纹理合成中的邻域大小自动识别算法

在许多采用马尔可夫随机场模型的基于样图的纹理合成算法中，邻域大小决定着这些合成算法的纹理合成质量和合成速度。但目前该参数是由用户根据目测的纹元大小进行试探性的设置，往往需要多次试探才能获得较为理想的邻域大小，设置起来非常不便。文章运用统计分析的方法，提出了一种邻域大小自动识别的算法。实验表明，在一个较宽的纹理范围内，该算法能够自动地识别出理想的邻域大小。     

纹理合成中邻域窗口参数的自动提取算法

在纹理图像合成中,邻域窗口的大小是一个重要参数,直接影响着合成图的质量。文章基于平滑图像与差值图像,通过对大量纹理图像和非纹理图像的实验分析,发现了一些规律,并在此基础上提出了一种邻域窗口大小的自动提取算法。试验表明,该方法对规则纹理和随机纹理都具有较好的效果,具有很好的实用价值。     

基于邻域子块相关的快速纹理合成

提出一种新的基于邻域子块相关的快速纹理合成方法,通过预处理,在合成过程中利用邻域子块的相关性,把搜索范围限制在当前块的邻域,与基于块抽样的纹理合成算法相比,时间复杂度从O(M×N)降至O(M),并且对于一幅输入纹理合成不同大小的输出纹理,只需对输入纹理进行一次预处理。实验结果表明,对于广泛存在的真实纹理,邻域子块的相关能更好地描述纹理的特征,合成出视觉效果上更优的输出纹理。     

彩色像对的邻域边界差值模板匹配算法研究

分析了区域算法中SAD在非纹理区域容易产生错误匹配的缺点,提出了一种利用邻域边界差值模板的彩色图像立体匹配新算法。该算法利用了图像的边界信息来动态选择基准点邻域范围内的边界点,以该点为中心取一像素邻域作为伴随窗,将伴随窗的颜色信息加入到评价函数中以达到减少非纹理区域错误匹配目的。该算法的实验结果通过Middlebury网站评测,证明能够得到浓密视差图的同时有效地减少了非纹理区域的错误匹配。而且该算法简单易于实现,精度较高,具有良好的匹配效率。     

纹理合成的自相关性判别法及其应用

从加快纹理相似性的判别速度出发,提出了一种纹理合成的自相关性判别法.传统的纹理合成算法随着邻域和样本的增大,计算量将成倍增加,纹理合成速度减慢的劣势逐渐体现出来.因此,算法对样本纹理建立简单的自相关性距离查找表,利用L邻域内像素的自相关性距离作为像素匹配的判别依据,以查找取代传统匹配过程中的繁琐计算,极大地加快了合成速度,可实现动态的、多精度的合成效果调控,以及避免块匹配中易出现纹理接缝的问题.经验证,该算法可在纹理合成、图像修补及纹理检索中应用,并可很好地达到实时的应用要求.     

GPU适用的并行纹理合成算法

基于样图的纹理合成是一个大计算量过程,为了利用GPU的并行计算能力进行大规模纹理合成,我们提出一种并行纹理合成算法.该算法综合块查找和全局纹理优化算法分多遍进行纹理的合成和优化,其中每一遍分为串行纹理块定位和并行最优块匹配2个阶段.纹理块定位阶段在CPU端按照扫描线顺序确定待合成的邻域,并将邻域位置传入GPU;最优块匹配阶段在GPU端并行计算待合成邻域与对应样本邻域的全局距离,并查找出最优解得到匹配块.最后根据匹配过程统计数据自适应调整优化规模,在全局范围内对纹理进行迭代优化.实验结果表明,文中算法在保证大规模纹理合成效果的基础上减少了计算时间,能够满足交互式纹理合成的应用.     

一种新的纹理合成算法

本算法以马尔可夫随机域(Markov Random Field)模型合成纹理,使用图象金字塔(Image Pyramid)的方法,以一个样本纹理图象作为输入,在样本纹理图象中随机抽取一块很小的区域作为合成纹理图象的种子区域,在种子区域的边缘按照螺旋顺序合成.在合成纹理图象的每个像素时,通过候选列表搜索、全局搜索和中心搜索相结合的方法,在候选列表搜索和全局搜索中使用不同大小的邻域搜索其匹配点,能够快速准确地找到最优的匹配点.实验表明,这种算法对于大多数纹理都能取得很好的效果.     

基于泊松填充的纹理自适应插值方法

针对新图形技术条件下的纹理合成问题,提出一种纹理插值方法,可将源纹理图像自适应拉伸为不同尺寸的纹理图像并保持其清晰度不改变。首先,采用高维图像插值算法将源纹理裂变为目标纹理分辨率,作为中间过渡纹理;其次,利用自然图像的自相似性,依据中间纹理像素特征随机从源纹理中选取像素块;最后,使用泊松图像编辑算法将源纹理像素块平滑嵌入到中间纹理的间隙区域,得到最终的合成纹理。通过与现有算法的大量对比实验表明,该算法对静态和非静态纹理合成问题都能适用,且合成结果与源纹理具有较高的视觉一致性。另外,该算法逻辑简单、计算快速,无法复杂优化计算或者学习训练步骤,适合在低硬件配置的移动平台应用。     

应用粒子群优化算法的混合纹理合成*

应用粒子群优化算法作为像素寻优策略,应用于多样图纹理合成算法中,将群智能中经典的粒子群优化算法引入到纹理合成领域。应用粒子群优化多样图纹理合成方法是传统的基于像素纹理合成方法和基于块的纹理合成方法的折中,除能大大提高多样图纹理合成的速度,样图的质量也得到了很大改善。实验证明,该算法有效解决了徐晓刚混合纹理合成中输出纹理出现的条痕问题。     

一种用于视图合成的空洞填充算法*

针对较小的空洞提出了一种新的空洞填充算法。该算法总是先填充那些4邻域像素集中不空的像素大于等于本轮域值的空洞点,并且每填完一遍空洞点之后都重新搜索4邻域像素集中所有像素都不空的空洞点以开始下一轮填充。实验表明,该算法能较好地填充较小的空洞,特别是对纹理单一区域中的空洞能产生良好的填充效果。该算法适用于经过平滑深度图处理后剩余空洞的填充。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。