基于壳聚糖膜固定葡萄糖氧化酶生物传感器的研究

该传感器以电聚合于玻碳电极的甲苯胺蓝作为电子传递介体,用壳聚糖作为固酶基质,在真空状态下将葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)固定于甲苯胺蓝修饰的玻碳电极表面。实验结果显示,用此法制备的传感器对葡萄糖的线性响应范围为0.0008～1.2g/L,并具有抗尿酸、抗坏血酸干扰的特点。     

基于碳纳米管／壳聚糖／纳米金活性界面的辣根过氧化物酶传感器研制

利用壳聚糖(Chitosan)的成膜性能以及碳纳米管在其中良好的分散性,在玻碳电极表面首先形成碳纳米管/壳聚糖膜,通过膜表面丰富的氨基与纳米金的强静电吸附,在玻碳电极表面获得稳定的纳米Au修饰层,吸附固定辣根过氧化物酶(HRP),制得无需电子媒介的H2O2生物传感器.循环伏安曲线显示,当加入H2O2溶液后,阴极峰电流增大,而阳极电流相应减少,表明通过碳纳米管/壳聚糖/纳米金活性界面固定在玻碳电极表面的HRP与电极之间有良好的直接电子传导能力,对H2O2的还原具有良好的电催化活性,H2O2的测定线性范围为5×10-5～2.7×10-3mol/L.     

基于Nafion-石墨烯复合物固定甲胎蛋白电化学免疫传感器的研究

该文利用Nation-石墨烯复合物和纳米金固定甲胎蛋白抗体(anti-AFP),构建了高灵敏的电化学免疫传感器.首先将石墨烯分散在Nation溶液中制得Nation-石墨烯的复合膜,并将其固定在玻碳电极(GCE)表面,通过静电吸附和共价键合作用将硫堇(Thi)和纳米金颗粒(nano-Au)依次固定到Nation-石墨烯复合膜修饰的玻碳电极表面.再通过纳米金单层吸附anti-AFP,最后用牛血清蛋白(BSA)封闭电极上的非特异性吸附位点,从而制得了甲胎蛋白免疫传感器.实验结果表明,该修饰电极对不同浓度的甲胎蛋白(AFP)有很好的响应,其线性范围为0.8～100 ng/mL,检出限为0.36 ng/mL.     

DNA-碳纳米管／聚苯胺复合膜选择性测定多巴胺

构建了DNA-碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合膜修饰的玻碳电极,研究了抗坏血酸(AA)存在下多巴胺(DA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,发现DNA-碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合膜对多巴胺有明显的电催化作用.在0.1mol/L磷酸缓冲溶液(pH7.0)中,用方波伏安法(SWV)测得氧化峰电流与DA浓度在0.1～30×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系.该修饰电极用于样品DA的检测,结果满意.     

基于Nafion-二茂铁膜修饰膜的H2O2生物传感器

该文通过Nafion、戊二醛和牛血清蛋白的交联,将电子传导体二茂铁和辣根过氧化物酶固定在玻碳电极上,制成了一种过氧化氢生物传感器.这种新型过氧化氢生物传感器性能稳定、灵敏度高,过氧化氢在1.0×10-4～8.0×10-3mol/L的浓度范围内与传感器的电流强度呈线性关系.     

辣根过氧化酶在纳米银修饰玻碳电极上的直接电化学研究1

通过自组装依次将纳米银粒子和辣根过氧化酶(HRP)固定到巯基乙胺(Cys)修饰的玻碳电极上,制备了HRP/Ag/Cys膜修饰电极.用交流阻抗技术表征了电极的自组装过程.用循环伏安法和计时电流法考察了HRP与电极之间的直接电化学行为及酶对过氧化氢电催化特性.电极响应对过氧化氢有良好的电催化还原性质,性能稳定,响应时间小于5 s.有望应用于制备第三代生物传感器     

Au—Ni／酪氨酸酶修饰生物传感器检定BPA

将镍金材料结合壳聚糖修饰于玻碳电极表面形成复合膜,酪氨酸酶（Tyr）借助NHS～EDC联酶法修饰于复合膜上,制备了一种新型的酪氨酸酶修饰电极。以循环伏安法和电化学阻抗谱实验研究了修饰电极的电化学性能。由于复合材料良好的生物相容性和高电导特性,联酶法保持了酶活性和稳定性,该传感器对双酚A（BPA）具有良好的电化学响应。在最佳实验条件下,该传感器对双酚A的检测范围为：4．0×10^-8～5．0×10^-6mol／L,检测限为1.0×10^-8mol／L（信噪比=3）。该传感器具有良好的性能,重现性,稳定性。     

多壁碳纳米管半乳糖生物传感器研究

以普鲁士蓝(PB)膜玻碳电极为基质,用多壁碳纳米管固定半乳糖氧化酶(GAO),构造了半乳糖电流型传感器,研究了半乳糖氧化酶在此传感器中的催化反应机理,对多壁碳纳米管半乳糖传感器的检测条件进行了优化。确认其对半乳糖具有灵敏的生物响应性,表现出良好的线性和分辨力。此传感器对半乳糖摩尔浓度0.5×10-4~1.5×10-2mol/L呈线性响应,检出限为1.0×10-4mol/L,响应时间为10 s,30 d后,响应电流依然保持80%。     

基于壳聚糖-硅溶胶复合膜固载甲苯胺蓝及纳米金的新型电流型过氧化氢生物传感器的研究

该文基于有机-无机复合膜和纳米技术研制了一种新型的高灵敏度的电流型过氧化氢(H2O2)生物传感器.首先将壳聚糖(CS)和氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)交联制得复合膜(CSHMs),并以该膜固载甲苯胺蓝(TB)和纳米金(GNPs),然后将HRP与CSHMs-TB-GNPs混合滴涂在玻碳电极的表面,最后在其表面吸附一层Nafion保护膜,制得Nafion/CSHMs-TB-GNPs-HRP/GCE修饰电极.Nafion膜可以减少HRP的泄漏,同时增强了传感器的抗干扰能力.用紫外吸收光谱法分析了修饰膜成分的组成,用循环伏安法对修饰电极进行了表征,并用计时电流法对H2O2传感器的性能进行了研究.实验结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,H2O2浓度在7.0×10-7～2.3×10-3mol/L范围内与其还原峰电流呈现良好的线性关系,检测下限为2.4×10-7mol/L(信噪比3).     

基于石墨烯-海藻酸钠复合材料的辣根过氧化物酶传感器研究

构建了一种以海藻酸钠-石墨烯(SA-GR)为基底的新型过氧化氢电化学酶传感器。利用滴涂法将生物相容性良好的海藻酸钠-石墨烯复合物固定在玻碳电极表面,再通过酰胺键将HRP连接在SA-GR复合膜上,从而制备出了性能良好的过氧化氢电化学酶传感器。该传感器重现性好、灵敏度较高,并且响应速度快(3 s),米氏常数较低(Km=0.663),对H2O2检测的线性范围为1.0×10-4～1.2×10-3mol/L,检测下限为5.7×10-6mol/L。     

MWNTs与GNPs—CHIT修饰的过氧化氢生物传感器

在玻碳电极（GCE）上自组装一层多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）,构建负电荷的界面,然后,静电吸附一层阳离子电子媒介体硫堇（Thi）,再由共价键作用自组装一层纳米金（GNPs）,壳聚糖（CHIT）混合溶液的复合薄膜,通过静电吸附辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）制得过氧化氢（H2O2）生物传感器。采用循环伏安法和计时电流法考察了该生物传感器的电化学性质,并研究了该修饰电极对H2O2的催化还原作用。生物传感器的响应电流与H2O2浓度在8．2×10^-6～1．1×10^-3mol／L范围内呈现线性关系,检出限为5．8×10^-7mol／L,达到95％稳态响应时间约为15s。将此生物传感器用于H2O2的检测,结果令人满意。     

Direct electron transfer of glucose oxidase at glassy carbon electrode modified with functionalized carbon nanotubes within a dihexadecylphosphate film

A glassy carbon electrode modified with functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) immobilized by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) in a dihexadecylphosphate film was prepared and characterized by cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy. It was used as a support for FAD or glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilization with EDC/NHS crosslinking agents. Cyclic voltammetry of GOx immobilized onto the surface of CNTs showed a pair of well-defined redox peaks, which correspond to the direct electron transfer of GOx, with a formal potential of −0.418 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0). An apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant of 1.69 s⁻¹ was obtained. The dependence of half wave potential on pH indicated that the direct electron transfer reaction of GOx involves a two-electron, two-proton transfer. The determination of glucose was carried out by square wave voltammetry and the developed biosensor showed good reproducibility and stability. The proposed method could be easily extended to immobilize and evaluate the direct electron transfer of other redox enzymes or proteins.     

Adsorption of glucose oxidase at platinum-multiwalled carbon nanotube-alumina-coated silica nanocomposite for amperometric glucose biosensor

Glucose oxidase (GOx) has been immobilized in platinum-multiwalled carbon nanotube-alumina-coated silica (Pt-MWCNT-ACS) nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode by adsorption to provide a novel amperometric glucose biosensor. The morphology, nature, and performance of the resulting GOx-Pt-MWCNT-ACS nanobiocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and amperometry. The influence of various experimental conditions was examined for the determination of the optimum analytical performance. The optimized glucose biosensor displayed a wide linear range of up to 10.5 mM, a high sensitivity of 113.13 mA M⁻¹ cm⁻², and a response time of less than 5 s. The sensitivity for the determination of glucose at the GOx-Pt-MWCNT-ACS nanobiocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode is better than at common GOx-Pt-CNT nanobiocomposite modified electrodes. The proposed biosensor has good anti-interferent ability and long-term storage stability after coating with Nafion, and it can be used for the determination of glucose in synthetic serum.     

Nanolayer treatment to realize suitable configuration for electrochemical allopurinol sensor based on molecular imprinting recognition sites on multiwall carbon nanotube surface

In this work, nanolayer MIP (molecularly imprinted polymer) is used to achieve suitable conformation for catalyzing AP (allopurinol) redox reaction. Also, a sensitive electrochemical sensor was fabricated for AP based on MIP immobilized on multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) surface. Thin film of MIP immobilized on MWCNT surface (MIPCNT) with specific recognition sites for AP was cast on glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The morphology and features of the film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chronoamperometric measurements (I–t) in detail. The near equilibrium time to adsorb AP on the surface of electrode is about 9 min. The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of AP with a linear range and detection limit (S/N = 3) of 0.01–1.0 μM and 6.88 nM, respectively. The MIPCNT film displayed an excellent selectivity toward AP. Finally, the modified electrode was successfully applied to determine AP in the human serum sample and two brand tablets.     

一次性免疫传感器快速检测阪崎肠杆菌的研究

为改善基于多壁碳纳米管/ Nafion生物传感器电化学信号及储存稳定性,采用[BMIM] PF6/Nafion复合物将辣根过氧化物酶标抗体包埋固定于MWCNT/Nafion修饰的丝网印刷碳电极上,构建了一种新的免疫传感器.用原子力显微镜表征电极各层修饰后的表面形态,用循环伏安法(CV)和交流阻抗法(EIS)考察修饰电极...     

Fabrication of a novel electrochemiluminescence glucose biosensor using Au nanoparticles decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Au nanoparticles (nanoAu) with an average diameter of 60 nm were decorated on the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes to prepare MWCNTs-nanoAu nano-hybrids. The MWCNTs-nanoAu nano-hybrids were cast on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode and were then further modified with a layer comprising glucose oxidase and chitosan to fabricate a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) glucose biosensor. The biosensor showed a remarkably improved electrocatalytic activity towards luminol oxidation and significant improvement in its ECL response. The proposed ECL biosensor exhibited excellent performance for glucose detection with a wide linear range (1-1000 μM), low detection limit (0.5 μM), excellent reproducibility (0.5%) and satisfactory selectivity.     

A facile approach to the synthesis of hydrophobic iron tetrasulfophthalocyanine (FeTSPc) nano-aggregates on multi-walled carbon nanotubes: A potential electrocatalyst for the detection of dopamine

A facile method has been utilized to synthesize a hydrophobic form of nano-scaled iron (II) tetrasulfophthalocyanine (nanoFeTSPc), integrated with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNT-nanoFeTSPc). The nanocomposite was characterized by UV–visible spectra, EDX, FESEM, and TEM. The electrocatalytic properties of the film on a glassy carbon electrode were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, chronoamperometry and square wave voltammetry. The fMWCNT-nanoFeTSPc modified electrode demonstrated higher catalytic performance in terms of electron transport and current response compared to the other electrodes studied towards dopamine (DA) detection giving a sensitivity of 0.314 μA μM⁻¹ and a limit of detection of 9.86 × 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹. A selective detection was realized in elimination of ascorbic acid response on the film of fMWCNT-nanoFeTSPc. The detection limit in the presence of a high concentration of ascorbic acid was 3.5 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹.     

Development of a dehydrogenase-based glucose anode using a molecular assembly composed of nile blue and functionalized SWCNTs and its applications to a glucose sensor and glucose/O2 biofuel cell

A simple and new way to immobilize glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme onto nile blue (NB) covalently assembled on the surface of functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (f-SWCNTs) modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode (GDH/NB/f-SWCNTs/GC electrode) was described. The GDH/NB/f-SWCNTs/GC electrode possesses promising characteristics as glucose sensor; a wide linear dynamic range of 100-1700 μM, low detection limit of 0.3 μM, fast response time (1-2 s), high sensitivity (14 μA cm⁻² mM⁻¹), anti-interference ability and anti-fouling. Moreover, the performance of the GDH/NB/f-SWCNTs/GC bioanode was successfully tested in a glucose/O₂ biofuel cell. The maximum power density delivered by the assembled glucose/O₂ biofuel cell could reach 32.0 μW cm⁻² at a cell voltage of 0.35 V with 40 mM glucose. The present procedure can be applied for preparing a potential platform to immobilize different enzymes for various bioelectrochemical applications.     

基于核酸适体和纳米材料构建电化学生物传感器用于多巴胺的检测

该文探究了一种基于核酸适体和纳米金包四氧化三铁（Au@Fe,041纳米粒子所构建的新型电化学生物传感器用于多巴胺（DA）的检测。首先,在玻碳电极（GCE）表面电沉积一层纳米金（nano—Au）用于多巴胺适体（DBA）的固定。然后HT做为封闭剂以减少非特异性吸附。接着通过与DBA的特异性结合将DA固载于电极表面。在EDC／NHS作用下,生物素（Bio）的羧基与DA的氨基结合,最后通过生物素与亲和素特异性识别作用将含有电化学活性物质硫堇的纳米复合材料固定于电极表面,制得夹心型的适体传感器。在最优条件下．该传感器对0．001nmol／L-100nmol／LDA的检测具有良好的电流响应,检出限0．33pmol／LfS／N=31。该适体传感器具有操作简单、操作简便、选择性好、灵敏度高、检测范围广、检出限低的优点。