花生过敏原蛋白Ara h 6基因克隆和原核表达

本实验首先从花生中提取总RNA,利用反转录聚合酶链式反应技术克隆了花生过敏原蛋白Ara h 6全cDNA,并以此为模板扩增出Ara h 6目的基因。将目的基因与pMD19-T Simple质粒进行重组后转入BL21（DE3）宿主表达菌中,异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷诱导产物表达,并利用镍离子亲和层析纯化表达产物。DNA测序结果显示Ara h 6基因片段全长为438 bp,编码145 个氨基酸,与已知该蛋白DNA序列97%相同;十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果显示表达产物分子质量为24 kD,与融合组氨酸标签的重组Ara h 6蛋白理论分子质量相符;质谱鉴定结果表明重组蛋白的一级结构与天然Ara h 6匹配度为100%;Western blotting结果显示融合蛋白能够为抗Ara h 6多克隆抗体所识别,具有免疫原性。     

花生致敏原Ara h 1的重组表达与纯化

Ara h 1是花生中含量最高的过敏原,也是致敏性较高的蛋白之一。目前提纯Ara h 1的方法大多涉及2至3步柱层析,步骤繁琐且成本较高。本文中,将带有6×his标签的Ara h 1基因与pET-32a表达载体融合,构建重组质粒并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3) pLysS,诱导使其表达目标蛋白。菌体裂解后使用Ni-NTA吸附、梯度洗脱对Ara h 1进行纯化。采用质谱及Western-blot鉴定纯化蛋白的种类及免疫活性。结果显示,质粒中目标基因的序列与NCBI数据库中Ara h 1的基因数据相符;300 mmol/L异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷22℃诱导菌液22 h时蛋白表达量最高;添加15 mmol/L十二烷基磺酸钠可将蛋白释放到上清液中,使用含50,100mmol/L咪唑的洗脱液分别洗脱2次和1次后得到纯度较高且免疫原性良好的重组Ara h 1。     

花生中致敏蛋白Ara h6的分离纯化实验研究

以天然花生为原料,冷榨去油并粉碎之后,通过浸提获得Ara h6粗蛋白液,再采用阴离子交换柱层析和分子筛凝胶过滤法进一步纯化,使用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和飞行时间串联质谱对Ara h6蛋白进行鉴定。结果表明:分离纯化出的Ara h6蛋白纯度达到95%以上。     

花生过敏原Ara h7基因的克隆及序列分析

目的克隆花生Ara h7基因cDNA序列,并对其序列进行分析。方法采用Trizol法,从花生子叶中提取花生RNA,经反转录PCR,克隆花生Ara h7 cDNA序列;采用生物信息学软件对Ara h7序列进行分析,预测蛋白结构及功能。结果 Ara h7 cDNA序列有482 bp,编码160个氨基酸。生物信息学分析结果显示Ara h7蛋白是一种亲水性蛋白,分子量为18.881 kDa,具有9个潜在的磷酸化位点,5个不同的B细胞线性表位。结论本研究成功克隆了Ara h7 cDNA序列,并采用生物信息学软件分析了基因编码的蛋白的特征。     

花生过敏原Ara h 6的分离纯化及鉴定

为高效分离纯化花生过敏原Ara h 6,通过脱脂、蛋白浸提、阴离子交换层析分离得到目的蛋白,并用十二烷基磺酸钠- 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)、基质辅助激光解吸/ 电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF/MS)及免疫印迹技术(Western blotting)对其进行鉴定。结果表明,该蛋白为花生过敏原Ara h 6,其分子质量约为15kD,纯度大于95%,得率为22.5%。该方法简单、高效,可为花生过敏的进一步研究提供实验材料。     

花生过敏原Ara h2.02原核表达方法条件的研究

将重组质粒pET-32a(+)-Arah2.02转化表达宿主菌Rosetta(DE3)中,经IPTG诱导表达,SDS—PAGE电泳分析,结果显示表达的蛋白大小约为38kDa。进一步用通用His标签抗体进行Western Blotting检测,结果表明成功克隆表达了花生过敏原Arah2.02。为获得较多的重组蛋白Arah2.02,分别对IPTG浓度、摇床转速、诱导温度和时间等条件进行选择,确定最佳条件为:IPTG浓度0.3mmol/L,摇床转速220r/min,诱导温度37℃,诱导时间2h。     

重组花生过敏原Ara h 2生物合成

为获得重组花生过敏原Ara h 2。通过RT-PCR 合成cDNA,并以此为模板进行PCR 扩增目的基因Ara h 2,扩增产物经纯化后克隆至pMD19-T Simple 载体中,构建重组质粒pMD19-T-Ara h 2。上述重组质粒经酶切纯化后定向克隆到pGEX-4T-1 表达载体中,构建原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1-Ara h 2,并转化表达宿主菌BL21-codonPlus(DE3)-RIPL 中,经IPTG 诱导表达。SDS-PAGE 电泳结果表明,该表达蛋白大小约为46kD,与理论值相符。通过Glutathione Sepharose 4B 凝胶亲和层析方法纯化融合蛋白GST-Ara h 2,获得融合蛋白纯度约为90%。Western blotting 分析表明,经纯化的融合蛋白能与抗Ara h 2 兔血清发生特异性反应,说明该蛋白具有良好的免疫原性。     

离子交换层析法分离花生过敏原Ara h2的研究

为了制备出花生中重要过敏原Arah2,以生花生为材料,采用脱脂、离心、膜透析、离子交换层析等方法,纯化花生过敏原Arah2。结果显示,采用阴离子交换层析方法,制取的Arah2蛋白纯度达90%,得率为21.9%,该方法为过敏原Arah2的分离研究提供了可行的实验参数。     

基于焦磷酸测序的花生过敏原基因ara h6检测技术研究

应用焦磷酸测序技术建立了检测食品中花生过敏原基因Ara h6的快速检测方法,该检测方法对花生过敏原成分具有很好的特异性和重现性,测序结果在GenBank中进行同源性比对分析,表明目标序列能够作为鉴定花生过敏原成分很好的特征序列,为食品中的花生过敏原成分快速检测提供良好的技术支撑,保证了食品进出口和食用安全。     

花生中主要过敏原Ara h1的纯化

为了得到花生中引起过敏反应的主要致敏成分Ara h1,以新鲜花生为材料,通过粉碎、脱脂、硫酸铵分步盐析等方法进行粗提;并用离子交换柱以及凝胶柱等方法来进一步纯化过敏原Ara h1。采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）分析了纯化后的过敏原Ara h1的纯度,并用高效液相色谱法测定其纯度达到90%以上。      

Proteolytic processing of the peanut allergen Ara h 3

The allergen Ara h 3 has been purified recently from peanuts. In contrast to recombinant Ara h 3, a 60 kDa single-chain polypeptide, the allergen isolated from its native source is extensively proteolytically processed. The characteristic proteolytic processing for 11S plant storage proteins of the glycinin family is observed for Ara h 3 yielding an acidic and a basic subunit, bound by a disulfide bridge. In addition to this, proteolytic truncation is observed for the acidic subunit but not for the basic subunit of Ara h 3. A series of Ara h 3 polypeptides ranging from 13-45 kDa was separated by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and each band was digested by trypsin. Peptides related to the bands were identified and a scheme positioning the different polypeptides in the Ara h 3 sequence has been constructed. Peptide analysis showed sequence heterogeneity at two positions indicating the presence of multiple genes encoding variant, but highly homologous Ara h 3 proteins. The pool of Ara h 3 polypeptides from its native source illustrated that allergen from the peanut is much more complex than the recombinant protein used for epitope mapping experiments. From several Ara h 3 truncation products one or more immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding sites had been removed. Characterization of the allergenicity of Ara h 3 should therefore also include IgE-binding studies with peanut-derived Ara h 3, providing the high degree of variation in the Ara h 3 protein structure, as this is what peanut-allergic individuals are confronted with.     

花生致敏蛋白Ara h2提取纯化及免疫分析

对花生致敏蛋白Ara h2的提取纯化方法进行探究以及对纯化后的花生致敏蛋白Ara h2的免疫特性进行鉴定,以建立得率较高、操作简单的蛋白纯化方法。     

Digestion of peanut allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, and Ara h 6: A comparative in vitro study and partial characterization of digestion‐resistant peptides

Scope : There are differences in stability to pepsin between the major allergens in peanut; however, data are from different reports using different digestion models. This study provides a comprehensive comparison of the digestibility of the major peanut allergens. Methods and results : Peanut allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3 and Ara h 6 were incubated with pepsin to mimic the effect of gastric digestion. Samples were analyzed using SDS‐PAGE. To further investigate resistance to digestion, Ara h 2 was additionally subjected to digestion with trypsin and residual peptides were characterized. Ara h 1 and Ara h 3 were rapidly hydrolyzed by pepsin. On the contrary, Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 were resistant to pepsin digestion, even at very high concentrations of pepsin. In fact, limited proteolysis could only be demonstrated by SDS‐PAGE performed under reducing conditions, indicating an important role for the disulfide bridges in maintaining the quaternary structure of Ara h 2 and Ara h 6. Trypsin digestion of Ara h 2 similarly resulted in large residual peptides and these were identified. Conclusion : Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 are considerably more stable towards digestion than Ara h 1 and Ara h 3.     

花生过敏及其主要致敏原Ara h1的研究进展

花生是一种具有致敏作用的重要食品,能够引起严重的过敏反应。花生的致敏性研究是食物安全研究领域的一个重要课题。本文主要论述了近年来花生致敏现状及花生主要致敏原Ara h1研究进展,包括花生致敏特点、脱敏方法等方面的内容。对降低花生引起的过敏反应风险具有一定意义,同时为对花生过敏者的临床脱敏治疗提供理论依据。     

花生致敏蛋白Ara h1和Ara h2纯化鉴定方法研究进展

对主要花生过敏蛋白Ara h1和Ara h2的提取纯化方法以及纯化后Ara h1、Ara h2的鉴定方法进行了综述。     

Effect of thermal and electric field treatment on the conformation of Ara h 6 peanut protein allergen

The study uses molecular dynamic simulation to evaluate the effect of static and oscillating electric field (2450 MHz) of intensity 0.05 V/nm at different temperatures 300 K, 380 K and 425 K on structural conformation of Ara h 6 peanut protein allergen. The conformational changes in the protein were studied with respect to root mean square deviation, radius of gyration, dipole moment and solvent accessible surface area. The increase in temperature and application of external electric fields, both static and oscillating fields had significant effect on the conformation of Ara h 6, specifically the helical secondary structures. It was observed that the root mean square deviation increased with a rise in temperature and application of external electric fields had no significant effect on it at any given temperatures. This study also demonstrated that exposure to external stresses including thermal and electric fields induces conformational changes in the protein structure, which may impact its physico-chemical properties.Industrial relevance

• •The work was performed to understand the influence of food processing on protein and the changes in their structure using molecular modeling concept.
• •Molecular Dynamics Simulations have been applied to visualize the folding and unfolding of the protein structure depending on the amount of stress applied on the system.
• •This work can help in modification and optimization of process parameters (like temperature and time) to enhance the protein functional properties and digestibility in the end product.
• •Increasing digestibility would automatically result in higher nutritional absorption in the body, decreased immunoreactivity and overall better nutritional quality.