院落城市

<正>"A society is defined not only by what it creates but also by what it refuses to destroy."—John C.SawhillChina as one of the earliest civilization of the world,hosted an undeniably unique traditional architecture,a refl ection of the country’s colorful history and culture.Notable as the world’s second biggest economy and the world’s most     

A Comparative Study on the Flexural Behaviour of Waffle and Solid Slab Models When Subjected to Point Load

The determinations of flexural behavior of some engineering structures are based on different theories and equations, but it has been observed that some of these equations may not give true representation. This work has looked into the difference that may occur between theoretical and experimental results. An experimental test carried out on models of waffle and solid slabs structures were described and results from twenty test samples are presented. Each specimen was subjected to an incremental axial loading of 1 kN interval after 28 days of casting. The flexural moments, deflections and crack width at failure were obtained. The experimental flexural crack and theoretical flexural cracks for both types of slabs were compared. The result for flexural moments for waffle was 5.526 kNm, while solid slab was 3.684 kNm. The deflections showed that waffle slabs has 3.64 mm while solid has 9.28 mm, hence waffle has a higher structural stiffness than solid slabs, but the flexural cracks did not give the same results especially for the estimated crack width. It was concluded that estimated results based on developed equations may not be accurate because it is based on ideal situation.     

Effects of lime treatment on the microstructure and hydraulic conductivity of Héricourt clay

This study aims at evidencing the effects of lime treatment on the microstructure and hydraulic conductivityof a compacted expansive clay, with emphasis put on the effect of lime hydration and modification.For this purpose, evolutions of hydraulic conductivity were investigated for both lime-treatedand untreated soil specimens over 7 d after full saturation of the specimens and their microstructureswere observed at the end. Note that for the treated specimen, dry clay powder was mixed with quicklimeprior to compaction in order to study the effect of lime hydration. It is observed that lime hydration andmodification did not affect the intra-aggregate pores but increased the inter-aggregates pores size. Thisincrease gave rise to an increase of hydraulic conductivity. More precisely, the hydraulic conductivity oflime-treated specimen increased progressively during the first 3 d of modification phase and stabilisedduring the next 4 d which correspond to a short period prior to the stabilisation phase. The microstructureobservation showed that stabilisation reactions took place after 7 d. Under the effect of stabilisation,a decreasing hydraulic conductivity can be expected in longer time due to the formation ofcementitious compounds.
2014 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Production and hosting byElsevier B.V. All rights reserved.     

Community Public Space Planning Guided by Sustainable Development:A Case Study on Wei'an Nanli Residential Area of Tianjin City

The public space of community is not only significant to ensure the quality of residents’ daily life but also the important means to realize urban sustainability.It is necessary to bridge the gap between the physical and social development of city in order to build a harmonious and livable city.The sustainable development indicators are very useful tools.The design of the indicators involves the site investigation,and selection and modification of indicators.It can provide guidance to related plans by making scientific decision on the core target of the public space development of community.     

TRIAL TO STABILIZE THE LEANING TOWER OF PISA LOOK VERY PROMISING

Says Professor Burland:"Electro-osmosis was not effective.We did a full-scale trial but felt at the end that this method was not appropriate."     

A Review on New Urbanization from Below: The Development and Governance of Taobao Villages in China

正Since the beginning of the 21 st century, the booming e-commerce has not only greatly changed people's lives, but also significantly influenced the relationship between urban and rural areas in China.Taobao villages emerged and developed rapidly. According to the Research Report on China's Taobao Villages in 2020,     

旅游业缩小城乡差距

UN-Habitat is embarking on an exciting programme to implement an often-overlooked part of its mandate-to promote city tourism around the world. The idea is that visitors to famous and not so famous towns and cities see how other people live, especially the poorest of the poor so that they can benefit from tourism as a source of income and enable them to meet their shelter needs. The Istanbul Declaration and Habitat Agenda gives UN-Habitat a mandate that takes in not just cities and towns per se, but the peri-urban zones that skirt them, and urban-rural linkages that can be of considerable benefit to countries proud to draw on the development potentials of tourism. Well-managed tourism can certainly help strengthen the positive links between urban and rural areas. This article gives some examples of traditional and newly developed tourism.     

French Visions

Architecture and the city are two major constituents of human development which, today more than ever, have to be present in the long-term. The Year of France in China is, for the first time, the occasion to present to the Chinese public a vision of the contemporary French architectural production, not only in France but also in China.     

Framework for Quality Improvement of Infrastructure Projects

In order to achieve high quality that not only gives acceptable return value to society but also satisfies the needs of all the stakeholders of infrastructure projects, comprehensive understanding of issues pertaining to the quality of the project is needed. The aim of this study is to provide an overview the most common procurement methods used in constructing infrastructure transport projects and analyze how these methods contribute to the desired quality of the final product in relation to client competence. An on-line survey of construction actors was carried out to ascertain quality level of Swedish infrastructure transport projects and determinant factors of quality problems. An equal number of respondents indicated that the quality of infrastructure projects has either increased or remained same level over the past twenty years. Respondents also pointed out lack of client competence that is vital in realizing the desired quality level through proper procurement, monitoring and evaluation procedures. Public clients heavily rely on traditional design-build procurement that requires considerable client involvement of a project. Thus, the association of quality problems and lack of client competence may not be a mere coincidence but an overlooked outcome of current situation.     

News About China

China's Planning Depart-ment Will Change TheirFunctionsA responsible member of theState Planning Commission said thatChina' planning departments are changing their functions to increase theproportion of consulting and informa-tion services.He attributed this change to theneed of the China's overall reform situ-ation and hoped that the planning de-partment should not only make direc-tive plans and targets and decide proj-ects but also make consulting,infor-mation and study as an importantpart of their work.Now,the StatePlanning Commission has four teams,