西曲矿8#高硫煤燃烧固硫试验研究

西曲矿 8# 高硫煤的硫分特点是有机硫含量高 ,当原煤粒度小于 0 .0 5 mm时 ,有机硫含量占总硫的 89.89% .针对其硫分特点 ,进行了燃烧固硫试验研究 .结果表明 ,对 8# 煤使用固硫剂Ca( OH) 2 的效果好于 Ca O,而加入适当的添加剂后 ,可明显提高其固硫效率 ,当燃烧温度为 1 1 5 0℃时 ,固硫效率可达 45 .99% .     

燃煤固硫燃烧特性及动力学研究

采用新汶原煤和阳泉原煤作为实验用煤,通过对几种钙基固硫剂的比较,选择使用Ca(OH)2作为主固硫剂.考察Ca/S的变化对燃煤固硫燃烧特性以及动力学参数的影响.采用T系、L系、Q系和Y系四大系列几种化学试剂作为添加剂,在确定实验温度1000℃,Ca/S为1.5的条件下,考察其对Ca(OH)2固硫能力的影响,以及固硫反应的燃烧特性和动力学参数的变化情况.     

添加剂La_2O_3对钙基固硫剂高温固硫效果的影响

以Na2CO3、MgO、Ca(OH)2为固硫剂,Fe2O3、Al2O3、La2O3为添加剂,对高有机硫煤的燃烧进行固硫研究,探讨固硫剂类型及用量、添加剂类型及用量、煤样粒度、固硫温度等关键因素对固硫效果的影响。结果表明,以Ca(OH)2为固硫剂、La2O3为添加剂,在煤样粒度为0.25mm、Ca(OH)2的用量为固硫煤样质量的10%、La2O3的用量为固硫煤样质量的1.0%、固硫温度为800℃的优化工艺条件下,高有机硫煤燃烧的固硫率为81.67%。     

添加剂强化粉煤燃烧固硫剂的研究

文章选取CaCO3、Ca(OH)2质量配比=3∶2作为主固硫剂,用2%钙基(质量配比)的Na2CO3对其改性,利用蛭石作为固硫添加剂。在Ca/S=2.25的情况下通过固硫实验考察了主固硫剂以及添加剂的加入对固硫率的影响。实验表明:煤粉掺入该固硫剂在950℃下燃烧半小时,固硫率可以达到85%,该固硫剂主要由天然矿物所组成,具有来源广、成本低廉等优势,因而具有极高的应用价值和市场推广潜力。     

单组分添加剂对Ca(OH)_2固硫性能的影响研究

试验研究了不同Ca/S比对固硫率的影响及7种单组分添加剂对Ca(OH)2固硫性能的影响,确定了最佳钙硫比是2.0;7种添加剂对Ca(OH)2的固硫效果均有一定程度的提高,其中La2O3的固硫效果最明显,固硫率达到79.15%。     

燃煤复合固硫剂的研究

燃煤产生的SO_2是我国大气污染的主要成分,为了有效控制SO_2的排放,提高燃煤固硫率,文章选取Ca(OH)_2做主固硫剂,攀枝花高硫煤为研究对象,实验温度为1000℃,采用单因素实验和正交实验研究助剂对燃煤固硫效果的影响,结果表明,添加剂的加入均不同程度的提高了固硫效率。进一步对煤样进行热重分析可知,加入助剂,燃烧由一段燃烧变成两段燃烧,煤样的燃尽时间缩短,煤样的燃烧特性有所改善。     

水煤浆固硫剂的研究

实验分析了Ca(OH)2、Mg(OH)2、CaCO3的固硫特性,根据不同固硫剂的热分解温度确定采用Ca(OH)2作主固硫剂用于环保固硫型水煤浆;分析了固硫剂的固硫机理,实验表明,当Ca/S=2.0时,水煤浆固硫率可达68.1%,解决了高硫煤的加工利用难题。     

型煤固硫添加剂对固硫剂固硫效率的影响

论述了实验室中固硫剂固硫率的测定方法,试验研究了Ca/S对不同煤样固硫率的影响,并对以Ca(OH)2为固硫吸收剂,Mg,Si,Al氧化物为固硫添加剂的型煤在高温燃烧过程中的固硫效果进行了研究,通过正交试验确定出最好的添加剂比例。     

天然矿物制备固硫剂的实验研究

利用熟石灰[Ca(OH)2]和石灰石(CaCO3)混合作为主固硫剂,蛭石、珍珠岩和Na2CO3作为添加剂,研制了一种适合于循环流化床燃煤锅炉的固硫剂,并进行了燃煤固硫试验,对其加入量、加入方式进行了研究.结果表明,Ca/S=2.25时,加入蛭石(11%蛭石/钙基)、珍珠岩(22%珍珠岩/钙基),并用少量Na2CO3调质,分别可以达到85%、84%的固硫率.     

循环流化床锅炉固硫剂的研究

研制开发了一种适合于循环流化床燃煤锅炉的固硫剂,以熟石灰[Ca(OH)2]和石灰石(CaCO3)混合作为主固硫剂,蛭石、珍珠岩和Na2CO3作为添加剂.并进行燃煤固硫试验,对其加入量、加入方式和燃烧温度进行了研究.结果表明,当Ca/S=2.25时,加入蛭石(9%蛭石/钙基)、珍珠岩(17%珍珠岩/钙基),并用少量Na2CO3调质,分别可以达到86.4%、84.8%的固硫率.     

型煤固硫效果影响因素的研究

通过正交试验研究固硫剂品种、粒度、钙硫比（固硫剂用量）、固硫温度、粘结剂、原煤粒度、固硫助剂对型煤固硫效果影响。实验发现：钙硫比和固硫剂品种是影响型煤固硫效果最显著的因素;CaO、CaCO3、Ca（OH）23种钙基固硫剂中Ca（OH）2的效果最好;钙硫比越大,固硫剂颗粒越小,固硫效果越好;钙基固硫剂最佳固硫温度是800－1000℃;不同粒级原煤颗粒的型煤固硫效果不同;MS粘结剂是理想的固硫型煤粘结剂。     

江西英岗岭高硫煤固硫技术研究

以江西省英岗岭矿区高硫煤为研究对象, 考察了以碳酸钙、氢氧化钙等为主制成的钙基固硫剂的固硫作用。研究了钙硫比、温度以及添加剂等因素对固硫效率的影响。并对实验结果和有关机理进行了分析与探讨, 确定了燃烧固硫的最佳工艺参数, 同时对试制的几种复合固硫剂的固硫效果进行了比较。     

Effects of Ca-based additives on desulfurization during coal pyrolysis

The effects of different Ca-based additives on the sulfur removal of coals during pyrolysis up to 900 °C have been studied in a fixed-bed reactor. It was found that Ca(OH)₂ and CaO were quite effective to capture the sulfur-containing gases, 95% of the sulfur evolved from untreated coal was retained in the char by the use of additives. Both the tar yield and the sulfur content of the tar decreased with addition of Ca-based additives. The effect of Ca(OH)₂ was better than that of CaO due to its higher activity, but CaCO₃ had little effect because of its higher decomposition temperature (−900 °C) than the peak temperature range (400–500 °C) of sulfur-containing gases emission. There is remarkable sulfur retention effect with Ca(OH)₂ prepared by impregnation and ultrasonic treatment due to the higher dispersion in coal particles than by simple mechanical mixing. The ultrasonic treatment is the best method with regard to the lowest SO₂ release during the char combustion. XRD results showed that the sulfur captured by Ca-based additives during pyrolysis turned into CaS. FeS detected in pyrolysis char without additives disappeared in chars with additives, which indicated that CaO could react with FeS through solid-solid reaction. When the chars with calcium-additives were burned in fixed bed reactor, they gave out less SO₂ than the raw coal added with same additives. The best total desulfurization efficiency could reach to about 85%.     

生物质型煤固硫性能研究及经济性分析

对生物质型煤固硫机理进行了理论分析 ,通过实验研究了 Ca/S,固硫剂种类及型煤含硫量对固硫率的影响 .结果表明 ,固硫率随 Ca/S比增大而提高 ,Ca/S=1 .5～ 2范围内 ,固硫率趋于最大值 ,当 Ca/S比大于 2后 ,固硫率随 Ca/S增加的趋势显著变缓 ;在同一 Ca/S比下 ,Ca( OH) 2 的固硫效果最好 ,Ca O次之 ,Ca CO3 的固硫效果最差 ;型煤含硫 3%以下 ,固硫率与含硫量成正比 ,含硫量继续增加 ,固硫趋势不断减缓 .通过对生物质型煤固硫费用的分析 ,得出生物质型煤固硫技术是可行的 .     

高硫型煤常压固定床气化炉内固硫效果研究：（Ⅰ）不同因素对固硫效果的影响

用正交试验研究常压固定床气化炉内石灰石／白云石的固硫行为，研究煤样，脱硫剂，添加物和实验条件等对固硫效果的影响，实验发现；大粒度煤栗有利于固硫；白云石比石灰石固硫效果好，不同种类石灰石之间固硫效果存在差异，大粒度脱硫剂，高钙硫比均有利于固硫。     

Aspects of the efficiency of calcium salts for the retention of sulphur in coal ash during combustion at 1200 k

Electron microprobe analyses were made of the residual ash particles remaining after combustion in air at 1200 K of samples of representative coals used in thermal power plants and of samples of Northern Ireland lignite. Local associations of sulphur and calcium in the small areas analysed (c. 10 μm) were ascribed to the formation of the relatively stable CaSO₄. This correlation was not linear and it was concluded that locally CaO reacted preferentially with the acidic oxides of silicon and aluminium to form calcium alumino-silicates. We recommend, therefore, that in assessing the amount of CaCO₃ or Ca(OH)₂ that must be added to a given fuel to achieve effective desulphurisation, due account must be taken of the ability of the constituent oxides in that coal to react with the additive.     

Studies on improving moisture resistance of sulfur-infiltrated mortars

High-strength products can be made by sulfur infiltration of dried portland cement mortars or concretes. However, on exposure to moisture, strength deterioration takes place due to complex chemical reactions involving Ca(OH)₂ and sulfur.This paper presents the results of two series of tests. In the first series an attempt was made to inhibit the reaction between sulfur and Ca(OH)₂ by coating the Ca(OH)₂ with a film of insoluble calcium salts. In the second series, cements which did not contain Ca(OH)₂ in hydration products were investigated for sulfur infiltration. Both the approaches gave encourging results in improving moisture resistance of sulfur-infiltrated mortars.     

Some implications of co-combustion of biomass and coal in a fluidized bed boiler

Laboratory combustion experiments were conducted to clarify some implications of co-firing coal with hog fuel and sludge in a power boiler. Combustion tests in a fixed bed stainless steel reactor at four temperatures (675, 725, 775, and 825 °C) under conditions simulating different moisture contents of hog-sludge blends indicated no problems with ignition. Burn-out of the coal reached 88–99%. However, the burn-out was very sensitive to the excess air, especially when co-firing wet hog fuel. Co-firing with coal will lead to higher sulfur dioxide emissions. Sulfation experiments were conducted in a fixed bed quartz reactor for five limestone particle size ranges (90–150 μm, 212–300 μm, 425–595 μm, 850–1000 μm, 2.0–3.4 mm) at the same temperatures as the combustion tests, with steam added to simulate the variation in the moisture content of the fuel mixture. The tests showed that the capacity of limestone to capture sulfur depends on temperature and particle size. The highest Ca utilization of the limestone was 51% (for the smallest particle size, at 825 °C). At 825 and 775 °C, the sulfur capture capacity of the limestone decreased significantly with increasing particle size, whereas at lower temperatures (725 and 675 °C), the Ca utilization was much less dependent on particle size. The sulfur capture capacity of the limestone was unaffected by the moisture content of the hog-sludge fuel. Calcium contained in the sand used as an inert in the power boiler may be capable of capturing small amounts of sulfur.