超音速火焰喷涂铁基非晶涂层的微观组织及性能

为增强海洋工程装备中关键部件的耐磨与抗腐蚀性能,采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)技术在不锈钢基体表面喷涂Fe基非晶涂层。利用SEM、XRD和DSC等,对该涂层的微观组织、相结构及性能进行了分析。研究了喷涂中煤油流量、氧气流量、喷距对非晶涂层微观组织和性能的影响。结果表明,超音速火焰喷涂制备的铁基非晶涂层组织结构均匀致密,呈完全非晶态结构。喷涂工艺参数对涂层的显微硬度具有重要影响,在优化工艺参数下获得的显微硬度为912.1 HV0.3。不锈钢喷涂非晶涂层后耐磨性提高。     

先进喷涂技术制备316L不锈钢涂层的结构与性能研究

相较于铝、铜等有色金属涂层,316L不锈钢涂层具有较高硬度和耐磨性、良好的耐腐蚀等特性,在诸多工业领域均有迫切需求。本文采用冷喷涂和大气等离子喷涂技术制备了316L不锈钢涂层,分别借助扫描电镜、显微硬度和磨损试验等检测手段研究了涂层的微观结构、显微硬度和磨损特性,对比探讨了涂层的磨损机理。试验结果表明,大气等离子喷涂制备的316L不锈钢涂层层状结构明显,存在大量的孔隙。而冷喷涂316L不锈钢涂层非常致密,且无明显氧化。冷喷涂涂层较低的孔隙率和沉积过程中的加工硬化现象,使得冷喷涂316L不锈钢涂层的硬度明显高于大气等离子喷涂涂层,具有更好的耐磨性。冷喷涂涂层在摩擦过程中的摩擦磨损机理主要为磨粒磨损,而大气等离子喷涂制备的316L不锈钢涂层的磨损机理为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损的复合磨损形式。     

超音速火焰喷涂316L不锈钢涂层性能研究

采用超音速火焰喷涂技术(HVOF)在高强钢表面制备了316L不锈钢涂层,利用扫描电镜、显微硬度仪、电化学测试系统等设备对涂层金相组织、硬度、结合性能和抗腐蚀性能等进行了测试,并分析了WC-CoCr中间层对316L不锈钢粉末涂层结合强度及涂层界面的影响。结果表明:超音速火焰喷涂316L不锈钢粉末颗粒在喷涂中变形充分,形成较致密的涂层,并具有超过400 HV0.1的显微硬度;涂层具有较高自腐蚀电位,耐蚀性优于高强钢;涂层结合强度随着涂层厚度的减小、基体硬度的增加而提高;WC-CoCr底层可改善涂层界面结合,从而改善316L不锈钢涂层的结合性能。     

冷喷涂Ta涂层组织及腐蚀性能

利用冷喷涂技术在316L不锈钢表面制备Ta涂层.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对涂层的相结构和微观组织进行了分析,通过显微硬度计和万能力学试验机测定涂层的显微硬度和结合强度;采用电化学试验机测试了涂层和不锈钢基体的腐蚀性能.结果表明:涂层微观组织均匀致密,孔隙率为0.5％;涂层与基体结合良好,结合强度为60 MPa;涂层平均显微硬度为256 HV0.3;Ta涂层的自腐蚀电位(-0.25V)略低于316L不锈钢块体(-0.13 V),自腐蚀电流密度(2.16× 10-7A/cm2)比316L不锈钢(4.83×10-7A/cm2)降低了一倍,钝化电位及钝化电流分别为-0.06 V和1.05× 10-4A/cm2,具有很宽的钝化区,能够有效保护316L基体.     

热处理温度对大气等离子喷涂316L不锈钢涂层组织和性能的影响

目的研究316L不锈钢涂层在不同热处理温度下组织结构和性能的变化规律,提高该涂层的摩擦学性能。方法利用大气等离子喷涂(APS)技术制备316L不锈钢涂层,对喷涂态涂层进行300~700℃热处理。通过光学显微镜(OM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)观察分析涂层的显微组织和相组成,利用维氏硬度计测试涂层的显微硬度值。采用摩擦磨损试验机和三维光学显微镜测试涂层的摩擦系数和磨损率,利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)观察磨痕表面并对磨损机制进行深入分析。结果喷涂态316L不锈钢涂层的厚度约为350?m,显微硬度值为335HV0.1,涂层组织中含有未熔颗粒、孔隙和氧化物等。在干摩擦条件下,涂层的摩擦系数稳定在0.75左右,磨损率为(1.329±0.14)×10-5 mm3/(N·m)。随着热处理温度的升高,涂层扁平颗粒界面处的氧化行为明显,同时涂层内部的孔隙缩小,涂层结构更加致密,使得涂层显微硬度提高了30%。涂层的耐磨性能在700℃热处理条件下最佳,磨损率为(1.149±0.26)×10-5 mm3/(N·m),较喷涂态涂层降低14%,磨损机制以疲劳磨损和粘着磨损为主。结论热处理有助于提高316L不锈钢涂层的显微硬度,700℃热处理可有效提高涂层的耐磨性。     

铁基非晶合金涂层在氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀行为研究

利用新型超音速火焰喷涂(AC-HVAF)技术,在304不锈钢基体上制备了Fe49.7Cr18Mn1.9Mo7.4W1.6B15.2C3.8Si2.4Fe非晶合金涂层。利用X射线衍射仪、场发射环境扫描电镜、显微维氏硬度仪、动态极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱研究了非晶合金涂层的结构、硬度、耐腐蚀性能以及电极反应动力学过程。通过与304不锈钢的对比,研究了Fe基非晶合金在中性介质下的腐蚀行为。结果表明,该Fe基非晶合金涂层具有较高的非晶含量,较均匀的组织,较高的硬度和在氯化钠溶液中较高的耐腐蚀性能。     

等离子喷涂钼基非晶-纳米晶复合涂层的组织与性能

一种多元素钼基非晶-纳米晶合金粉末(含C、Si、B、Cr、Fe、Ni、Mo等)作为喷涂材料,用大气等离子喷涂在316L不锈钢基体上制备涂层,用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜、显微硬度仪分析测量涂层的组织和性能,并用谢乐公式计算晶粒尺寸。结果表明：所制备的涂层均匀致密,涂层含有非晶和纳米晶,颗粒尺寸为10～50nm;这种非晶纳米晶复合涂层的硬度和弹性模量分别高达1055HV和214．40GPa。     

超音速喷涂复合WC基金属陶瓷涂层的性能

采用超音速火焰喷涂技术和等离子喷涂技术在活塞杆用316L不锈钢基体上制备了WC-12Co (WC)/NiCr双重涂层,并制备传统等离子喷涂Al₂O₃-13TiO₂(AT13)涂层作为对照。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微维氏硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、电化学工作站等设备对涂层的性能进行了研究和对比。结果表明,各涂层界面界限清晰,结合性良好,WC涂层的显微硬度为1363 HV0.3,是AT13涂层的1.8倍。在60 min往复摩擦磨损试验条件下,AT13涂层的体积磨损率为WC涂层的4.42倍,WC涂层磨损机制主要表现为磨粒磨损。在3.5%NaCl溶液中,WC涂层和AT13涂层的自腐蚀电位均低于316L不锈钢基体,避免了电偶效应对基体的优先腐蚀,并且AT13涂层的自腐蚀电流密度最大,其次是316L不锈钢基体,WC涂层的自腐蚀电流密度最小,仅为基体的0.57倍。     

316L不锈钢表面NbC涂层的制备与性能评价

目的探究NbC涂层作为惰性涂层在模拟体液中的耐腐蚀性能及血液相容性能,并为NbC涂层作为生物惰性涂层改善316L不锈钢心血管支架的表面性能提供参考依据。方法采用物理气相沉积法制备NbC涂层,并通过优化工艺参数改善涂层性能。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、纳米压痕仪和原位纳米划痕仪,对涂层的微观结构及性能进行研究。采用循环伏安法对涂层的耐腐蚀性能进行表征。采用血小板粘附实验对涂层的血小板粘附行为进行了评价。结果制备的涂层具有结合性能强和致密度高等优点。随着基体温度的升高,NbC涂层的力学性能、耐腐蚀性能及血小板粘附特性均得到明显改善,硬度及弹性模量分别由(12.5±0.2)GPa和(213±0.8)GPa上升到(24.5±0.4)GPa和(275±1.1) GPa,自腐蚀速率优化明显,由8.76×10~(-6)A/cm~2降到1.98×10~(-8)A/cm~2。结论 NbC涂层在模拟体液中具备与316L不锈钢相当的稳定性,但其腐蚀速率远低于316L不锈钢,血小板粘附数量及变形较基体316L不锈钢得到显著改善,有望成为改善316L不锈钢表面性能的惰性涂层。     

镍稀土对FeCrMoCBSi系非晶合金涂层性能的影响

设计了制备FeCrMoCBSi系非晶合金涂层用的粉芯线材L1和添加镍稀土的对比配方L2,用电弧喷涂技术制备了两种非晶合金涂层.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、显微硬度仪测试了涂层的组织结构与性能,采用冲蚀磨损测试设备测试了两种涂层在30 °和90 °冲蚀角下的耐冲蚀磨损性能,并用SEM观察了涂层冲蚀后的表面形貌.结果表明,添加镍稀土的L2涂层与L1相比,非晶相含量升高了5.7 %,组织结构更加致密,截面平均显微硬度提高了149.6 HV0.1,晶化转变温度Tx增加了7 K,涂层在相同测试条件下的耐冲蚀性能也有所提高.     

淫羊藿苷含量对Mg/UMAO/CS/IC涂层性能的影响

为了研究淫羊藿苷含量对镁/超声微弧氧化/壳聚糖/淫羊藿苷（Mg/UMAO/CS/IC）涂层性能的影响,并提高纯镁的耐蚀性,采用电泳沉积（EPD）和UMAO技术在纯镁基体上制备Mg/UMAO/CS/IC涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、原子力显微镜（AFM）和傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对涂层的特征进行分析。对不同样品在模拟体液中进行了电化学阻抗和动电位极化的腐蚀行为研究。结果表明：当IC含量为0.4 g/L时CS/IC层具有较好的封孔效果。添加不同IC含量的Mg/UMAO/CS/IC涂层均由Mg、MgO、CS和Mg₂SiO₄组成。不同IC含量涂层的自腐蚀电流密度（i_corr）比Mg至少都低一个数量级,能为镁基底提供更有效的保护。IC含量为0.4 g/L时Mg/UMAO/CS/IC涂层的耐蚀性更好,自腐蚀电流密度（1.667×10^-6 A/cm²）最小。Mg/UMAO/CS/IC涂层可有效解决纯镁在临床骨内固定应用上降解过快的问题。     

Tribocorrosion Behavior of Fe-Based Amorphous Composite Coating Reinforced by Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> in 3.5% NaCl Solution

Although corrosion and friction/wear behavior of Fe-based amorphous coatings and their composites has been extensively studied during the past decade, there is very limited work related to tribocorrosion behavior. In this paper, the tribocorrosion behavior of a Fe-based amorphous composite coating reinforced with 20 wt.% Al₂O₃ particles was investigated in a 3.5% NaCl solution on a ball-on-disk tester and was compared to the monolithic amorphous coating and 316L stainless steel (SS). The results showed that the amorphous composite coating exhibited the highest tribocorrosion resistance among the three materials tested, as evidenced by the lowest coefficient of friction (~0.3) and tribocorrosion wear rate (~1.2 × 10^?5 mm³/N·m). In addition, potentiodynamic polarization measurements before and during tribocorrosion testing demonstrated that corrosion resistance of the amorphous composite coating was not influenced so much by mechanical loading compared to the amorphous coating and the 316L SS. Observations on the worn surface revealed a corrosion-wear- and oxidational-wear-dominated tribocorrosion mechanism for the composite coatings. The excellent tribocorrosion resistance of the composite coating results from the effect of chemically stable Al₂O₃ phase which resists oxidation and delamination during sliding, along with poor wettability with corrosive NaCl droplets.     

Electrodeposition of multi-layer Pd–Ni coatings on 316L stainless steel and their corrosion resistance in hot sulfuric acid solution

Pd–Ni coating shows good corrosion resistance in strong corrosion environments. However, in complex aggressive environments, the performance of the coatings is limited and further improvement is necessary. The effects of the applied plating current density on the composition, structure and properties of Pd–Ni coatings were studied. By changing the current density in the same bath, multi-layer Pd–Ni coatings were prepared on 316L stainless steel. Scanning electronic microscopy, weight loss tests, adhesion strength, porosity and electrochemical methods were used to study the corrosion resistance of the films prepared by different coating methods. Compared with the single layer Pd–Ni coating, the multi-layer coatings showed higher microhardness, lower internal stress, lower porosity and higher adhesive strength. The multi-layer Pd–Ni coating showed obviously better corrosion resistance in hot sulfuric acid solution containing Cl^?.     

Microstructure,microhardness and corrosion resistance of laser cladding Ni–WC coating on AlSi5Cu1Mg alloy

The microstructure, microhardness, and corrosion resistance of laser cladding Ni–WC coating on the surface of AlSi5Cu1Mg alloy were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, microhardness testing, immersion corrosion testing, and electrochemical measurement. The results show that a smooth coating containing NiAl, Ni₃Al, M₇C₃, M₂₃C₆ phases (M=Ni, Al, Cr, W, Fe) and WC particles is prepared by laser cladding. Under a laser scanning speed of 120 mm/min, the microhardness of the cladding coating is 9–11 times that of AlSi5Cu1Mg, due to the synergistic effect of excellent metallurgical bond and newly formed carbides. The Ni–WC coating shows higher corrosion potential (−318.09 mV) and lower corrosion current density (12.33 μA/cm²) compared with the matrix. The crack-free, dense cladding coating obviously inhibits the penetration of Cl⁻ and H⁺, leading to the remarkedly improved corrosion resistance of cladding coating.     

Investigation of Wear and Corrosion Protection of AlSi20 Coatings Produced by Plasma Spraying and Laser Cladding on AZ31B

Magnesium and magnesium alloys are the lightest structural materials with an approximate density of 1.7 g/cm² (density of aluminum ~2.7 g/cm²). Due to poor corrosion and wear resistance properties, they need to be coated for usage in service conditions under corrosive and tribological loads. AlSi20 was found to be a suitable coating material to improve the wear and corrosion protection properties of magnesium alloys. Within this work, AlSi20 coatings were applied by plasma spraying, laser cladding, and a combination of both processes. First, the coatings are characterized by their microhardness and residual stresses formed within the coating during the different coating processes. Then, these coatings were investigated regarding corrosion resistance in 3.5% sodium chloride solution in a three-electrode setup to obtain electrochemical corrosion characteristics. Abrasive wear was investigated using a pin-on-disk tribometer and the abrasion rate was calculated. Resistance against shock loads was tested by applying a cyclic load at 50 Hz to investigate the resistance against impact stresses.     

The morphology and corrosion resistance of electrodeposited Co‐TiO2 nanocomposite coatings

Co‐TiO₂ nanocomposite coatings with various contents of TiO₂ nanoparticles were prepared by electrodeposition in Co sulfate plating bath containing TiO₂ nanoparticles. The influence of the TiO₂ nanoparticles concentration in the bath, of the current density and of sodium dodecyle sulfate (SDS) as anionic surfactant on the morphology, composition, texture, roughness, and microhardness of the coatings was investigated. The morphology and composition of coatings were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The phase structure of coatings was analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the maximum codeposition of TiO₂ nanoparticles in Co matrix was around 4.5 vol% obtained in 60 g/L TiO₂ in the bath, 30 mA/cm² and 0.15 g/L SDS. The microhardness of coatings was increased up to 504 Hv by increasing TiO₂ concentration in the bath to 60 g/L TiO₂. The electrochemistry tests including potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy revealed that by addition of TiO₂ into Co matrix, the corrosion current density, polarization resistance, and charge transfer resistance of Co‐TiO₂ coating were increased compared with Co coating.     

Increased Lifetime for Biomass and Waste to Energy Power Plant Boilers with HVOF Coatings: High Temperature Corrosion Testing Under Chlorine-Containing Molten Salt

Heat exchanger surfaces of waste to energy and biomass power plant boilers experience often severe corrosion due to very aggressive components in the used fuels. High velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) coatings offer excellent protection for boiler tubes against high temperature corrosion due to their high density and good adherence to the substrate material. Several thermal spray coatings with high chromium content were sprayed with HVOF technique. Their mechanical properties and high temperature corrosion resistance were tested and analyzed. The coating materials included NiCr, IN625, Ni-21Cr-10W-9Mo-4Cu, and iron-based partly amorphous alloy SHS9172 (Fe-25Cr-15W-12Nb-6Mo). High temperature corrosion testing was performed in NaCl-KCl-Na₂SO₄ salt with controlled H₂O atmosphere at 575 and 625 °C. The corrosion test results of the coatings were compared to corrosion resistance of tube materials (X20, Alloy 263 and Sanicro 25).     

Wear and corrosion resistance of AZ91 magnesium alloy coated by pulsed current electrodeposited Ni–Al2O3 nanocomposite

In this work, Ni and Ni–Al₂O₃ nanocomposite coatings were applied on AZ91 magnesium alloy using a pulse plating process and the corrosion resistance of coated samples was evaluated by means of the potentiodynamic polarisation method in 3.5?wt-% NaCl solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was employed to identify microstructure and morphology of the coatings. Vickers microhardness and pin-on-disc wear tests were also used to investigate mechanical properties of the coatings. The polarisation test revealed that the pure Ni coating on AZ91 along with the presence of nanoparticles were key factors leading to a reduction in the corrosion current density and the improvement of corrosion resistance so that the corrosion current density of 210.45?µA?cm^?2 for the substrate (AZ91) decreases to 31.92 and 1.54?µA?cm^?2 by applying pure Ni and Ni–Al₂O₃ nanocomposite coatings, respectively. Furthermore, Ni–Al₂O₃ nanocomposite coating increased the microhardness and wear resistance compared to the substrate up to 435 and 340%, respectively.     

铝基非晶纳米晶复合涂层研究

采用自动化高速电弧喷涂系统,用自行研制的粉芯丝材,在AZ91镁合金基体表面上制备出Al-Ni-Y-Co非晶纳米晶复合涂层.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析了Al-Ni-Y-Co非晶纳米晶复合涂层的微观形貌和组织结构,结果表明Al-Ni-Y-Co非晶纳米晶复合涂层是由非晶相和纳米晶化相共同组成的,涂层结构致密,孔隙率约为1.8%.Al-Ni-Y-Co非晶纳米晶复合涂层的平均显微Vickers硬度值为311.7 HV0 1,结合强度为26.8 MPa.涂层的抗磨损耐腐蚀性能优于Al涂层和AZ91镁合金基体;其相对耐磨性约为Al涂层的10倍,为AZ91镁合金的6倍;其自腐蚀电位值正于Al涂层及AZ91镁合金,自腐蚀电流密度值约为Al涂层的1/2,AZ91镁合金的1/5;其腐蚀后的表面形貌比Al涂层和AZ91镁合金平整,点蚀较少.Al-Ni-Y-Co非晶纳米晶复合涂层的耐磨防腐综合性能优异.     

Effect of hybrid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate on the corrosion resistance of PTFE composite ceramic coatings

In this study, the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composite ceramic coatings with hybrid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate (AP) are prepared on AISI 304L stainless steel by spraying and heat curing to improve the corrosion resistance of the coatings. AP is hybridized with methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), and the structure of the hybrid AP is characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Contact angle tests, scratch tests, and electrochemical experiments are used to investigate the corrosion behavior of composite ceramic coatings. In addition, scanning electron microscopy is used to examine the microscopic morphology of the coatings after corrosion to investigate the mechanism of the hybrid AP on the corrosion resistance of the composite ceramic coatings. The findings reveal that MTES successfully hybridizes with AP and implants the –CH₃ hydrophobic group in AP, which improves the hydrophobicity of composite coatings. The corrosion potential of hybrid AP coatings all move in a positive direction, and the corrosion current density is lower than that of unhybridized AP coatings. The corrosion current density of the coating is about 2.931e?008 A/cm² when the MTES content is 5 wt%, which is 20% less than that of the unhybridized AP coating. Results indicate hybrid AP can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of PTFE composite ceramic coatings with the best corrosion resistance occurring when the content of MTES is 5 wt%.