“服装”的故事

<正>Have you ever paid attention to the English expressions that include words about clothes?Let’s see if I can name a few"off the cuff~1",or without any preparation.你有没有留意过包含和衣服相关的词汇的英语表达?让我们看看我是否可以即兴说出一些,不预先做任何准备。We sometimes say that people who are restless or nervous"have ants in their pants~2".They might also"fly by the seat of their pants~3",or they use their natural sense to do something in-     

Treatment design of geological defects in dam foundation of Jinping I hydropower station

Jinping I hydropower station is one of the most challenging projects in China due to its highest arch dam and complex geological conditions for construction.After geological investigation into the dam foundation,a few large-scale weak discontinuities are observed.The rock masses in the left dam foundation are intensively unloaded,approximately to the depth of 150–300 m.These serious geological defects lead to a geological asymmetry on the left and right banks,and thus some major diffculties of dam construction are encountered.In this paper,the influences of geological defects on the project are analyzed,followed by the concepts and methods of treatment design.Based on the analysis,the treatment methods of the weak rock masses and discontinuities are carefully determined,including the concrete cushion,concrete replacement grids,and consolidation grouting.They work together to enhance the strength and integrity of the dam foundation.Evaluations and calibrations through geo-mechanical model tests in combination with feld monitoring results in early impoundment period show that the arch dam and its foundation are roughly stable,suggesting that the treatment designs are reasonable and effective.The proposed treatment methods and concepts in the context can be helpful for similar complex rock projects.     

HUMAN-INDUCED LANDSLIDES IN CHINA： MECHANISM STUDY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON SLOPE MANAGEMENT

Human activity duo to rapid increasing of the economy in China has become so wide and intense since 1980s that it comes to the most active factor affecting the earth‘ surface geomorphology process and provoke the most important impact to environment in recent two decades. Some typical human-induced landslides are introduced. Their general features, including distribution, types, time series of occurrence and mechanism are summarized. A classification system of landslides is suggested based on their geological backgrounds and formation mechanism. Finally, some aspects of slope management and human activity control are discussed to different types of landslides.     

The Role of Architectural Considerations in Seismic Performance of Buildings： A Case Study in Iran

Experience from recent earthquakes such as Gilan, Zanjan, Bam and Lorestan earthquakes in Iran indicated that the constructed buildings are vulnerable against earthquake. Vulnerability of these structures is due to various reasons such as designing without considering seismic regulations, problems of regulations （design goals）, implementation problems, changing of the building occupancy class, increasing the weight of building stories, adding new stories to the building and changing in architecture of building without considering structural system. So the main objective of this research is to examine the features of building configuration and their effects as for the damages to buildings in past earthquakes. For this purpose, initially four occurred earthquakes in Iran are selected as case study. Then three types of buildings （steel structure, concrete structure and masonry buildings） are analyzed with details. Results showed that the most of damages are occurred in the old steel structures and masonry buildings which their ages are more than 25 years. The study showed that most of the buildings in the study area are steel structure and masonry buildings while concrete structures are infrequent which most of them had no or slight damages. Therefore, the importance and need to enhance the performance of available buildings against earthquake forces by rehabilitating methods would be more important than before. Also results indicated that the decisions related to architectural plan which have significant effect on seismic performance of buildings, can be divided into three categories： configuration of building, restrictive formal architectural plan and dangerous structural components, as these categories are not obstacle of each other, it is possible that each category has an influential effect on others. So organizing the design decisions in this way is very important so as to manage their effects and interdependencies.     

旧影心城(英文)

If there isn’t a movie called "Floating City", direct by Hao Yan, the younger generation in the city will not know who aWre the Tanka People. Tanka already exist for a very long time. According to the legend, soldiers in Qin dynasty oppress the Tanka, so the Tanka move to the sea and stay until now. They are known as the "Gypsies on the sea." Now in China, there are 40,000 Tanka people and their boats are patrimonies. Many of them are like 1900 in the movie "Legend of 1900." However, different to 1900’s melancholy,     

“袋子”的故事

<正>There are many expressions about the word "bag" or using the word "bag" in English.So today,let’s start with the word "bag".英语中有很多表达与"袋子"一词相关或者使用了"袋子"这个词。今天我们就从"袋子"这个词说起吧。The bag is one of the most simple and useful things in the world.It is a(容器)made of paper or cloth.It has given the world many strange expressions that are not very simple.Some of them are used in the United States today.     

Trefftz直接法和相关的问题

This paper attempts to further extend the so-called Trefftz direct method(TDM), which has been developed and applied to a wide variety of boundary value problems in recent years. In this approach, the complete system of solutions of the partial differential equations is used as weighting functions and a non-singular boundary integral equation is used as the starting formulation. Several relative problems are discussed here. They are the problems of necessary and sufficient conditions for Trefftz-type boundary integral equations: the relationship between the Trefftz method and the variational principle and the infrequently encountered but possible singular problems in the Trefftz method and the treatment in practice. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the computational efficiency of the approach and to demonstrate its advantages.     

Architectural Requirements for Improving Social Interactions in Subway Stations： An Evidence Based Design Approach

Environmental design is concerned with the function of people within an environment and their interactions. Subway stations spaces are important examples of public spaces that are in close connection with the social life of people. Also, the fact that the social interactions and relations between people and city environments are becoming indispensable for subway station space indicates that these spaces play an essential role in urban life. This paper addresses the result of a study conducted by the authors on the influential elements pivotal to the improvement of social interactions in subway stations. The theory of John Lang in Urban design with consideration of social interaction was considered in this study. The objective of the study was to identify the architectural requirements in improving social interaction between people and environment in subway station spaces according to an evidence based design approach. To do so, relevant literature in different disciplines, architecture, urban design, social sustainability and so on, were reviewed Next, the most important environmental factors which contribute to human behavior in public spaces were derived and analyzed. Data of the study were collected via questionnaires filled out by the users of Tehran＇s subway stations. The collected data were analyzed and the architectural elements/requirements for improving social interactions were classified. The results of the study indicate that in the case of architectural requirements, contribution to the improvement of social interactions, design considerations for physical and mental safety, accessibility and lighting are the most important factors.     

Determination of the Scale of Damage in the Wastewater Tunnels Due to Earthquake： A Case Study

The pre-determination of the effect of earthquake in subsurface structures is gaining importance increasingly. One of the main factors in determination of the damages due to earthquakes in subsurface structures, especially tunnels are horizontal acceleration value. The aim of the study is to put forward the scale of damage due to earthquake in a wastewater tunnel in Istanbul, the most populated city of Turkey, under construction. Possible damage caused by earthquake will be determined by utilizing the information about the route of the wastewater tunnel analyzed in the study.     

The Planning of Shanghai Yuyuan Tourist and Shopping Center

Shanghai Yuyuan Tourist and Shopping Center is tobe located to the west of a classical garden,Yuyuan and theold Temple of the City God,and to the south of theYuyuan Bazaar,covering about 2 hectares.The northernpart of the site is the old bazaar and the southern part a resi-dential quarter.It is planned that they are to be rebuilt intothe Yuyuan Tourist and shopping Center.(Fig.1) The Yuyuan garden and the old Temple are historicsites and the Yuyuan Bazaar a traditional market in the oldcity of Shanghai.They are fairly well preserved.Facing thereconstruction project of this area,how to maintain and in-herit the tradition has become the main theme in the plan-ning of the Yuyuan Tourist and Shopping Center. We deem that the preservation of the tradition is ofgreat importance in both culture and economy.Thereforewhile planning the Center,we have made a preliminary