶,消除了夹杂相,合金元素基本均匀分布;与常规热处理相比,熔凝区的显微硬度显著提高;经激光熔凝处理的SKD61钢顶盖压铸模具的使用寿命提高了1倍以上。 相似文献
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利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪等分析手段,重点研究激光重熔镍基合金热喷焊层经不同时效工艺处理后的组织结构变化过程,并对其进行显微硬度测定的比较。试验结果表明,镍基合金热喷焊层经激光重熔处理后,组织得到明显的细化和改善,重熔喷焊层组织主要由细小的树枝晶及枝晶间极细的层片状共晶构成;在时效温度(600℃)一定的条件下,随着时效时间的延长,树枝晶仍保持原来的形态,而共晶组织发生球状化过程改变了层片状组织形态,同时基体中析出了大量弥散分布的硬质相,使重熔喷焊层仍保持较高的硬度;在时效时间(6 h)一定的条件下,随着时效温度的不断升高,树枝晶也发生明显的变化,转变为等轴状,同时基体中析出的碳化物相不但发生聚集长大,而且类型也发生转变,使重熔喷焊层的硬度开始逐渐下降;当时效温度超过800℃后,重熔喷焊层的硬度出现较大幅度下降的趋势。 相似文献
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采用激光熔敷技术在42CrMo钢基体上制备了不同铌含量的镍基合金熔敷层,研究了铌含量对熔敷层显微组织、物相组成、显微硬度的影响。结果表明:在镍基合金熔敷层与基体结合处、熔敷层中部、熔敷层表面的组织分别为平面晶、树枝晶、粒状等轴晶组织;随着铌含量的增加,熔敷层组织逐渐由γ-Ni奥氏体、CrB、M7C3和M23C6以及Ni31Si12相转变为由γ-Ni枝晶、枝晶间共晶、NbC小颗粒和少量CrBC4等;当铌质量分数达到10%时,组织明显细化;熔敷层的显微硬度随着铌含量的增加而增大,当铌质量分数达到10%时,显微硬度最高,达到约550HV0.2,约为不含铌镍基合金熔敷层的两倍。 相似文献
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冶金用铸钢轧辊激光熔凝强化的研究和应用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
采用5kW连续CO2激光器和激光加工机床对冶金用铸钢轧辊进行激光熔凝强化处理,研制了专用的激光熔凝处理吸光涂料;进行了显微组织分析和硬度测试;对搭接区的回火软化问题和硬化区在热轧过程中回火的问题进行了分析和试验研究。结果表明:激光熔凝强化区和相变硬化区的组织为细小的马氏体+残余奥氏体+碳化物;轧辊的表面硬度由原有的HS35~40升高到HS70~85;强化区的深度可达2mm。在实际应用中,轧辊过钢量提高了1.5~1.8倍,使激光熔凝处理成为提高轧辊过钢量的一个有效途径。 相似文献
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We describe the microstructure of Nd:YAG continuous wave laser surface melted high‐speed steel, namely AISI M2, treated with different laser scanning speeds and beam diameters on its surface. Microstructural characterization of the remelted surface layer was performed using light optical and scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The combination of the three techniques provided new insights into the substantial changes induced by laser surface melting of the steel surface layer. The advantage of the method is that it avoids the difficult and tedious work of preparing samples of this hard material for transmission electron microscopy, which is the technique normally used to study these fine microstructures. A melted zone with a dendritic structure and a partially melted zone with a heterogeneous cellular structure were observed. M2C carbides with different morphologies were identified in the resolidified surface layer after laser melting. 相似文献
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基于有限元的激光熔覆凝固过程分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对激光熔覆过程中温度变化对其凝固组织的影响,讨论了温度梯度G与冷却速度(即降温阶段的温度变化率)对凝固组织的影响,利用形状控制因子K分析了激光熔覆过程的凝固行为。分析结果表明:在热源中心的正下方晶粒是沿基体垂直方向析出的;冷却速度有细化晶粒的作用,冷却速度越大,晶粒越细小;熔覆材料或基材达到熔点的时间与达到最大冷却速度时间的先后顺序对其凝固组织形态有重要影响,若冷却速度先达到最大值,其组织呈胞状晶粒,否则,其组织呈柱形树枝晶。K在80×106~120×106℃.s时,凝固组织为密布排列且粒径较大的胞状晶粒;当K大于200×106℃.s时,凝固组织为柱形树枝晶。 相似文献
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This article presents the microstructure of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser‐melted high‐speed steel, namely HS6‐5‐2. The high chemical homogeneity and fine structure of the melted zone was attributed to high cooling rates due to the short duration of interaction with the Nd:YAG pulsed laser radiation and the relatively small volume of the melted material. The structure obtained in the surface layer after laser melting has a high level of hardness and shows improved wear resistance. 相似文献
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采用CO2激光熔覆装置将LC3530铁基粉熔覆在35CrMo钢基体表面,研究了熔覆层的显微组织、硬度和耐磨性能,并与基体的进行对比。结果表明:基体组织为回火索氏体,晶粒尺寸在20μm左右,而熔覆层的组织为均匀细小的等轴晶,晶粒尺寸大多在8μm;基体的平均硬度为254.1HV,而熔覆层的平均硬度为640.5HV,且硬度分布更加均匀;在相同试验条件下,熔覆层试样的磨损量仅为基体试样的1/7,磨损系数是基体试样的1/5,且磨损后熔覆层试样的表面粗糙度较磨损前的大幅下降,表明激光熔覆后35CrMo钢的耐磨性能得到显著提高;基体试样的磨损机制为犁削磨损,而熔覆层试样的磨损机制为微观切削,其优异的耐磨性能与含有铁、铬、钼和碳等元素的高硬度合金碳化物的形成有关。 相似文献
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AbstractAs a 3D printing technology, selective laser melting has remarkable advantages such as high processing flexibility, high material utilization, and short production cycle. The applications of selective laser melting technology in industry have become quite extensive. There are many tribological studies on selective laser melting materials, but few based on water lubrication (Zhu, et al., Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A, 19(2), pp 95–110). In this article, the tribological properties of 316L stainless steel processed by selective laser melting and traditional methods have been studied under water lubrication. Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) filled with carbon fiber (CF)/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/graphite was selected as the counterpart. 316L stainless steel and PEEK are a tribopair commonly used in water hydraulics. This study is of great significance to the application of selective laser melting material of tribopairs in water hydraulics. Friction and wear tests were carried out on a pin-on-disc contact test apparatus under different operating conditions. The friction coefficient, specific wear coefficient, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the worn surface, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) of the surface adhesions of the three tribopairs were measured and compared. The results revealed that the friction coefficient of the selective laser melting (SLM) 316L stainless steel was significantly higher than that of traditionally processed (TP) 316L stainless steel, which might be caused by the pores on the surface of SLM 316L stainless steel. Adhesion and cutting on the surface of SLM 316L stainless steel were also more serious, resulting in a higher specific wear coefficient of its counterpart PEEK composite compared to PEEK composite against TP 316L stainless steel. 相似文献
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利用粉末冶金技术,原位烧结合成了(Ti,V)C钢结硬质合金,并用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪等研究了热处理对原位烧结(Ti,V)C钢结硬质合金组织和耐磨性的影响。结果表明:烧结态(Ti,V)C钢结硬质合金基体组织为细珠光体组织;1 000℃淬火后的组织转变为片状马氏体+(Ti,V)C硬质相颗粒+少量未溶碳化物;回火过程中合金具有较高的抗回火稳定性,在500℃左右回火时存在二次硬化现象;该合金在1 000℃淬火、经250,500℃回火后具有较好的耐磨性。 相似文献