可食性复合涂膜对芒果货架期生理品质的影响

以壳聚糖和可食性淀粉为成膜剂,添加有机酸等亲水性助剂,配制3种可食性复合膜(M1、M2和M3),研究(20±0.5)℃条件货架期内不同可食性复合涂膜处理(以蒸馏水浸泡做空白对照)对芒果转黄率、转色指数、腐烂率、呼吸强度、硬度、质量损失率、可溶性固形物含量(soluble solid content,SSC)、维生素C(VC)和多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)活性等生理指标的影响。结果表明：芒果货架期期间,涂膜处理可以有效地抑制果实转黄和腐烂,推迟果实呼吸高峰的到来,显著降低芒果果实的转色指数和软化程度,提高果实硬度。同时,M3处理还可较好地保持果实的质地,有效减缓果实SSC上升的速度和幅度,维持果实较高的VC含量,但对果实PPO活性的抑制与其他涂膜处理间差异不显著。研究表明,涂膜处理可以显著改善芒果货架期期间品质劣变情况,尤以M3涂膜处理效果最好。     

不同涂膜处理对马铃薯货架期品质的影响

以液体石蜡、植物油为涂膜材料,研究温度在15～20℃条件下各涂膜处理对马铃薯块茎呼吸强度、vc,还原糖、失重率、发芽率,腐烂率、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性的影响.结果表明:两种涂膜处理可以明显抑制马铃薯块茎的呼吸强度,减少V<,c>含量的损失,降低还原糖含量,抑制PPO活性,降低块茎的失重率、发芽率、腐烂率,从而有效地延长块茎的货架期.     

可食性涂膜在番茄贮藏保鲜中的研究进展

可食性涂膜因具有天然安全、可降解的特点,成为当前果蔬保鲜的研究热点.为进一步提高番茄贮藏品质,延长保鲜期,综述了单一可食性涂膜和复合可食性涂膜在番茄贮藏保鲜中的应用现状及研究进展,分析不同涂膜材料对番茄的保鲜效果,指出复合可食性涂膜相比于单一涂膜,具有更好的成膜性能、机械性能、阻隔性能和抑菌效果,能更有效地实现番茄的贮藏保鲜.对番茄贮藏保鲜今后的发展提出建议,为番茄天然安全贮藏保鲜技术的应用研究提供参考.     

不同可食性涂膜对方竹笋保鲜效果的影响

以卡拉胶、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、海藻酸钠和魔芋多糖制备了四种涂膜保鲜剂,通过测定失重、呼吸强度、总酸和总糖、蛋白质、总叶绿素和总类胡萝卜素含量变化,并结合感官变化研究了这四种涂膜剂对方竹笋保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:四种涂膜剂均可以延长方竹笋的保鲜期。0.6%卡拉胶和0.3%魔芋多糖效果最优,用这两种涂膜剂处理竹笋,贮藏25d,保鲜效果优于其他两组。并且以卡拉胶和魔芋多糖涂膜符合天然涂膜保鲜剂的发展趋势,用于竹笋的保鲜必将有良好的市场前景。     

不同可食性涂膜对方竹笋保鲜效果的影响

以卡拉胶、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、海藻酸钠和魔芋多糖制备了四种涂膜保鲜剂,通过测定失重、呼吸强度、总酸和总糖、蛋白质、总叶绿素和总类胡萝卜素含量变化,并结合感官变化研究了这四种涂膜剂对方竹笋保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:四种涂膜剂均可以延长方竹笋的保鲜期。0.6%卡拉胶和0.3%魔芋多糖效果最优,用这两种涂膜剂处理竹笋,贮藏25d,保鲜效果优于其他两组。并且以卡拉胶和魔芋多糖涂膜符合天然涂膜保鲜剂的发展趋势,用于竹笋的保鲜必将有良好的市场前景。      

真空预冷复合可食性涂膜保鲜技术对新鲜猪肉品质的影响

通过不同的预冷方式及不同的涂膜方式对新鲜猪肉进行预处理,并将预处理后的猪肉置于(0±2)℃温度下的冷库中贮藏。同时,通过测定新鲜猪肉在贮藏过程中的理化、微生物指标来评价不同处理方式的优劣。结果表明,真空预冷复合可食性涂膜技术在防止水分损失、抗氧化及抑制微生物方面表现出极佳的正相关。无论在理化指标还是在微生物指标上都优于其他组。     

可食性涂膜保鲜技术在冷鲜肉中的应用研究进展

冷鲜肉因其具有较好的口感,较高的营养价值和安全系数,广受消费者青睐,但是较短的货架期制约了冷鲜肉产业的进一步发展,对冷鲜肉进行保鲜处理从而延长其货架期是亟待解决的关键核心问题。可食性涂膜作为一种新型保鲜技术,可以在一定程度上解决冷鲜肉的包装及保鲜问题,延长其货架期。本文综述了可食性涂膜保鲜技术的原理、工艺及材料,例举其在肉类保鲜中的应用研究进展,分析了目前存在的问题,并对今后的研究内容和发展方向提出展望,以期为该技术在冷鲜肉中的进一步发展和应用提供参考。     

果蔬可食性保鲜涂膜技术应用及机理最新研究进展

在全球关注合成塑料包装危害的背景下，天然生物降解包装材料在食品包装中受到越来越多的关注。在过去十年中，将可食用涂层作为替代合成塑料包装用于水果和蔬菜的保鲜方法一直是研究的重点。该文综述了可食性涂膜在果蔬采后领域的最新研究成果，分析了脂质基、多糖基和蛋白质基可食性涂膜用于果蔬保鲜时的优势与短板，指出多种成膜基质复配并适当添加具有改善膜特性及抑菌等功能性结合材料的复合型可食性涂膜是该领域未来发展方向。在此基础上，总结了果蔬可食性涂膜保鲜机理，对未来创新、开发和应用进行了展望，以期为未来果蔬采后生产实践中进一步提质降损提供研究思路。     

黄皮精油-壳聚糖复合涂膜对番木瓜果实常温贮藏品质及生理的影响

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海藻酸钠涂膜保鲜对冰温大黄鱼品质和货架期的影响

为探讨冰温贮藏与海藻酸钠对大黄鱼品质及货架期的影响,以冰鲜有氧贮藏大黄鱼为对照,分别用质量分数为0%、1. 0%、1. 5%和2. 0%的海藻酸钠涂膜大黄鱼,鱼体真空包装后冰温(-1℃)贮藏,分析鱼体微生物(菌落总数、产H2S菌数)、理化(pH、TVBN和TBA)、感官评价和质构等指标变化。结果表明,海藻酸钠涂膜处理组能有效延缓感官品质下降,色泽质构特性明显改善,细菌生长受到明显抑制。各处理组的pH值、TVBN、TBA等指标均优于对照组,其中1. 5%海藻酸钠涂膜大黄鱼TVBN、TBA、菌落总数和产H2S菌生长要比1. 0%和2. 0%变化慢,抑菌效果较好,有效延长货架期至29 d。该研究作为大黄鱼保鲜加工领域的参考具有一定的应用价值。     

食用槟榔货架期内品质控制研究

目的：探究食用槟榔返卤返白的原因。方法：主要通过搜集2000—2020年涉及食用槟榔卤水专利，以及相关工厂案例进行研究与分析。结果：在食用槟榔卤水的制备过程中原料的粒径大小、环境温度与湿度的高低、样品中水分含量及设备的自动化程度均可能造成食用槟榔返卤返白。结论：加工槟榔时应采取以严格控制水分、复配添加剂使用为主，工艺包装调整为辅,给予低温贮藏市售环境的方法，抑制返卤返白的产生。     

Potential applications and limitations of edible coatings for maintaining tomato quality and shelf life

Tomato is among the most commercialised fruits due to its high nutritional value and health-promoting compounds. However, tomatoes have a short shelf life and plastic packaging materials are used to mitigate perishability. Nevertheless, the exhaustion of nonrenewable natural resources used to produce plastics and demand for eco-friendly packaging entailed search for other alternatives. Edible coatings have emerged as an effective and environmentally friendly alternative to protect fruits from physical and chemical deterioration, and microbial spoilage. Edible coating can be produced from natural raw materials such as lipids, proteins and polysaccharides. The aim of this review was to assess the recent scientific literature regarding the application of edible coatings in maintaining quality and enhancing shelf life of tomatoes. This review has collected and analysed the most recent studies about the application of edible coatings of tomato. The available literature has indicated that different edible coatings have the potential to maintain physico-chemical and sensory qualities and improve shelf life of tomatoes. Despite several benefits, edible coatings have poor barrier properties, and some of edible coatings impart undesirable flavour on produce. The review suggests that blending edible coatings with essential oil and active compounds using nanotechnologies could be used to overcome the limitations of edible coatings.     

Effect of whey protein isolate-pullulan edible coatings on the quality and shelf life of freshly roasted and freeze-dried Chinese chestnut

ABSTRACT:  Harvested chestnut is characterized by a short shelf life, exposing many Chinese producers to a storage problem as product losses are very high. The objective of this study was to develop a suitable technology to extend the shelf life of harvested chestnut fruits for commercial use. The effect of whey protein isolate–pullulan (WPI–Pul) coating on fresh-roasted chestnuts (FRC) and roasted freeze-dried chestnut (RFDC) quality and shelf life was studied under 2 different storage temperature (4 and 20 °C) conditions. Coatings were formed directly onto the surface of the fruits by dipping them into a film solution. SEM micrographs showed homogeneous WPI–Pul to cover the whole surface of chestnut with good adherence and perfect integrity. Moisture loss or gain, fruit quality, and shelf life were evaluated by weight loss or gain, surface color development, and visible decay during the storage period of 15 to 120 d at 4 and 20 °C, respectively. WPI–Pul coating had a low, yet significant effect on reducing moisture loss and decay incidence of FRC, hence delaying changes in their external color. The results were satisfactory when the coating was done with freeze-drying at low temperature storage, thus improving the quality and increasing the shelf life. This provides an alternative strategy to minimize the significant losses in harvested chestnut.     

Alginate- and gellan-based edible films for probiotic coatings on fresh-cut fruits

ABSTRACT:  Alginate- (2% w/v) or gellan-based (0.5%) edible films, containing glycerol (0.6% to 2.0%), N-acetylcysteine (1%), and/or ascorbic acid (1%) and citric acid (1%), were formulated and used to coat fresh-cut apple and papaya cylinders. Water vapor permeability (WVP) was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in alginate films (0.30 to 0.31 × 10⁻⁹g m/Pa s m²) than in the gellan ones (0.26 to 0.27 × 10⁻⁹g m/Pa s m²). Addition of 0.025% (w/v) sunflower oil decreased WVP of gellan films (0.20 to 0.22 × 10⁻⁹ g m/Pa s m²). Water solubility of gellan and alginate films at 25 °C (0.47 to 0.59 and 0.74 to 0.79, respectively) and their swelling ratios (2.3 to 2.6 and 1.6 to 2.0, respectively) indicate their potential for coating high moisture fresh-cut fruits. Fresh-cut apple and papaya cylinders were successfully coated with 2% (w/v) alginate or gellan film-forming solutions containing viable bifidobacteria. WVP in alginate (6.31 and 5.52 × 10⁻⁹g m/Pa s m²) or gellan (3.65 and 4.89 × 10⁻⁹ g m/Pa s m²) probiotic coatings of papaya and apple, respectively, were higher than in the corresponding cast films. The gellan coatings and films exhibited better water vapor properties in comparison with the alginate coatings. Values > 10⁶ CFU/g B. lactis Bb -12 were maintained for 10 d during refrigerated storage of fresh-cut fruits, demonstrating the feasibility of alginate- and gellan-based edible coatings to carry and support viable probiotics on fresh-cut fruit.     

热水处理对桃果实采后病害及生理变化的影响

为研究热水处理对桃果实采后病害及生理变化的影响,采用50℃热水浸泡处理桃果实1 min后置于25℃条件下贮藏,分析贮藏期间桃果实的发病率以及抗氧化代谢相关酶,如抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、脂氧合酶(LOX),苯丙烷代谢关键酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)以及苯丙烷代谢产物总酚、黄酮、木质素含量。实验结果表明:热处理能够有效控制接种褐腐菌(Monilinia fructicola)桃果实的发病率。热处理显著提高采后桃果实APX、POD和PAL活性(p<0.05),抑制LOX活性,同时促进总酚、黄酮、木质素积累。采后热处理通过提高桃果实的抗氧化及苯丙烷代谢能力,启动桃果实的防御反应,进而提高果实抗病性。      

可食性活性涂膜在鲜切果蔬保鲜中的应用

可食性涂膜是一种由天然可食性材料制成的选择透过性薄膜,具有调节果蔬内部气体交换、减少水分损失、降低腐烂率及延长货架期的特性,在果蔬包装及保鲜领域中已引起广泛关注。鲜切果蔬具有新鲜、方便、快捷等特点,已在全球范围内广泛供应餐饮业及零售业。可食性涂膜作为多种食品添加剂的载体常应用于生鲜产品中,且将活性添加剂与可食性涂膜结合可以延长鲜切果蔬的货架期,提高果蔬品质,减少果蔬表面致腐及致病菌增长的风险。可食性活性涂膜将作为一种绿色、安全、营养的保鲜技术,并将应用于鲜切果蔬保鲜领域的研究。本文综述了可食性涂膜的分类及其添加的抗菌剂、抗氧化剂、塑形剂、营养素等活性成分在鲜切果蔬保鲜中的应用,旨在开发用于鲜切果蔬保鲜的功能性可食性涂膜。     

即食中华管鞭虾贮藏品质变化及其货架期研究

目的 探究贮藏期间,不同温度下(4、15、25和37℃)即食中华管鞭虾肌肉品质变化情况,并构建即食中华管鞭虾的货架期模型。方法 以即食中华管鞭虾为研究对象,测定不同温度下虾仁肌肉中挥发性盐基氮(total volatile basic nitrogen, TVB-N)含量、菌落总数、硫代巴比妥酸(thiobarbituric acid, TBA)值、色差、pH、持水力和感官评分变化,以虾仁肌肉TVB-N构建货架期模型。结果 随着贮藏时间的延长,不同温度下贮藏的即食中华管鞭虾肌肉TVB-N含量、菌落总数、TBA值和b*值均呈上升趋势;肌肉pH呈先下降后上升趋势;肌肉L*值和感官评分呈下降趋势,且贮藏温度越高,即食中华管鞭虾虾仁肌肉品质劣化越快。此外,受贮藏温度影响,4和15℃贮藏的虾仁肌肉持水力呈先上升后下降的趋势,而25和37℃贮藏虾仁肌肉持水力呈下降趋势。采用Pearson相关系数分析,确定了TVB-N含量和菌落总数为虾仁肌肉品质变化的关键性因子,其变化特征符合一级动力学模型。Arrhenius方程结果显示,虾仁TVB-N值的拟合精度更高,用TVB-N值建立货架期模型结果更为准确。通过模型验证发现,以虾仁肌肉TVB-N含量建立的货架期模型能够较为准确的预测其货架期。结论 贮藏温度升高会加速即食中华管鞭虾品质的劣化。4~37℃贮藏时,以虾仁肌肉TVB-N含量建立的货架期模型可较为准确地预测其货架期。     

Recent advances in edible coatings for fresh and minimally processed fruits

The development of new edible coatings with improved functionality and performance for fresh and minimally processed fruits is one of the challenges of the post harvest industry. In the past few years, research efforts have focused on the design of new eco-friendly coatings based on biodegradable polymers, which not only reduce the requirements of packaging but also lead to the conversion of by-products of the food industry into value added film-forming components. This work reviews the different coating formulations and applications available at present, as well as the main results of the most recent investigations carried out on the topic. Traditionally, edible coatings have been used as a barrier to minimize water loss and delay the natural senescence of coated fruits through selective permeability to gases. However, the new generation of edible coatings is being especially designed to allow the incorporation and/or controlled release of antioxidants, vitamins, nutraceuticals, and natural antimicrobial agents by means of the application of promising technologies such as nanoencapsulation and the layer-by-layer assembly.