Analyzing migration decisionmaking: relationships between residential satisfaction,mobility intentions,and moving behavior

"The author examines the role of residential satisfaction and mobility intentions vis-a-vis structural variables in migration decisionmaking with the aid of data drawn from the 1985-1989 waves of the American Housing Survey. A conceptual model is derived which is based on behavioral theories developed in social psychology, namely the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior. Several previously ignored links among structural variables, mobility predispositions and moving behavior are incorporated. Empirical analyses show that, although satisfaction and intentions are important predictors of mobility, most of the structural variables that are commonly known to be related to migration also have direct effects on subsequent moving behavior, independent of satisfaction and intentions."     

A multiregional population-projection framework that incorporates both migration and residential mobility streams: application to metropolitan city-suburb redistribution

"In this paper the author introduces a population-projection framework that incorporates interregional migration and intraregional residential mobility streams to project future population sizes both across and within regions in a manner that is consistent with existing migration theory. The author presents a general matrix model of the framework, shows how its parameters can be estimated from fixed-interval census migration data, and discusses how the framework can be employed to 'update' population projections when recent, more limited data sets become available. These features of the framework are demonstrated with intrametropolitan central-city-suburb projections for selected US Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas over the period, 1970-2020."     

居住组团环境的设计分析

从居住组团环境发展概况及构成要素出发,分析人在组团环境中的生活需求及行为规律,探讨组团物质环境设计对人性的表达,并从设计实践上试谈组团环境设计的人性表达方式,从而拓宽住宅单体设计的涵念,利于寻求良好的居住生活整合空间。     

A simulation model of residential mobility and housing choice

Residential mobility is the outcome of housing market search. Mobility rates depend on the search intensity of the household, the arrival rate of opportunities in the market, and the rates of acceptance of these opportunities by the households. Micro-analytical models of overt mobility fail in decomposing the compound rate into its constituent parts and can therefore not distinguish between demand- or supply-driven changes in the housing market. Micro-analytical models of stated preferences are only partial and do not reflect the actual behaviour of households in a specific housing market context. Simulation models of residential mobility and housing market search offer a potential advantage over micro-analytical models, due to their flexible nature. By simulating demand, supply, and the actual match of households to vacancies, a full representation of the housing market can be given. TheLocSim model presented here is a micro simulation model of a local housing market and is illustrative of the potential for modelling residential mobility. This includes:

-the variation in search intensities of households, dependent on the motive for moving, including dependence on events in other than the housing career;

-the generation of supply, as an unintended outcome of the residential mobility of households that move to another dwelling;

-the adjustment of initial preferences, as households become aware of the opportunities and constraints in the local housing market during their search;

-the public choice, with respect to the creation of opportunities by stimulating the construction of dwellings and with respect to imposing constraints on the accessibility of social rented housing.

The application of this model to the specific group of young people in the process of household formation illustrates the sensitivity of the rates of residential mobility and out-migration to shortages and other constraints in the local housing market.     

The role of neighbourhoods accessibility in residential mobility

Household decisions to move from or stay at a current location may be based on a great number of variables. There has been substantial discussion among planners about the effect of the built environment in the choice of residential location. However, there is limited research on the role of non-motorised accessibility on residential location. Households may base their decision to move from or stay at a current location on the neighbourhood's accessibility. The public transport accessibility, walkability and bikeability of a neighbourhood may affect residents' decisions to stay or move from their current location. The focus of this paper is on modelling and comparing the influence of non-motorised accessibility measures on the number of years that households stay at their current location. The paper addresses this issue by employing three non-motorised accessibility measures in separate ordered logistic regression (OLR) models. Focusing on metropolitan Melbourne, Australia, the Victorian Integrated Survey of Travel and Activity (VISTA, 2012) was adopted to model years of residency incorporating socio-economic characteristics, built environment features and accessibility measures. Key findings indicate that non-motorised accessibility has statistically-significant impacts on the number of years that residents live at their current address. Furthermore, of the accessibility measures, access to public transport has the greatest impact.     

Job mobility, residential mobility and commuting: A theoretical analysis using search theory

The decision to move job and the decision to move residence are closely related dynamic discrete choices, as both moves involve a change of commuting distance. This suggests that labour and residential mobility are mutually dependent and should be simultaneously analysed, based on a theory which incorporates these dynamic decisions explicitly. In the present paper, we base our analysis on search theory and choose the point of departure that individuals maximise utility by moving through different labour market and housing market states, while taking into consideration that moving from one state to another is costly. Based on these assumptions, a search model is constructed and the optimality conditions are derived.  One of main conclusions based on the search model is that the effect of factors which cause housing market imperfections (viz. the residential moving costs and the residence arrival rate) have ambiguous effects on he job acceptance and job search behaviour of employed individuals. For some interesting cases however, the effect of the residential moving costs on the job acceptance behaviour can be derived. In contrast, the effect of housing market imperfections on the labour market behaviour of nonemployed persons is determined. We find for example that housing policies which discourage nonemployed persons to move residence (e.g. housing subsidies) also decrease the probability of becoming employed and may therefore unintentionally increase the number of nonemployed persons. Received: December 1997/Accepted: March 1999     

The effect of urban spatial structure on residential mobility

The problem faced by this empirical study is to investigate the relationships between intra-urban migration and spatial urban structure. Using canonical correlation analysis, the main features of the relationships are identified and a measure of the redundancy between the two sets of variables is provided. The unsolved aggregation problem is also discussed. All results indicate a significant though rather weak linkage between migration and urban structure. Comparison of results at the inter-sector and intercommune scales points to the existence of stronger relationships at the larger, inter-commune scale.Acknowledgment is due to A. Toussaint for data collection and to D. Peeters for writing a sorting program.     

Interdependencies in the timing of migration and mobility events

Methods for examining interdependencies between the timing of migration events and other major events in the life histories of individuals are presented. Individual locational histories are treated as realizations of discrete-state, continuous-time random variables, with migration or mobility events corresponding to transitions between states. The timing of migration is compared to the timing of other transitions in individual life histories, including changes in household organization and labor force status, by investigating the durations of time separating the two kinds of transitions. Empirical investigations are carried out using longitudinal data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation.     

Neighbourhood effects and social mobility: a longitudinal analysis

What impact do neighbourhoods have on social mobility? For years, this question has received widespread international attention in scholarly debates and within society at large. This paper seeks to contribute to this discussion by presenting the results of an investigation into the relationship between household social mobility and the composition of the residential environment. The analyses are based on an extensive empirical longitudinal study conducted in the Netherlands. The most remarkable conclusion is that, in the Dutch context, the environment has only a modest influence on the social mobility of households with a weak economic position. It was found that the chance of a household living purely on welfare benefits at the beginning of the study period to escape the ‘welfare trap’ was barely dependent on the number of similarly challenged households in the immediate vicinity. Interestingly, the environment proved to have a more powerful effect on the social mobility of households with a stronger economic position. The probability that households with at least one paid job at the beginning of the research would still have a job at the end clearly decreases as the share of benefit-dependent households in the neighbourhood rises. A possible explanation for this is that for the first category (weak starting position) the negative effect of their own welfare situation is far more determinative for their future prospects than the compo sition of their environment. Because these negative individualistic conditions are absent for the second category (stronger starting position), environmental factors may play a relatively larger role. Another interpretation is that area-based policies are not just targeting the areas with bigger problems more intensively, but especially the long-term unemployed in these areas, and not so much the short-term unemployed (those who had a job at the start of the research period and lost the job afterwards).     

Modelling residential mobility; a review of recent trends in research

Recent studies add to the large body ofliterature on residential mobility bypresenting a fresh view of the residentialmobility process. At the micro level, newresearch sheds light on the jointdecision-making by members of a householdregarding a residential move, and clarifies thelink between place of residence and place ofwork. There are also many new studies onfinding an alternative dwelling if the mostpreferred house is unavailable. Householdrelocation is strongly embedded in housingmarket conditions at the local and nationallevel. Recent studies analyse variations in themobility process over space and time.     

Reformulation of the family life-cycle concept: implications for residential mobility

The author examines the utility of assuming a traditional life cycle framework in social science theory in view of the diversification of patterns of family and non-family structure and behavior. A more comprehensive life cycle model encompassing varied household types is suggested. The appropriateness of this model is investigated, with particular reference to single-headed family households and primary households in the United States     

小区绿化中植树与种草的效益比较

从放松身心、满足私密性和邻里交往的需要、生态效益、经济效益等方面对小区绿化中植树与种草的优劣进行了比较分析，得出以植树为主的立体绿化优于大面积种草的结论。     

Occupants' migration in residential buildings towards comfort and energy efficiency (case of traditional residential architecture in Iran)

Recently, the role of occupants' behaviors on building energy efficiency has been much more taken into account. Occupants' migration on a building scale is a phrase on which this article focuses as one of the best occupants' responses to the climate condition for comfort and energy efficiency in traditional architecture. This paper attempts to step towards recovering the role of traditional adaptive occupants in contemporary buildings for comfort and energy efficiency. To this end, this study aimed to achieve the following objectives: (1) to summarize the socio-environmental and psychological elements of traditional housing that help occupants migrate in a building for their needs, comfort, and energy efficiency. (2) to reveal the interrelated factors affecting occupants' migration in building scale for comfort and energy efficiency. (3) to present types of occupant migration in buildings for comfort and energy efficiency. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, first, a literature review was conducted on the socio-environmental and psychological elements of traditional housing that help occupants migrate in a building for their needs, comfort, and energy efficiency. Also, the interrelated factors affecting occupants' migration in buildings and the types of occupant migration in building for comfort and energy efficiency were considered via both content analysis of available literature, and field survey methodologies. Besides, a comparison is made between the traditional style of housing and migration and the new style. Finally, the results showed that psychological, environmental, and social factors not only motivated people to move around to survive; achieve more thermal, visual, and mental comfort; but also contributed to more environmentally friendly spaces, which ultimately provide people with health, well-being, and energy efficiency. These movements and their associated contributing architectural elements were interrelated and affected one another in mutual respect. People underwent these movements in vertical and horizontal directions for their needs and energy efficiency because the space potentials provided incentives for them to do so.

     

Social discourse,housing search and residential segregation: the social determinants of recent economic migrants’ residential mobility in Seville

Abstract

Immigrants’ neighbourhood choices are key to understanding today’s dominant socio-territorial dynamics, especially in urban areas. We analysed the factors involved in the housing search at the early stages of the economic migrant influx in Seville, Spain (Andalusia region, Europe’s southern border) and their impact on the development of residential segregation in this city. Using a qualitative methodology approach based on focus groups, unstructured interviews and discourse analysis, the implicit and explicit social determinants that influence economic migrants’ residential behaviours were examined. In line with previous studies, the results highlight the importance of socio-economic determinants and a trend towards self-segregation. Social discourse analysis reveals how the host society’s ethnoracial preferences and prejudices – from the outset of the economic migrant influx – translate into barriers to accessing the housing market, which plays a crucial role in understanding economic migrant residential mobility and its impact on and consequences for the residential segregation process.     

Intra-regional residential movement of the elderly: testing a suburban-to-urban migration hypothesis

The majority of the elderly and soon-to-be retired baby boomers live in suburbs in the US. This paper empirically tested an intra-regional residential movement of elderly households, which is postulated based on life course theory. Using data from the Puget Sound Transportation Panel survey in Washington State in the US, this study found that elderly households are less likely to change their residential environments than younger households upon intra-regional residential movement. This study also found that elderly households tend to move from less urbanized neighborhoods to slightly more urbanized neighborhoods, while younger households tend to move from quite urban neighborhoods to substantially less urbanized neighborhoods.     

Towards a fuller understanding of residential mobility: a case study in Northampton,England

"This paper, which reports the results of two questionnaire surveys of residential mobility amongst owner-occupiers in Northampton [England,] is concerned with the reasons why households change their place of residence within an urban area.... The major focus of interest is the importance of changes in the family life cycle in promoting mobility as a consequence of changing housing needs."     

旧住宅供热系统分户控制改造分析

以东营市供热管理处旧住宅供热系统分户控制改造为背景,分析了旧住宅供热系统分户控制改造的必要性,指出通过旧住宅供热系统分户控制改造可有效解决供热收费难、管理难的问题,带来可观的经济效益和社会效益。     

Labor force mobility in the United States: migration,unemployment, and remigration

"This study examines the relationships between pre- and post-move unemployment and interstate migration of the United States labor force for the period 1965 to 1970. Multivariate analyses are conducted for several large occupation groups. The results indicate a strong link between unemployment and migration. Unemployment increases migration possibilities for each large occupation group considered. Substantial post-move unemployment exists, but there is a significant link between migration and such unemployment only for blue-collar workers who are repeat migrants."     

装配式住宅与住宅工业化

从我国装配式建筑发展到现在的建筑工业化过程分析为切入点,探讨了我国建筑工业化的可能性和必要性,以及实现建筑工业化的措施,并提出了建议,以期促进我国住宅工业化进程。