装饰用超有光涤纶生产技术的研究

介绍了用有光聚酯切片、三叶异形喷丝板、高速纺丝工艺生产三角形有光涤纶长丝的工艺技术。重点讨论了喷丝板毛细孔的孔形设计 ,高速纺丝工艺条件 ,以及拉伸、网络工艺技术     

聚酯中空微多孔长丝的试制（一）—喷丝板设计篇

本文对聚酯中空长丝喷丝板设计，喷丝孔形状对纤维异形度的影响等问题进行了探讨，开发设计中两种中空型喷丝板，纺丝试验，效果良好。     

瑞士英高克公司异形喷丝板

一九八四年十月三十一日,英高克有限公司来穗作异形喷丝板技术交流,交流内容包括喷丝板原料、喷丝板种类、喷丝孔种类、公差、喷丝板面之平磨及喷丝板的检查方法及其他有关问题.     

涤纶异形长丝的研究

研究了涤纶三叶异形长丝在常规纺丝速度下的可纺性,并着重讨论了纺丝过程中影响涤纶三叶异形丝形态和结构性能的主要因素。试验结果表明:涤纶异形丝的异形度随熔体温度的下降和侧吹风速度的增加而提高;在相同纺丝牵伸条件下。异形初生丝的双折射比圆形初生丝大,且随异形度的增加而增大;异形丝的断裂强伸度却比圆形丝的断裂强伸度低,并随异形度的增加而下降。     

基于Polyflow十字形纤维挤出成形过程的模拟计算

基于Polyflow专用软件,对十字形纤维挤出成形过程进行模拟计算。结果表明:熔体从喷丝孔挤出后速度分布的变化与熔体挤出胀大是同时发生的,表面张力是引起纤维截面变化的主要作用因素,并初步确定了十字形纤维挤出变形距离喷丝板的大致范围,在设计喷丝孔时应考虑到表面张力对纤维成形过程的影响。在设计喷丝孔之前应对熔体挤出过程进行逆向挤出模拟计算,以保证得到所需的异形截面纤维。研究成果对于异形纤维的开发有理论参考作用。     

用Y型喷丝板试纺异形纤维

一、概述1978年以来,我厂曾三次使用 Y 型喷丝板试纺出三叶形异形截面的毛型、棉型及中长纤维,三次试纺过程顺利,工艺操作正常,截面成形良好,成品丝手感柔和丰满,反弹性和膨松性均较好,三角形截面异形毛型纤维闪光性强,具有象蚕丝一样的光泽、毛感强,所得成品丝各项物理指标比较理想。     

国外熔纺喷丝板

合成纤维成形最主要实施方法是熔体纺丝。熔体纺丝的基本工艺过程是熔体从喷丝孔挤出成形。可以讲喷丝板是纺丝设备的关键部件,喷丝孔的几何形状和加工精度直接影响熔体的流动特性,从而影响到成形纤维的质量。去年,我们有机会与国外主要几家喷丝     

涤纶有光三角截面POY纺丝工艺探讨

文章主要探讨了有光三角截面POY纺丝工艺设定和调节的方法及理论依据。指出在设备条件一定的情况下,一定要细调熔温、侧吹风速度、油嘴高度等参数来控制熔体出喷丝孔时的膨化程度及纺丝张力,以保证POY的异形度成形、可纺性达到要求。     

并列型复合纤维纺丝组件的研究

从并列型复合纤维的弹性机理出发,提出了双通道喷丝孔方法来实现喷丝板结构设计,并根据双组份生产实际及装置特点,设计了纺丝组件的分配方式,采用设计的组件进行了试纺实验。根据实验过程和结果,验证喷丝板和纺丝组件设计的合理性。     

基于Polyflow十字形纤维挤出成形过程的模拟计算

基于Polyflow专用软件,对十字形纤维挤出成形过程进行模拟计算.结果表明:熔体从喷丝孔挤出后速度分布的变化与熔体挤出胀大是同时发生的,表面张力是引起纤维截面变化的主要作用因素,并初步确定了十字形纤维挤出变形距离喷丝板的大致范围,在设计喷丝孔时应考虑到表面张力对纤维成形过程的影响.在设计喷丝孔之前应对熔体挤出过程进行...     

不同单丝纤度的涤纶POY生产工艺探讨

本文对总纤度相同．但单丝纤度不同的涤纶ＰＯＹ丝的生产工艺作了分析。认为弓管总纤度相同，但随着喷丝孔数的增加．单丝纤度变细，纤维的可纺性能变差。本文主要对原料切片质量，干燥切片含水率．纺丝温度和冷却条件．组件组装工艺，卷绕超喂率及上油浓度等影响因汞作了初步的探讨。     

高熔融指数聚乳酸母粒的制备及其熔喷材料的可纺性

为制备综合性能优异的聚乳酸(PLA)熔喷非织造材料,探究不同熔融指数PLA母粒对其熔喷可纺性的影响。以纺丝级PLA为原料,采用催化降解法分别设计制备了熔融指数为200、400、600、1 000、1 400 g/(10 min)的PLA母粒,对其分子质量及其分布、流变性能、结晶性能以及热稳定性进行研究;然后进一步制备不同熔融指数的PLA熔喷材料,分析其形貌结构、纤维直径、力学性能。结果表明：随着熔融指数的升高,PLA熔喷母粒的重均分子量从75 566 g/mol降低到29 857 g/mol,分子质量分布变宽,而玻璃化转变温度、热结晶性能及热稳定性无明显变化;随着熔融指数的升高,熔喷纤维的直径逐渐减小,纤维直径为0.5～7μm,且熔喷材料的纵、横向断裂强度显著降低;当PLA熔喷母粒的熔融指数在400～600 g/(10 min)之间时,熔喷材料的可纺性和力学性能最佳。     

Effect of the Coagulation Bath Composition on the Spinnability of Casein Solutions

The results of determining the maximum fiber take-up velocity (MTV) were used in studying the effect of temperature and composition of the coagulation bath (bath I - a CaCl₂ solution with a concentration of 22.2 to 244.2 g/1 and pH 0 to 7.5; bath II - a NaC1 solution with a concentration of 0 to 306.8 g/1 and pH from o to 2.0) on the spinnability of casein solutions. For both baths, the dependence of the MTV on pH and salt concentration are of extreme nature. As the temperature rises, the difference between the values of the MTV and linear jet speed at the exit from the spinneret increases exponentially. A correlation between the temperature coefficient of this value and the apparent enthalpy of viscous flow of the spinning solution has been established. Hence, it is assumed that the effect of temperature on spinnability is due to the effect of temperature on the viscosity of the spinning solution. The obtained results have been considered in terms of HAN'S theory of spinnability with due account for the nature of the processes leading to gelation of the protein solution jet in the coagulation bath.     

涤纶超细纤维的生产技术：（二）工艺

本文主要介绍了在ＮＥＵＭＡＧ细旦丝专用生产设备上纺制单丝纤度为０．４ｄｔｅｘ超细纤维的生产工艺，提出了超细纤维生产对原料的要求，并对喷丝板孔径的选择进行了理论分析和实验总结。     

静电纺丝素纤维的微细结构

以再生丝素甲酸溶液为纺丝液,在质量分数为9%时,研究电压、喷丝头到接收屏之间的距离(C-SD)对静电纺丝素纤维微细结构的影响。结果表明,在相同C-SD(10 cm)不同电压和相同电压(12 kV)不同C-SD的条件下,质量分数为9%的再生丝素甲酸溶液具有良好的静电可纺性。当C-SD为10 cm时,随电压的升高,静电纺丝素纤维的分子构象变化复杂,纤维的结晶度也呈无规律性变化;当电压为12 kV时,随C-SD的增加,静电纺丝素纤维内无规和α-螺旋构象的分子含量增加,纤维的结晶度呈现先略增大后大幅下降的趋势。     

Electrospinning behavior of needleless spinneret with a popular mace shape

In this study, a popular mace-shaped (cylinder with thorn arrays on the curved surface) spinneret is used for electrospinning of nanofibers. Compared with the cylinder with a smooth surface, the popular mace spinneret shows markedly improved nanofiber productivity and reduced threshold voltage to initiate the needleless electrospinning. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element method is employed to analyze the electric field profile and electric field intensity around the spinnerets. The electric field intensity on the thorns is much stronger than other parts of the spinneret, and more uniform electric field profile is distributed along the length of mace spinneret. Mace-shaped spinneret may form an effective needleless spinneret for large-scale production of nanofibers.     

Centrifugal force spinning of PA6 nanofibers – processability and morphology of solution-spun fibers

Forcespinning? is a newly developed process that employs centrifugal force to spin nanofibers from polymer solutions or melts. Nanofibers and nanofibrous structures have remarkable properties due to their small diameter and high surface area to volume ratio. The ability to control the average value and dispersion of fiber diameter is critical for applications such as filtration and tissue engineering scaffolds, where the performance of the nanofiber membranes depends on fiber diameter. This research investigates the interactions among polymer fluid viscosity and Forcespinning parameters, and their impact on fiber morphology and diameter using PA6 as a spinning material. The results indicate a positive relationship between spinning solution viscosity and fiber diameter. Increasing the solution viscosity both shifts the diameter distribution and increases its spread toward higher values, which results in the alteration of its shape. In addition to fiber diameter, viscosity appeared to also play a major role in determining the spinnability of the solution. Other spinning parameters, i.e. spinneret speed and spinning nozzle gage, played a minor role relative to the polymer solution viscosity, in determining both processability and fiber diameter distribution.     

棉散纤维精练酶CBS前处理工艺

采用精练酶CBS对棉散纤维进行前处理,探讨了酶用量、处理时间和处理温度对散纤维白度、毛效、纤维长度、染色性能和可纺性的影响,并与常规的碱煮练工艺进行了对比。试验结果表明,精练酶CBS在棉散纤维前处理工艺的优化工艺为:精练酶CBS 3 g/L,温度70℃,处理时间50 min,渗透剂JFC 1.5 g/L,pH值9.5,浴比1∶15。与传统碱煮练相比,CBS酶精练工艺条件温和,对棉纤维损伤小,毛效高,染色得色量高,手感柔软,具有更好的可纺性。     

锦纶HOY有光异形交络丝的研制

探讨在ＳＫＶ４４６高速纺丝机上开发锦纶ＨＯＹ有光异形交络丝。经改造喷丝板异形度及组件配置,成功地探索出了稳定生产优质７５ｄｔｅｘ／７４ｆ锦纶ＨＯＹ三角有光交络丝的工艺条件。