复方分子探针及其显像

为克服［¹⁸F］FDG PET、联合用分子探针显像和多靶向偶合分子探针显像的局限性,本文首次提出“复方分子探针及其显像”概念模式。复方分子探针制备方法包括分次合成配制法、一锅单次合成法和同时平行合成法,其中一锅单次合成法最为简便实用,较有前景。复方分子探针具有固定配比、可单次生产配制、药效稳定可控,以及改善用药依从性和使用方便等优势。复方分子探针的研发间接解决了多靶向偶合分子探针复杂合成方面的难题,为创制下一代新型分子探针提供了简单、实用和易推广新模式。复方分子探针显像解决了多模式分子探针同时显像的重要科学问题,为进一步开展复方多模式分子探针显像奠定了基础。联合双探针单次给药同时显像、联合双探针双模式显像和术中联合多探针显像导向治疗,在精准医学方面显示巨大应用潜力,为进一步发展和转化应用复方分子探针显像奠定了基础。本文对“复方分子探针及其显像”的理论依据、概念和原理、重要性、制备方法及其潜在应用价值进行了阐述。     

一种前放分离式中子测量系统设计与测试

设计了一种前置放大器与探测器分离的中子测量系统,该测量系统将耐辐照性较差的电子学电路与探测器组件分离,通过同轴电缆远距离连接。测试结果显示,该中子测量系统相对固有误差≤8.6%,对Am-Be源与²⁵²Cf源相对响应之差为9%,性能满足设计要求。     

Enthalpy Probe Technique for Thermal Plasma Diagnostics

The measuring principle and experimental results of the enthalpy probe technique for thermal plasma diagnostics are presented. Its calibration and errors are discussed. Typical results are presented for the system operation in an Ar/H2(5 % H2) plasma arc jet under a reactor chamber pressure of 101.3 kPa. The plasma temperature and velocity profiles are measured. The center temperature and velocity are 6600 K and 850 m/s for plasma power 9 kW at axial locationof 17 mm.     

100MeV强流回旋加速器径向靶的研制

在100MeV强流回旋加速器调试过程中,需对束流在加速器内的轴向和径向参数进行测量。径向靶系统是束流诊断系统中用于获取上述参数的主要部件,本文研制了3套阻挡式径向靶系统,并安装到加速器主体,获得了束流在连续加速过程中的轴向和径向分布,为加速器运行提供了相应束流参数,并为后续加速器升级工作提供了必要的条件。     

便携式等离子体Langmuir探针数据采集处理系统的研制

本文通过Langmuir探针对等离子体参数特性的研究,作者设计了一种便携式的高速探针数据采集与处理系统.该系统结构紧凑,集成了扫描电源和数据采集电路,通过USB2.0接口上传至PC.配合PC端的应用程序,可以完成在线数据采集与离线分析的功能.与传统的静电探针采集电路相比,本系统采集速度高,传输迅速,安装携带方便,可以适应不同环境等离子体实验的要求.     

Signature Inversion as a Probe for Triaxial Rotation

HI-13串列加速器升级工程是国家的一项重要建设工程。2005年是串列升级工程初步设计工作的关键一年，初步设计工作基本完成，初步设计评审准备工作和开工前的准备工作也同期展开。     

Probe for determination of ash in coal stockpiles

A portable low radioactivity probe was developed for the determination of ash in coal stockpiles. The probe employs two radioactive gamma-ray sources ¹³³Ba and ¹³⁷Cs of combined activity 1.5 MBq.     

Langmuir Probe Measurements of an Expanding Argon Plasma

In this work,we studied the effects of the discharge current,gas flow rate and vessel pressure on the electron temperature and density of Ar plasma by Langmuir probe measurement.The argon plasma was created by a one-cathode arc source.The experimental results show that with increasing discharge current and gas flow rate,the electron temperature and density increase.It is found that when the discharge current is 70 A,90 A and HO A at an argon flow rate of2000 seem,the electron densities at about 0.186 m distance from the nozzle are 13.00×10~(18) m~(-3),14.04×10~(18) m~(-3) and 15.62×10~(18) m~(-3),and the electron temperatures are 0.38 eV,0.58 eV and0.71 eV,respectively.The positive I-V characteristic is explained.     

新型补偿中子测井探头

研制成功玻璃闪烁体补偿中子测井探头。它具有高灵敏、长寿命、坪区长和机械性能稳定的特点。经现场使用,孔隙度测量效果与岩芯采样所得结果一致。     

A Collimated Total Radiation Probe for Arcjet Measurements

The total energy radiation of an argon arcjet was measured by a simple collimated thermopile. Radiation from the luminous jet was found to vary as T7.2 when the peak (centerline) temperature at the arcjet exit plane was 12,600°K. Total radiated energy from the arcjet, including the downstream-directed component from the cathode face, was found to agree quite well with theoretical estimates given in the present paper. The use of a purified helium atmosphere and lithium fluoride optical components permitted achievement of transmissivity down to 1060 angstroms on all measurements.     

示波器探头种类及其工作原理

介绍了示波器探头的种类及其工作原理,主要从探头的负载效应、探头的补偿、探头的接地引线电感等方面论述了示波器探头在测量过程中对被测信号的影响和注意的一些问题.     

前列腺癌分子探针68Ga-DOTA-ANCP-PSMA的初步评价

前列腺癌是男性最常见的恶性肿瘤,前列腺癌总体的病死率达到11%。前列腺特异性膜抗原（prostate specific membrane antigen, PSMA）是前列腺癌诊断的理想靶点,⁶⁸Ga标记的PSMA小分子抑制剂可用于前列腺癌诊断、分期和疗效评价,⁶⁸Ga-PSMA小分子抑制剂已成为国际研究的热点。为研发一种新型的具有较好体内性质的⁶⁸Ga标记的PSMA小分子化合物,以谷氨酸-脲-赖氨酸为核心、1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷-1,4,7,10-四羧酸(DOTA)为螯合剂,设计了新型的PSMA小分子抑制剂⁶⁸Ga-DOTA-ANCP-PSMA,前体化合物采用固相合成法合成,再使用68Ga直接标记,然后测定了标记物的体内外性质。在优化的标记条件下,标记率可达95%以上。纯化后的标记物在磷酸缓冲液体系下和血清蛋白体系下2 h的体外稳定性较好,脂水分配系数为-1.42。生物分布研究显示：⁶⁸Ga-DOTA-ANCP-PSMA在血液清除较快,主要通过肾脏代谢,肝脏的放射性摄取较低,在心脏、肺、脾等非靶器官中的放射性摄取均较低,由于标记物主要通过尿液排泄,膀胱显示出较高的摄取值,在肿瘤部位也有明显摄取。在正电子发射断层扫描（PET） 计算机断层扫描（CT）的研究中,⁶⁸Ga-DOTA-ANCP-PSMA分子探针在肿瘤位置有清晰的影像,显示出较好的灵敏度和特异性。该化合物体内外性质较好,有较好的研究和开发前景。     

基于闪烁体的快离子损失探针的设计研究

基于闪烁体的快离子损失探针是用于测量托克马克装置中损失快离子的重要诊断设备。它能对损失快离子的能量和俯仰角进行同时测定,得到损失快离子通量随时间演化的信息,对研究快离子的约束输运行为有重要意义。针对HL-2A对损失快离子诊断的具体需求,对用于HL-2A的快离子损失探针的闪烁体屏尺寸、闪烁材料种类以及准直系统做了研究设计。同时对适用于ITER的闪烁材料种类进行了分析讨论。     

Monopole Antenna Probe for Density Measurements in Cold Plasmas

A simple diagnostic tool for density measurements in plasma with a certain spatial resolution is proposed in the this paper. It uses the emission characteristics of monopole antenna to determine the dielectic property of plasmaε=1-ƒ_p²/ƒ², withƒ_pthe electron plasma frequency related to plasma density. We immersed a monopole antenna probe into plasma and introduced a microwave signal via a network analyzer. When the emitted power is maximized, the reflected power is minimized and there occurs a resonance. Sinceε can be derived from the resonant frequency, this is actually a method to measure the absolute electron density. Validated by a comparison with the amended Langmuir double-probe method, the monopole antenna probe is valuable. In addition, it is free from the difficulties, such as fluctuation in plasma potential.     

Heavy Ion Beam Probe Measurement in Turbulence Diagnostic Simulator

A numerical measurement module simulating a heavy ion beam probe was developed, and numerical measurements of electrostatic potential and density fluctuations are carried out for 3-D turbulent data generated by a global simulation of drift-interchange mode turbulence in helical plasmas. The deviation between measured and local values is estimated. It is found that the characteristic structures can be detected in spite of the screening e®ect due to the ¯nite spatial resolution.     

正电子心脑功能仪的研制

本文介绍了一种新型的具有半显像功能的核医学仪器——正电子心脑功能探测仪,描述了该仪器的主要部件,即BGO位置灵敏探测器的工作原理。     

Insulator Surface Charge Measurement Using an Improved Capacitive Probe

A surface charge measuring system using the capacitive probe method is analysed. The present study shows that the measuring system cannot have a steady-state output and that the error resulting from the finite leakage resistance of the measuring system will be accumulated during the measuring process. Based on the theoretical analysis a new type probe with a low charge leakage and high resolution is designed. The surface charge accumulated on the Teflon insulator under a DC voltage is measured using this new probe and some phenomena of the surface charging are reported.     

Measurement of Radioactive Activity in Accordance with Measurement Probe

正The project is to develop a digital coincidence measurement device for radioactive gas activity,applying NaI(Tl)crystal as theγ-ray detector,and internal gas proportional counter as theβ-ray detector.The radioactive gas is filled into the proportional counter and the counter is placed in the NaI(Tl)crystal.