直线电机位置轨迹自适应渐近跟踪

针对直线电机构成的伺服系统中存在的负载扰动和端部效应等阻力扰动,设计了一个自适应的轨迹渐近跟踪控制器;控制律的实现只涉及输出位移的测量信号,而不必依赖于速度的测量;先引入一个基于K滤波器结构的降阶观测器,接着利用自适应观测器后推技术设计了轨迹跟踪控制器和扰动参数估计的自适应律;对闭环系统的稳定性和渐近跟踪能力做了理论分析,并进行了仿真研究;仿真结果表明;设计的控制器可以实现对目标轨迹的渐近跟踪;在系统持续激励的情况下,扰动参数的估计可以收敛到真正的值。     

A Variable-Parameter-Model-Based Feedforward Compensation Method for Tracking Control

Base on the accurate inverse of a system, the feedforward compensation method can compensate the tracking error of a linear system dramatically. However, many control systems have complex dynamics and their accurate inverses are difficult to obtain. In the paper, a variable parameter model is proposed to describe a system and a multi-step adaptive seeking approach is used to obtain its parameters in real time. Based on the proposed model, a variable-parameter-model-based feedforward compensation method is proposed, and a disturbance observer is used to overcome the influence of the model uncertainty. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the variable-parametermodel-based feedforward compensation method can obtain better performance than the traditional feedforward compensation.     

直线同步电动机直接牵引力控制及无速度传感器运行研究

直线电动机在直线传动领域得到越来越广泛的应用。本文以常见的直线同步电动机为例,给出了其基本结构及数学模型,然后阐述了直接牵引力控制的原理及实现时应注意的细节问题,最后讨论了无速度传感器运行的问题。仿真实验表明,直接牵引力控制具有响应迅速,实现简单的特点;基于功角计算的速度观测算法在高速段具有很好的效果。     

Adaptive Precision Control of Permanent Magnet Linear Motors

This paper describes an adaptive control scheme developed for precision control of DC permanent magnet linear motors (PMLM). A sliding surface is defined on which a self‐tuning version of robust control capable of achieving tight set‐point regulation is developed, where the control gains are tuned using an adaptive algorithm. Parameter and states convergence properties of the adaptive controller are derived based on the control law formulated. Finally, simulation study and a real‐time experiment are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed control system.     

带神经网络观测器的永磁同步电机极点配置自校正前馈控制

由递归神经网络构成综合负载转矩观测器,从而把综合负载转矩视为可测干扰,并利用极点配置自校正前馈控制策略实现了永磁同步电机的速度控制,解决了永磁同步电机系统中参数变化和负载扰动等不确定性问题.仿真结果表明该方法具有较强的鲁棒性.     

热轧带钢层流冷却系统的前馈-反馈控制及其优化

以热轧层流冷却系统为研究对象,对如何提高带钢卷取温度控制精度进行了研究;在带钢冷却模型的基础上,对预设定模块进行了前馈补偿;考虑模型的不确定性和大时滞特性,采用模糊Smith预估器提高了反馈控制的精度;结果证明所采用的这些措施大大提高了卷取温度的控制精度。     

受扰线性离散系统的前馈2反馈最优控制

研究具有已知动态特性但未知初始条件的持续外界扰动的线性离散系统最优控制问题。给出了前馈一反馈最优控制律的存在唯一性条件，并提出了最优控制律的设计算法．通过降维扰动观测器解决了前馈一反馈最优控制律的物理不可实现问题．对近海结构物振动控制的实例仿真表明，该设计算法易于实现，在抑制外部持续扰动和鲁棒性方面优于经典的状态反馈最优控制。     

Robust State‐and‐Disturbance Observer Design for Linear Non‐minimum‐phase Systems

When there are external disturbances acting on the system, the conventional Luenberger observer design for state estimation usually results in a biased state estimate. This paper presents a robust state and disturbance observer design that gives both accurate state and disturbance estimates in the face of large disturbances. The proposed robust observer is structurally different from the conventional one in the sense that a disturbance estimation term is included in the observer equation. With this disturbance estimation term, the robust observer design problem is skillfully transformed into a disturbance rejection control problem. We then can utilize the standard H_∞ control design tools to optimize the robust observer between the disturbance rejection ability and noise immune ability. An important advantage of the proposed robust observer is that it applies to both minimum‐phase systems and non‐minimum phase systems.     

二阶系统线性自抗扰控制的稳定性条件

研究了线性自抗扰控制(Linear active disturbance rejection control, LADRC)抑制内扰的机理.针对无外扰的二阶线性系统, 给出了线性自抗扰控制的一个稳定性充要条件.使用该条件证明了实践中广泛应用的带宽法可以克服对象的参数不确定性, 找到合适的观测器带宽保证自抗扰控制稳定.     

Sliding Mode Disturbance Observer‐based Motion Control for a Piezoelectric Actuator‐based Surgical Device

This paper presents a sliding mode disturbance observer‐based motion tracking control methodology. In particular, the methodology is applied to control a semi‐automated hand‐held ear surgical device for the treatment of otitis media with effusion. The proposed control methodology is utilised to deal with the undesirable effects in the motion system, such as non‐linear dynamics, parametric uncertainties and external disturbances. It employs a proportional‐derivative control scheme together with a sliding mode disturbance observer for rejecting the undesirable effects. The stability of the proposed control methodology is proven theoretically and its effectiveness is evaluated experimentally. In addition, promising motion tracking experimental results are shown, and it can be observed that the proposed approach offers more robust performance for controlling the hand‐held surgical device and other similar instruments.     

感应电动机的无速度传感控制

提出了一种简洁快速的感应电动机的无速度传感控制方法. 该方法利用一种新型的观测器获得精确的速度与磁通的模的估计, 然后设计了二阶控制器. 在不考虑同步转速为零且负载转矩不可测的个别工程条件下, 证明了该方法能够全局稳定的跟踪转子的给定参考速度和参考磁通. 数值仿真进一步验证了所提出控制方法的有效性.     

舵机负载模拟系统前馈补偿控制研究

舵机负载模拟系统的主要任务是对舵机的力矩负载特性、最大承载能力等参数或特性进行检测,但由于这种系统通常是不稳定的发散系统,系统的不稳定特性直接影响舵机的性能检测精度.为克服此类问题对工程应用的不良影响,提出采用微分负反馈方法来解决负载模拟器的发散问题.同时,针对舵机运动速度分量引起的多余力问题,设计了舵机运动速度前馈补偿的控制算法.基于Matlab进行了控制系统仿真验证,对加入补偿算法前后系统对自然正弦指令信号的力矩响应幅值和相位差值进行了对比,分析了加入校正环节对系统误差的改善情况.仿真和实验结果表明,该方法在工程领域常见工况下具有较好的力矩跟踪性能,能够有效地测试舵机的承载性能.     

Adaptive disturbance observer‐based control for stochastic systems with multiple heterogeneous disturbances

Antidisturbance control problem is discussed for stochastic systems with multiple heterogeneous disturbances, which include the white noise and the disturbance with unknown frequencies and amplitudes. An adaptive disturbance observer is designed to estimate the disturbance with unknown frequencies and amplitudes, based on which, an adaptive disturbance observer‐based control scheme is proposed by combining adaptive technique and linear matrix inequality method. It is proved that the closed‐loop system is asymptotically bounded in mean square when multiple heterogeneous disturbances exist simultaneously and that the equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable in probability as additive disturbance disappears. Finally, two simulation examples, including a wind turbine system, are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

大型火电机组协调系统的双线性自抗扰控制

针对大型火电机组参与电网调峰调频而常处于变负荷工况运行的特点,传统的PID协调控制策略难于满足系统要求,以某600 MW超临界机组为对象,设计了以"炉跟机"为基础的协调系统的双线性自抗扰控制(LADRC)。利用观测器观测的扩张状态补偿系统內外扰动,针对锅炉侧的迟滞对锅炉LADRC增加了前馈补偿;基于Matlab编写LADRC控制算法,借助该机组的全范围仿真机开展变负荷扰动仿真实验。结果表明,该协调系统LADRC对负荷和主汽压力的抗扰控制效果优于PID控制。该算法整定参数少,易于工程应用。     

Adaptation‐Enhanced Model‐Based Control with Charge Feedback for Piezo‐Actuated Stage

This paper proposes a new control design to compensate for the residual control error from charge feedback control. A part of the applied voltage is consumed by the hysteresis effect because of the nature of the piezoelectric material; moreover, this effect is difficult to overcome because it is rate dependent. This work utilizes a piezoelectric electromechanical model to propose a precompensation algorithm for a piezoelectric actuator. A nonlinear compensator can be used to treat both the hysteresis nonlinearity and the rate dependency of the system, and the adjustable parameters are specified through adaptive identification with only basic system information. The proposed design can position a piezoelectric stage with a magnifying mechanism within a few nanometers of a target, and the leftover hysteresis phenomenon is negligible.     

具有未知输入干扰的补偿控制

针对系统存在干扰波形已知但干扰幅值未知或幅值无界的一类外界干扰,提出了一种实现干扰补偿的控制策略,并给出了具体的设计过程。通过对原系统构造一个新的系统输出并为其设计状态观测器,进而实现对状态和干扰的同时估计。此外,并将干扰的估计信息引入到控制律当中,从而实现系统对外界干扰的补偿控制,保证系统状态有界。仿真结果验证了这一控制方法的有效性。     

Synchronization and Tracking Control for Dual‐motor Driving Servo Systems with Friction Compensation

A nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode (NFTSM) controller is designed by incorporating the variable gain neural network (NN) observer, which is utilized to guarantee motor speed synchronization and load position tracking of dual‐motor driving servo systems. By designing the variable gain NN observer, the states and uncertain nonlinearities of servo systems are estimated with fast convergence rate and small steady‐state error, where the effects from external disturbance are suppressed as well. Based on the estimated states, the cross‐coupling synchronization strategy and NFTSM tracking scheme are designed to achieve the rapid speed synchronization and precise load tracking, where the NNs are introduced to approximate and compensate friction nonlinearities. In particular, a novel nonlinear synchronization factor characterizing the degree of speed synchronization is proposed to achieve switching between synchronization control and tracking control, which is proven to deal with the coupling problem of synchronization and tracking. Finally, the comparative simulations and experiments are included to verify the reliability and effectiveness.     

机械手的自适应前馈补偿变结构控制及其微机实现

为了实现高速、高精度的机械手的控制,本文将自适应前馈补偿控制与变结构理论相结合,给出了一种新的鲁棒性控制方法.通过对机械手的实时控制,证明了该方法是可行的.     

Eso‐Based Adaptive Robust Control of Dual Motor Driving Servo System

Based on extended state observer (ESO), we propose an adaptive robust control (ARC) for a dual motor driving servo system, in which there exist nonlinearities affecting control performance. To apply ESO and estimate the lumped uncertainty online, backlash and friction are analyzed and the nonlinear model of the plant is derived. We achieve several control objectives. First, the bias torque is considered in order to eliminate the effect of backlash. Second, the speed feedback is used to maintain the speed synchronization of motors. Then, to achieve feedforward control, finite‐time ESO is designed to estimate the unknown nonlinearities online. Furthermore, the ESO‐based adaptive robust controller is designed to guarantee L_∞ of tracking error by an initialization method, maintaining the transient performance of tracking behavior. Finally, extensive experimental results on a practical test rig validate the effectiveness of our proposed method.     

单神经元PID双直线电机同步控制

本文采用单神经元自适应PID控制方案,将其应用于重型龙门移动式镗铣加工中心双直线电机驱动的轴间反馈回路,以抑制由不同步引起的不平衡扭矩。仿真结果表明,该种控制方案简单、具较好的快速性及无静差、无超调性能,能够较好地满足被控对象对高精度同步控制的要求。