感应电动机调速系统的自适应逆控制

针对电压源型逆变器供电的感应电动机调速系统,提出了一种自适应逆控制方法,实现了电磁转矩和定子磁链的解耦控制．应用得到的逆系统将多变量、非线性、强耦合的感应电动机调速系统解耦为电磁转矩和定子磁链两个一阶线性子系统,从而简化了各个闭环线性调节器的设计难度．为了提高系统的鲁棒性,利用递推最小二乘算法实时辨识电动机参数,降低了参数变化对系统性能的影响．使用MATLAB软件进行了仿真实验,实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性和控制方案的可行性．     

基于左逆系统的无轴承异步电机无速度传感器运行

为了解决无轴承异步电机运行控制中转速检测的问题,实现对其高性能控制,提出了一种基于左逆系统的无速度传感器控制方法.建立了转速与转矩绕组定子电流的子系统,并证明了该子系统是左可逆的,将左逆系统与该子系统串联,便可实现对转速的观测.应用该方法建立了无轴承异步电机无速度传感器的矢量控制系统,并进行仿真研究.结果表明,该方法能在无轴承异步电机全速范围内准确观测出转速,实现无速度传感器方式的稳定悬浮运行.     

感应电机二阶滑模次优算法定子磁链观测器设计

提出了基于二阶滑模次优算法的感应电机定子磁链观测方法,设计了定子磁链观测器,并应用到感应电机直接转矩控制中.本文设计的磁链观测器,通过准确的跟踪电流及其变化率,从而实现对转子磁链的准确估算,然后利用转子磁链与定子磁链的关系,估算出定子磁链.由于本文设计的定子磁链观测器是一个多输入多输出(MIMO)系统,稳定性分析非常复杂,为此将磁链估算误差的微分看作扰动处理,从而将MIMO的观测器模型分解成两个独立的单输入单输出(SISO)系统,简化了稳定性分析.将该观测器用于感应电机直接转矩控制中,达到了很好的控制效果.仿真和实验验证了该方法的有效性.     

多变量连续预测控制的动态补偿*

本文利用多变量系统的频域设计方法－特征结构分解，将多变量系统分解为一组独立的ＳＩＳＯ特征子系统，对各特征子系统，通过加权补偿，由极点配置保证闭环特征子系统稳定，进而保证原闭环系统渐近稳定。     

SECOND‐ORDER NONSINGULAR TERMINAL SLIDING MODE DECOMPOSED CONTROL OF UNCERTAIN MULTIVARIABLE SYSTEMS

This paper proposes a second‐order nonsingular terminal sliding mode decomposed control method for multivariable linear systems with internal parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. First, the systems are converted into the block controllable form, consisting of an input‐output subsystem and a stable internal dynamic subsystem. A special second‐order non‐singular terminal sliding mode is proposed for the input‐output subsystem. The control law is designed to drive the states of the input‐output subsystem to converge to the equilibrium point asymptotically. Then the states of the stable zero‐dynamics of the system converge to the equilibrium point asymptotically. The method proposed in the paper has advantages for higher‐dimensional multivariable systems, in the sense that it simplifies the design and makes it possible to realize a robust decomposed control. Meanwhile, because of the adoption of the second‐order sliding mode, the control signal is continuous. Simulation results are presented to validate the design.     

感应电机最小定子电流的PI预测函数控制

研究感应电机效率优化问题,针对目前传统控制方法在电动机动态时为使电机能够提高响应性能而无法兼顾效率优化的缺点,设计了一种基于多变量PI预测函数的最大转矩电流比控制策略.通过引入预测输出误差项,构建具有比例、积分性质的多变量预测函数控制器,并应用到感应电机电流环控制中.能够有效地控制定子电流励磁分量与转矩分量,从而实现电动机转子磁链与转速的解耦控制.改进型多变量PI预测函数控制策略具有跟踪效果好、抗干扰能力强、无超调、稳态误差小的优点,兼顾了感应电机的动态效率与转速响应速度.同时该算法与传统预测控制器结构类似,便于广大工程人员设计实现,适用于电动汽车中的驱动电机.     

基于逆系统方法的感应电机调速控制系统

从一般非线性系统的相对阶定义出发分析了感应电机的可逆性,对感应电机变频调速系统应用逆系统方法,将这一多变量、非线性、强耦合的复杂对象解耦成转速与转子磁链两个二阶线性子系统,并运用线性系统理论对设计的闭环控制器进行控制。仿真结果表明系统具有良好的静态及动态性能。     

Robust linear parameter‐varying control of induction motors

The paper deals with the motion control of an induction motor. Because the nonlinear state equations describing the dynamics of such a machine can be embedded into a linear model with the rotor speed ω as a varying parameter, advantage is taken of some recent results on the control of linear parameter‐varying systems, thus ensuring stability independently of how the varying parameter changes in time within a compact set. The adopted control structure consists of a fast inner electric loop that controls the stator currents and an outer mechanical loop that generates the torque acting on the motor shaft. Of crucial importance is the design of the internal model controller for the current loop. In particular, it is proved that an algebraically equivalent electric motor model admits a Lyapunov function that, together with its Lyapunov derivative, is independent of ω and of all motor parameters. This result allows us to find an upper bound on the norm of the Youla–Kucera parameter that ensures robust stability against speed measurement errors. Simulations carried out on a benchmark motor model show that the adopted control strategy performs well. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dynamic feedback linearization of the induction motor

Dynamic state feedback is used to achieve feedback linearization of the induction motor. It is shown that the sixth-order nonlinear dynamical model of the induction motor consisting of rotor speed, two stator currents, two rotor fluxes and an integrator in the feedback controller can be made equivalent to two third-order decoupled linear systems by nonlinear state feedback through the stator input voltages. It is further shown that a nonsingular dynamic feedback linearizing transformation exists as long as the (electromagnetic) torque put out by the motor is nonzero     

Multivariable adaptive control without a prior knowledge of the delay matrix

This paper is concerned with the structure and role of the time-delay matrix in discrete-time multivariable processes. Interpretations and properties of this matrix as a multivariable generalization of the SISO delay term are discussed. It is formally shown that a finite-time horizon or multi-step cost function for the multivariable case can be minimized subject to a suitable choice of output and control horizons and without prior knowledge of the system delay matrix.     

Adaptive sensorless robust control of AC drives based on sliding mode control theory

This paper focuses in the design of a new adaptive sensorless robust control to improve the trajectory tracking performance of induction motors. The proposed design employs the so‐called vector (or field oriented) control theory for the induction motor drives, being the designed control law based on an integral sliding‐mode algorithm that overcomes the system uncertainties. This sliding‐mode control law incorporates an adaptive switching gain in order to avoid the need of calculating an upper limit for the system uncertainties. The proposed design also includes a new method in order to estimate the rotor speed. In this method, the rotor speed estimation error is presented as a first‐order simple function based on the difference between the real stator currents and the estimated stator currents. The stability analysis of the proposed controller under parameter uncertainties and load disturbances is provided using the Lyapunov stability theory. The simulated results show, on the one hand that the proposed controller with the proposed rotor speed estimator provides high‐performance dynamic characteristics, and on the other hand that this scheme is robust with respect to plant parameter variations and external load disturbances. Finally, experimental results show the performance of the proposed control scheme. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于滑模与自适应观测器的感应电机非线性控制新策略

提出一种结合滑模变结构和自适应观测技术的感应电机非线性控制新方法. 以定子电流与定子磁链为状态变量建立感应电机模型, 采用非线性分析方法建立转矩与磁链误差方程, 使用自适应滑模技术设计转矩与磁链控制器, 推导出定子电压控制量. 基于模型参考技术设计自适应观测器, 向控制器提供准确的转速辨识与磁链观测值,并给出了控制系统的稳定性证明. 该方法具有转矩脉动小、定子磁链畸变不明显的优点, 低速时也具有良好的控制性能, 且对参数与负载变化有较强的鲁棒性. 仿真与实验结果证明了该控制策略的正确性与有效性.     

Active Disturbance Rejection Control System Design for a Morphing Wing Structure

Control system design for a morphing wing structure, which is proposed by NextGen Aeronautics, Inc., is investigated in this paper. The dynamic model of the morphing wing, developed based on the Euler‐Lagrange equation, is nonlinear, multivariable coupled, over‐actuated and uncertain. The allocation‐decoupling controller is designed based on control efficiency and decoupling matrices. For each decoupled subsystem, nonlinear and linear active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) systems are designed and compared. The time‐optimal property and the convergence of nonlinear ADRC are analyzed theoretically based on the isochronic region and Lyapunov theories. The simulation results of the developed control systems show satisfactory performances of decoupling and extreme tolerance of internal uncertainty and external disturbance. The comparison of nonlinear and linear ADRC systems demonstrate that the nonlinear system can provide a little better performance while the linear system can greatly simplify the design procedure. The results indicate that, the methods of control system design proposed in this paper are practical and effective for motion control of complex uncertain dynamical systems.     

Robust output feedback learning control for induction motor servo drives

This paper addresses the output feedback tracking control problem for induction motor servo drives with mechanical uncertainties: rotor angle, rotor speed and stator currents are assumed to be available for feedback. A robust adaptive learning control is designed under the assumption that the reference profile for the rotor angle is periodic with known period: it ‘learns’ the periodic disturbance signal by identifying the Fourier coefficients of any truncated approximation; ??₂ and ??_∞ transient performances are guaranteed in the ‘learning phase’. It is shown that, for any motor initial condition belonging to an arbitrary given compact set, by properly setting the control parameters: (i) the rotor position and flux modulus tracking errors exponentially converge to residual sets, which may be arbitrarily reduced by increasing the number of terms in the truncated Fourier series; (ii) when the unknown periodic disturbance can be represented by a finite Fourier series, the rotor position and flux modulus tracking errors exponentially converge to zero. As in field oriented‐control, the control algorithm generates references for the magnetizing flux component and for the torque component of the stator current leading to significant simplifications for current‐fed motors. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

感应电动机定子磁链与转矩的逆解耦及存在性

对于具有多变量、非线性、强耦合特征的异步电动机调速系统,实现定子磁链与电磁转矩的动态解祸控制足提高系统性能的关键.本文从异步电动机的5阶模犁及其固有的电磁特性出发,证明了其系数矩阵的非奇异性,进而结合逆系统理论证明定子磁链与电磁转矩的逆解耦在任何状态下都是存在的.在此基础上设计了一种通过非线性状态反馈的逆解耦控制方案,将复杂系统解耦成电磁转矩与定子磁链的两个独立线性回路,然后利用线性系统理论分别对转矩与磁链调节器进行综合设计.仿真实验结果验证逆解耦的存在性与解耦控制方案的有效性.     

Distributed control of LPV systems over arbitrary graphs with communication latency

This paper focuses on spatially distributed control systems where the controller sensing and actuation topology is inherited from that of the plant. Specifically, this paper considers distributed systems composed of discrete‐time linear parameter‐varying subsystems interconnected over general graph structures. These distributed systems are subject to a communication latency of one sampling period, where the information sent by a subsystem at the current time step is received by the target subsystem at the next time step. Analysis and synthesis conditions are derived for control design in this setting using a parameter‐dependent Lyapunov approach with the ?₂‐induced norm as the performance measure. Fast and easy‐to‐implement algorithms are also provided for constructing the controller in real time. The techniques developed are finally applied to a leader‐follower formation problem with intermittent communications.     

A differential-algebraic approach to speed estimation in an induction motor

This note considers a differential-algebraic approach to estimating the speed of an induction motor from the measured terminal voltages and currents. In particular, it is shown that the induction motor speed /spl omega/ satisfies both a second- and a third-order polynomial equation whose coefficients depend on the stator voltages, stator currents, and their derivatives. It is shown that as long as the stator electrical frequency is nonzero, the speed is uniquely determined by these polynomials. The speed so determined is then used to stabilize a dynamic (Luenberger type) observer to obtain a smoother speed estimate. With full knowledge of the machine parameters and filtering of the sensor noise, simulations indicate that this estimator has the potential to provide low speed (including zero speed) control of an induction motor under full rated load.     

Polynomial equation approach to exact model matching problem in multivariable linear systems

A new procedure for solving exact model matching problems in multivariable linear systems is presented. The procedure consists of solving a linear polynomial matrix equation. Conditions for existing dynamical, stable and least order solutions of the problem are given. It is a generalization for multivariable linear systems of Kucera's (1981) approach for single-input-single-output (SISO) systems.     

多变量线性模型不确定系统终端滑模分解控制方法

针对线性多变量模型不确定系统系统,提出了一种终端滑模分解控制方法.通过状态变换和去耦合处理将系统转换为块能控标准型,它由值域空间子系统和稳定的零空间子系统组成.提出了特殊的终端滑模超曲面,采用滑模控制策略,使值域空间子系统的状态在有限时间内收敛至平衡点,随后稳定的零空间子系统渐近收敛至平衡点.所提出的方法对于维数较高系统的控制具有较大意义,可简化设计,实现递阶控制.仿真验证了该方法的有效性.     

Adaptive Control of Piecewise Linear Systems with State Feedback for Output Tracking

A piecewise linear system consists of a set of linear time‐invariant (LTI) subsystems, with a switching sequence specifying an active subsystem at each time instant. This paper studies the adaptive control problem of single‐input, single‐output (SISO) piecewise linear systems. By employing the knowledge of the time instant indicator functions of system parameter switches, a new controller structure parametrization is proposed for the development of a stable adaptive control scheme with reduced modeling error in the estimation error signal used for parameter adaptive laws. This key feature is achieved by the new control scheme's ability to avoid a major parameter swapping term in the error model, with the help of indicator functions whose knowledge is available in many applications. A direct state feedback model reference adaptive control (MRAC) scheme is presented for such systems to achieve closed‐loop signal boundedness and small output tracking error in the mean square sense, under the usual slow system parameter switching condition. Simulation results on linearized NASA GTM models are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.