炼油厂SOX和NOX排放及其控制技术

介绍了炼油厂SOX和NOX的排放及控制要求、炼油厂SOX和NOX的生成机理及排放状况，以及催化裂化烟气、加热炉烟气和克劳斯尾气焚烧炉烟气的SOX和NOX控制方法。用于FCCSOX控制的方法有原料油加氢预处理、使用硫转移催化剂，以及烟气钠碱洗涤法、氢氧化镁洗涤法、溶剂吸收-再生法和固体流化床法等。用于FCCNOX控制的方法有使用逆流再生器、优化操作、使用低NOX燃烧促进剂和NOX还原添加剂，以及选择性催化还原法、选择性非催化还原法和氧化吸收法等。用于加热炉NOX控制的主要方法是使用低NOX燃烧器。     

烟气排放控制技术的工艺现状

详细描述了LABSORB^TM再生式二氧化硫脱除工艺以及所用的EDV洗涤器设计。FCC装置可由一个简单的工艺采用：EDV洗涤器降低烟气中颗粒和SOx含量，不会引起堵塞或停车。该洗涤器可作为仅处理颗粒的设备(代替ESP)，当以后环保条例更严格时，也能转而处理SOx而不浪费任何组件。该洗涤器可使用LABSORB^TM工艺吸收剂，也可用苛性钠、碳酸钠、氢氧化镁甚至石灰为吸收剂。但二氧化硫含量较高时，LABSORB^TM可再生工艺可大幅度降低操作费用。LABSORB^TM工艺已成功地用于控制硫回收(SRU)装置的尾气排放，并用于控制全世界范围内22个FCC装置的排放，累计处理能力近158000m^3／d(1000000桶／d)。文中介绍用于FCC装置排放控制的苛性钠洗涤、可再生式洗涤以及常见的电除尘器(ESP)应用之间的差别，还详细描述这些系统及其除满足环保要求外的潜在优点。     

降低催化裂化再生烟气污染物助剂应用研究

随着炼油业的不断发展,助剂已经被应用于降低SOx、NOx和CO的排放。本文首先就烟气洗涤法与助剂技术进行了一定的比较,在此基础上分析了助剂脱除再生烟气污染物的基本原理,最后就其在工业上的应用做了分析。     

船舶废气洗涤脱硫脱硝和脱PM细颗粒设备研究进展

综述了船舶废气洗涤脱硫设备的研究现状,通过阐述海水法、碱液法、改性海水法的优缺点,指出海水法联合碱液法的混合系统最具经济性和广泛适用性。列举了国际上几大主要厂商设计的洗涤塔,对比研究了各洗涤塔的参数及其结构特点,最后介绍了洗涤残液的排放标准及其处理方式。通过分析船舶废气中多种污染物联合脱除的研究现状,提出设计出高效、廉价的NOx氧化装置以及提高湿法对于超细颗粒物的捕集能力将是研究的重点和难点,采用湿法联合脱除SOx、NOx和PM是今后船舶废气洗涤净化设备重要的研究方向。     

炼油厂NOx排放及其控制技术

介绍了炼油厂NOx的排放及控制要求、炼油厂NOx的生成机理及排放状况;用于FCC NOx控制的方法有使用逆流再生器、优化操作、使用低NOx燃烧促进剂和NOx还原添加剂,以及选择性催化还原法、选择性非催化还原法和氧化吸收法等;用于加热炉NOx控制的主要方法是使用低NOx燃烧器.用于克劳斯尾气焚烧炉NOx排放控制的方法有低温催化焚烧法.     

炼油厂NOx排放及其控制技术

介绍了炼油厂NOx的排放及控制要求、炼油厂NOx的生成机理及排放状况;用于FCC NOx控制的方法有使用逆流再生器、优化操作、使用低NOx燃烧促进剂和NOx还原添加剂,以及选择性催化还原法、选择性非催化还原法和氧化吸收法等;用于加热炉NOx控制的主要方法是使用低NOx燃烧器.用于克劳斯尾气焚烧炉NOx排放控制的方法有低温催化焚烧法.     

降低催化裂化再生烟气SOx排放助剂的研制及工业应用

研制开发了一种降低催化裂化再生烟气SOx排放的助剂。研究了铈、钒等组分对脱硫性能的影响,得到了最佳的化学组成;开发了优化载体孔结构和连续动态浸渍活性金属的制备工艺,进一步提高了脱硫活性。工业应用结果表明,新开发的降低催化裂化再生烟气SOx排放助剂能有效减少SOx的排放,在添加2%左右（占总藏量）助剂时,再生烟气中SOx脱除率可达到70%以上,而对产品分布和主要产品性质没有明显的不良影响。     

助燃添加剂对煤燃烧性能影响的研究进展

介绍了燃煤添加剂的种类,概述了氧化剂、催化剂等对煤燃烧性能的影响及脱硫剂、脱硝剂对燃烧后污染物排放的影响。燃煤添加剂的使用可有效改善煤燃烧性能,减少SOx、NOx等污染物的排放,对节能减排起到积极作用。     

日本正与SOx和NOx进行角斗

由于严格的法律限制,废水、废气、工业粉尘、恶臭及其它污染物质的排放,使日本工业界花费大量的人力和财力用于污染控制和发展有关装置及设备的技术研究。而其中大部分用于粉尘粒的收集以及防止SOx和NOx的排放。     

陶瓷烧成中SOx的排放及降低SOx的方法

本文分析了陶瓷烧成过程中S0x的主要来源以及降低SOx排放的方法。同时，还简要介绍了目前主要的几种SOx排放处理方法．并对减少我国陶瓷窑炉燃烧带来的污染提出几点建议。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。