Design and analysis of low‐speed,high‐torque permanent magnet motors

This paper presents design and analysis of low‐speed, high‐torque permanent magnet motors. The motor has 16‐pole, 18‐coil construction, and a unique winding arrangement to produce high torque. The simplified torque analysis is proposed considering the line of magnetic induction distribution in the motor. The validity of the proposed analysis has been proved by both linear and nonlinear FEM analyses. The 500‐Nm, 200‐rpm test motor has been designed and constructed and the motor shows the expected characteristics. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 132(3): 48–56, 2000     

Optimum design approach for low‐speed,high‐torque permanent magnet motors

This paper presents an optimum design approach for low‐speed, high‐torque permanent magnet motors. The approach is divided into two steps: the first consists of the rough estimation of torque by linear analysis, and the second the optimization of the motor configuration by nonlinear FEM analysis. Under restricted dimensional specifications and electrical requirements, a 16‐pole, 18‐coil permanent magnet motor with a rating of 600 Nm and 300 rpm was designed and constructed. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 135(4): 52–63, 2001     

微球轴承支撑的集成电磁微型汽轮发电系统设计

为实现碳氢化合物发电机的小型化,提高微机电系统的集成性和发电效能,设计了一种微球轴承支撑的电磁微型涡轮发电机系统,由一种具有高磁通密度的厚磁性元件的硅微涡轮转子和一种具有最佳磁通连接和低压线圈电阻的薄铜片线圈组成.充分利用微球轴承的稳定性和简单性,实现了利用气流推动转子转动输出电能的集成度高和简单操作目的.对系统设计方...     

Proposal and Feasibility Study of the Integrated Diode Synchronous Motor

This paper presents a new type of magnet‐free motor that has concentrated stator windings and rotor coils with a pair of diodes. The most important feature of this motor is that currents in the rotor coils can be generated by utilizing the changes in the spatial second harmonic of the magnetic fields due to the concentrated stator windings, which normally increase motor losses. A prototype of the motor was designed and fabricated, and its basic performance was evaluated. First, using simplified analytic models, we explain the mechanism of inducing currents in the rotor coils by the changes in the spatial second harmonic of the magnetic fields. Second, we compare the torque performance of the proposed motor and that of other types of motors including a magnet motor through finite‐element analyses. The analyzed data show that the proposed motor can possess greater torque/volume ratio than that of the other motors. Finally, using the measured data, we validate the mechanism of inducing currents in the rotor coils, and examine the torque and power characteristics of the motor.     

Study of shunt type SFCL equipped with electromagnetic repulsion switch for large capacity

Using a high‐temperature superconductor, we constructed and tested a model Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL). The SFCL that we proposed has a vacuum interrupter with electromagnetic repulsion mechanism. We set out to construct a high‐voltage‐class SFCL. We produced an electromagnetic repulsion switch equipped with a 24‐kV vacuum interrupter (VI). However, the opening speed becomes slower, because the larger vacuum interrupter needs a heavier‐weight contact. For this reason, the current which flows in a superconductor may not be interruptible within a half cycle of current. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to change the design of the coil connected in parallel and to strengthen the electromagnetic repulsion force at the time of opening the vacuum interrupter. Thus, the design of the coil was changed, and in order to examine whether the problem is solvable, a current limiting test was conducted. We carried out a current limiting test using second‐generation (2G) HTS wire. The element used in this experiment has a stainless steel stabilizer on both sides of the wire. In the experiment we succeeded in interrupting the current of a superconductor within a half cycle. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 173(4): 20–27, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21039     

真空干泵用爪极永磁电机设计与分析

轴向分段式爪极电机具有转矩密度高、结构简单、制造成本低以及节约材料等优点。设计了一台1.5 kW、9 000 r/min的轴向分段式爪极电机。对电机的电磁设计与温度分布进行分析,验证设计的合理性。对于爪极参数的选取,研究了爪极角与爪尖长度对电机转矩大小、转矩波动以及空载电动势的影响,给出了合适的选取范围。分析结果为新型真空干泵驱动电机产品开发提供了参考依据。     

变频起动电机的设计研究

研制的起动电机是燃气轮机起动用重要设备。为满足燃气轮机稳定起动以及对起动电流和起动转矩的要求,采用变频起动的设计思想,利用电磁计算设计满足要求的变频起动电机,采用变频起动方式时,具有起动电流小,控制方式简单等特点。最后研制了样机,并完成了试验测试,试验结果证明该设计思想是正确的,具有很好的工程实用价值。     

无刷力矩电机力矩波动系数实测值与设计值差异性

力矩波动系数是衡量无刷力矩电机品质的重要指标。在电机的研制和生产过程中,样机力矩波动系数实测值往往高于设计值。为此,通过样机试验与模拟仿真,从样机生产过程中绕组线圈、三相电流、定转子偏心等分析产生该差异性的原因,结果表明偏心是引起样机实测值大于设计值的主要原因,三相电流、绕组线圈影响次之。通过优化结构设计降低定转子偏心量,并考虑偏心引起的力矩波动对设计值进行修正,可提高力矩波动系数设计值与实测值的一致性。     

一种新型的真空断路器控制电路的设计

ABB公司于1997年研制的永磁机构真空断路器,其永磁机构采用双稳态双线圈结构。而鞍山科技大学采用自行研制的双稳态单线圈结构,这种结构更为简捷、可靠性更高。自行设计的控制电路解决了单线圈永磁机构的分、合闸控制问题。通过计算机仿真和物理实验的对比,验证了设计的正确性。     

A Low‐Speed,High‐Torque Motor Drive Using a Modular Multilevel Cascade Converter Based on Triple‐Star Bridge Cells (MMCC‐TSBC)

This paper provides an experiment‐based discussion on a modular multilevel cascade converter based on triple‐star bridge cells (MMCC‐TSBC) for a low‐speed high‐torque motor drive. The TSBC is a direct ac‐to‐ac power converter capable of achieving bidirectional power flow as well as drawing and feeding three‐phase sinusoidal input (supply‐side) and output (motor‐side) currents with any power factor at both sides. This paper discusses active dc‐capacitor‐voltage control applied to the low‐speed, high‐torque motor drive. A specially designed downscaled system combining a 320‐V, 38‐Hz, 6‐pole, 15‐kW induction motor with a 400‐V, 15‐kW TSBC is constructed and tested to confirm the validity of the motor drive. Experimental waveforms obtained from the downscaled system confirm stable operation with the rated load torque across a range from a standstill to the rated speed, including satisfactory start‐up performance.     

负载对CT取能的影响分析及实验研究

随着智能电网的发展,诸多监测设备被应用在电力系统之中。研究在线监测设备的供电问题受到很多学者关注。对使用纳米晶铁芯和硅钢铁芯的取电线圈进行了实验,验证了使用纳米晶铁芯的线圈在接阻性负载情况下能够获取更大功率的特性,讨论了取电线圈接桥式整流加电容滤波电路后的输出特性,设计了一种功率控制电路,在高压线路电流较大时能够限制取能线圈的输出功率,从而防止后续电路过压,同时抑制铁芯的饱和,并通过实验验证了电路的有效性。     

Study of Superconductor Recovery Time Characteristics and High‐Speed Reclosing of Electromagnetic Repulsion Switch

Using a high‐temperature superconductor, we constructed and tested a model superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL). The superconductor and a vacuum interrupter serving as the commutation switch were connected in parallel using a bypass coil. When the fault current flows in this equipment, the superconductor is quenched and the current is then transferred to the parallel coil due to the voltage drop in the superconductor. This large current in the parallel coil actuates the magnetic repulsion mechanism of the vacuum interrupter and the current in the superconductor is interrupted. Using this equipment, the current flow time in the superconductor can easily be minimized. On the other hand, the fault current is also easily limited by the large reactance of the parallel coil. This system has many advantages. Thus, we introduced an electromagnetic repulsion switch. High‐speed reclosing after interrupting the fault current in the electrical power system is essential. Thus, the SFCL should recover to the superconducting state before high‐speed reclosing. But the superconductor generates heat at the time of quenching, and it takes time to recover to the superconducting state. Therefore, the recovery time is an issue. In this paper, we study the superconductor recovery time. We also propose an electromagnetic repulsion switch with a reclosing system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 175(3): 12–19, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21072     

基于响应面法的瞬变电磁法聚焦线圈优化设计

针对瞬变电磁法激励线圈参数开展研究,根据磁感应强度矢量叠加原理,设计几种结构简单具有聚焦特性的激励线圈结构,通过比较聚焦效果、互感大小及制做难度等综合考虑择优选出（矩形面阵列）,通过响应面法对具有磁聚焦特性的线圈进行参数优化,然后利用电磁仿真软件进行模拟仿真,与传统单线圈进行对比,该激励线圈使磁场的主要能量聚焦在半径小于0．3m,且该目标区域内磁感应强度增强了33％,为下一步实际应用奠定基础,改变矩形阵列的重合面积实现不同埋深的磁聚焦,良好的聚焦效果提高瞬变电磁法的局部缺陷检出率,实现并行和重叠埋地金属管道剩余壁厚的精确检测。     

New Hybrid‐Excited Motor Using Armature Windings as Field Flux Source

In this paper, a new hybrid‐excited motor is proposed. Its unique feature is that it has no field exciting coil, despite being a type of bypass yoke core (BYC) hybrid‐excited synchronous motor. Based on finite element analysis (FEA), the following facts are clarified. Since the stator coil magnetomotive force (MMF) and claw poles rotate at the same speed and in the same direction, they are motionless relative to each other. Since the claw poles are located at one of its ends near the BYC surface with a gap, it receives immovable magnetization by the stator coil MMF through the BYC; then the claw poles can supply a magnetic field flux via the BYC. This flux via the BYC increases the total torque, because its torque is added the two other torque components: the permanent magnet torque and claw poles reluctance torque. In addition, the magnetic polarity and the amount of the flux of the claw poles can be varied by controlling the armature current phase angle.     

片状无轴承磁电机的研究

研究了一种新型的片状无轴承永磁电机的工作原理和结构设计，只须控制转子的两个径向自由度，就能够实现磁悬浮并驱动电机旋转；当电机极对数33时，径向磁悬浮力与电机转矩互不耦合，可以独立设计磁悬浮轴承与电机的控制系统；提出了新的、工艺性好的绕线方法，只需在单个磁极上绕线，不需要跨磁极绕线；研制了电气控制系统，包括双向电流型开关功率放大器、PID控制器等；设计、制造了内转子式的片状无轴承永磁电机样机；试验研究表明，研究的片状无轴承永磁电机成功地实现了磁悬浮，最高转速达到了3300 r/min，转子振幅<20 mm。     

一种组合式同步感应线圈发射器研究

同步感应线圈发射器是一类利用电磁能推进电枢的发射器。普通三级线圈发射器在加速电枢过程中形成的推力不够平滑稳定,且随着速度与推力的增大,驱动线圈易于损坏。文章提出了一种两段三级组合式同步感应线圈发射器设计方案,进而采用有限元仿真软件进行了场路耦合计算,对普通三级线圈同步感应发射器和新设计的发射器的电枢所受电磁力、电枢速度变化等特性的波形进行了比较。结果表明,两段三级组合式同步感应线圈发射器对电枢能产生更大的推力,且推力和加速度变化特性的波形更为平滑稳定;而且其两段三级组合式设计,能够分散线圈的径向受力,从而使驱动线圈不易损坏。物理试验结果验证了仿真计算结果的可信性。     

基于ANSYS三维仿真的两种无线充电器充电效率的研究

无线充电技术是一种采用无线方式进行电能传输的技术。首先研究了无线充电器的基本工作原理,然后针对无线充电器充电过程中充电效率低下的问题,利用ANSYS有限元软件进行耦合仿真,分析比较了单线圈与三线圈无线充电器在不同侧移距离时的充电效率,分析结果表明单线圈充电效率更高,三线圈充电器充电效率更稳定,为多线圈充电器的设计提供了理论依据。     

New Simple Torque‐Sensorless Torque Control for Quasi‐perfect Compensation of Sixth‐Harmonic Torque Ripple Due to Nonsinusoidal Distribution of Back EMF of PMSM

This paper proposes a new torque‐sensorless torque control method for permanent‐magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The proposed method can almost perfectly compensate the sixth harmonic torque ripple that is caused by nonsinusoidal distributions of the back electromagnetic force and the rotor magnetic flux of PMSMs. The torque control system is, in principle, constructed on the basis of vector control, but has two new, dedicated speed‐varying devices: a harmonic torque observer and a current controller. The speed‐varying harmonic torque observer can estimate the harmonic component over a wide range of speeds, even when the generated torque is constant, and produce a suitable compensation signal. The speed‐varying current controller shows stable control performance over a wide range of speeds; it can fully track the compensated current command containing the DC and sixth harmonic components. The effectiveness of the proposed method is examined and verified through extensive numerical experiments.     

低加速力波动感应线圈型发射器的外电路设计

感应线圈型发射器中每级驱动线圈都会对电枢产生脉冲形式的电磁推力,导致电枢在发射过程中加速力波动较大。过大的加速力峰值以及加速力波动都可能对载荷造成不利影响甚至损坏其内部携带的敏感电子器件,因而限制了感应线圈型发射器在实际工程应用中的价值。针对上述问题,提出一种多电容分时触发的新型驱动电路,并通过分析电容值和电枢触发位置变化对发射器发射效率的影响,说明了该电路的可行性。设计三种模式的驱动电路进行对比,研究结果表明：相比于其他电路触发模式,提出的分时触发模式在初始储能相同和电枢出口速度近似的情况下,电磁加速力峰值降低了2.04 kN,加速力波动降低了2.36 kN。因此,采用分时触发电容的驱动外电路,可以有效降低电枢的加速力峰值和加速力波动,并为携带敏感载荷的感应线圈型发射器的设计提供了参考价值。     

The Cycloid Permanent Magnetic Gear

This paper presents a new permanent-magnet gear based on the cycloid gearing principle, which normally is characterized by an extreme torque density and a very high gearing ratio. An initial design of the proposed magnetic gear was designed, analyzed, and optimized with an analytical model regarding torque density. The results were promising as compared to other high-performance magnetic-gear designs. A test model was constructed to verify the analytical model.