热带钢超快速冷却条件下的对流换热系数研究

建立了热带钢超快速冷却过程的导热微分方程,采用有限差分方法计算了薄带钢实现超快速冷却(对于4 mm以下的薄带钢,冷却速率可达300℃/s)所需的带钢表面对流换热系数.同时,在实验室条件下采用厚度为20 mm的钢板进行了超快速冷却试验,得到了超快速冷却条件下的带钢表面对流换热系数与冷却水流量的关系.结果表明,在一定水流量范围内随着冷却水量的增加,带钢表面换热系数逐渐增加;采用所确定的换热系数对不同厚度钢板得到的温降曲线与实测值吻合较好,具有较高的精度.     

热轧中厚板超快速冷却过程温度场数值模拟

 超快速冷却工艺作为热轧钢板生产的核心技术,对改善板材产品组织形态、提升产品性能具有重要意义。在中厚钢板的超快速冷却过程中,心部与表面之间的冷却速度差异使得钢板在厚度方向上形成内外温度差,而超快速冷却中钢板表面的换热机制较为复杂,两者综合提升了中厚板冷却机制的界定难度。为提升中厚板超快冷模型计算精度,完善其换热体系,建立了中厚钢板轧后超快速冷却过程中等效换热系数反求法的数学模型。该模型依托离散解析法,基于导热微分方程及物体正规阶段的状态特点,将求得的超越方程根转化为等效换热系数,并将此作为超快冷温度场模型的边界条件。在此基础上,构建了超快速冷却温度场仿真模型,验证了20 mm钢板超快速冷却机制下的温度场。结果表明,等效换热系数反求法的数学模型能够适用于中厚钢板的超快冷工艺。     

立式连续退火炉中带钢气体射流冷却数值模拟及温度场计算

气体射流冷却是立式连退炉内带钢快速冷却的主要方式,计算冷却过程中带钢温度场分布,对改善带钢连续退火工艺有着重要的指导意义。利用CFD模拟软件对冷却过程进行数值模拟,获得带钢表面换热系数分布规律。运用有限差分法,对带钢温度场分布进行数值仿真计算。研究了初始带钢温度对冷却过程中带钢温度场分布规律的影响。     

带钢层流冷却过程中冲击穿透深度的数值模拟

带钢在层流冷却过程中距表面较近的区域温度存在反复升降的现象,造成厚度方向上组织和性能的差异。结合酒钢CSP热轧带钢生产数据,建立一维热轧带钢有限元模型,计算层流冷却过程中带钢的温度场。提出了冷却过程中带钢冲击穿透深度的概念,并初步探究其影响因素。厚度为3和4mm的带钢计算得出的卷取温度比实测温度分别高3和8℃,相对误差分别为0.44%和1.16%,验证了模型和假设的合理性。结果表明,冷却过程中冲击穿透深度受带钢的导热系数、平流区的对流换热系数、带钢表面温度和喷嘴分布的影响;带钢上表面喷嘴分布较少,冲击穿透深度随对流换热系数的增大而增加,下表面喷嘴分布密集起主导作用,增加对流换热系数,冲击穿透深度几乎不受影响。     

CSP热轧过程温度场模拟

综合考虑传热、变形及变形过程中的再结晶之间的相互影响，对C—Mn钢在CSP热连轧过程的温度场进行了计算机模拟。确定了各种工艺条件下的传热边界条件及其对应的换热系数关系式，计算出了轧件变形过程中温度变化和温度场分布。算例表明，模拟计算具有较好的精度，能为进一步模拟带钢轧后组织演变和性能预测分析提供计算基础。     

热轧带钢在常规层流冷却中温度不均匀性的有限元分析

采用MARC有限元软件,对不同宽度和厚度的普碳钢Q235和管线钢X70的热轧带钢在常规层流冷却中的温度场进行了计算和分析.结果表明:常规层流冷却加剧带钢在宽度和厚度方向的冷却不均匀性.冷却过程中12mm厚X70管线钢带钢的上、下表面温差达到30℃,会使带钢产生冷却翘曲.上集管的流量均匀分布设计和下集管固定流量设计是常规...     

立式连退炉快冷段氢气含量对带钢温度的影响

立式连续热处理炉快冷段混合气的氢气含量,对换热系数和带钢温度有很大的影响,体现了冷却气体物理性质与换热系数和带钢温度之间的关系。在其他条件相同而氢气含量不同的条件下,对带钢传热状态进行分析,利用冷却设备几何结构、努塞尔数与换热系数的关系,得到带钢瞬时冷却温度计算公式,为生产及工程设计提供了一定的依据。     

厚规格钢板在ACO中极限冷却速度研究

通过数值模拟方法对钢板冷却过程温度变化进行研究,分析冷却速度随换热系数的变化规律.结果表明,随着表面换热系数增大,冷却速度呈S形,逐渐达到一稳定值.随着换热系数的增大,当冷却结束时,钢板表面温度接近于冷却水温度,冷却速度达到极限值.极限冷却速度远大于加速冷却和超快速冷却的冷却速度.极限冷却速度随钢板厚度的增大、开冷温度升高和终冷温度的降低而减小.冷却水温度对极限冷却速度影响较小.     

7050铝合金喷水淬火表面换热系数的热模拟研究

针对7050铝合金末端的喷水淬火过程,建立喷水表面某时刻换热系数二维分布的3个模型:喷射面均匀分布模型(H-Model),喷射水柱区均匀分布模型(F-Model)和喷射表面非均匀分布模型(G-Model),通过ABAQUS有限元软件包的用户子程序接口实现换热系数二维分布条件下的温度场模拟。有限元模拟与实测的冷却曲线对比表明,H-Model的平均误差约9%,F-Model的平均误差约7%,预测值的平均误差约4%。由此证明运用一维传热模型测算的换热系数构建其二维非均匀分布的方法简便、可靠,能为研究铝合金材料喷水淬火冷却机理与工艺控制提供更加准确的温度场结果。     

立式炉内转向辊传热过程数学模型

应用粗糙表面间接触换热数学模型,建立了带钢连续热处理立式炉内转向辊辊室传热过程数学模型,综合考虑了接触换热、对流换热、辐射换热等换热方式.对转向辊辊室传热的仿真分析表明:转向辊辊面温度变化层的厚度不超过10mm,同时在带钢连续热处理立式炉中,可以忽略转向辊传热对带钢温度的影响.     

改善中厚板轧后超快冷均匀性的措施及其应用

 以改善中厚板轧后冷却均匀性为目的,从高压水射流冲击换热原理出发,研究在超快速冷却条件下的改善钢板冷却均匀性方法。通过合理设计集管及其布置形式,采用上集管位置设定、水比设定以及钢板头尾速度遮蔽等措施,实现了在超快速冷却过程中钢板各个方向上的冷却均匀性。将上述措施用于在线生产,结果表明,钢板各向均匀性控制良好,长度方向95%以上的温度被控制在距离目标返红温度±25℃的范围之内。     

Re-reddening on Strip Surface After Water Cooling

After water cooling,there is a big temperature difference between the center and the surface of strip,which leads to the heat transfer from the center to the surface,and the surface temperature can rise in a short time.The finite element method was used to simulate the phenomena of re-reddening on the surface of strip and to analyze the temperature field of hot rolled strip during laminar cooling,and the periodical variation curve of the cooling rate was obtained during water cooling and subsequent re-reddening.The results show that the critical line of the cooling rate is at 1/3 of the half-thickness from the strip surface.The regression model of the relation of re-reddening temperature,time,and distance from the surface was obtained in the re-reddening region.Re-reddening regularity on the surface of strip under the condition of different thickness and cooling rate was also studied.     

Ultra Fast Cooling of a Hot Steel Plate by Using High Mass Flux Air Atomized Spray

In the current research, the ultra fast cooling (UFC) of a hot stationary AISI‐304 steel plate has been investigated by using air atomized spray at different air and water flow rates. The initial temperature of the plate, before the cooling starts, is kept at 900°C or above. The spray was produced from a full cone internal mixing air atomized spray nozzle at a fixed nozzle to plate distance; and the average spray mass flux was varied from 130 to 370 kg m^?2 s by selecting different combinations of air and water flow rates. The surface heat flux and surface temperature calculations have been performed by using INTEMP software and the calculated results have been validated by comparing with the measured thermocouple data. The heat transfer analysis indicates that the cooling occurs in the transition boiling regime up to surface temperature of 500°C and thereafter it changes to nucleate boiling regime. The superposed flow of air on the hot plate enhances the cooling in the temperature range of 900–500°C by sweeping the partially evaporated droplets from the hot surface. However, due to the high percentage of fine water droplets in the resultant spray produced at higher air flow rates, the maximum cooling rate is achieved at the medium air flow rate of 30 N m³ h^?1. The cooling rate (182°C s^?1) produced by an air atomized spray is found to be in the UFC regime of a 6 mm thick steel plate. The findings of this research can be considered as the basis for the fabrication of cooling system in the run‐out table of a hot strip mill.     

Hot Rolled Strip Re-reddening Temperature Changing Law during Ultra-fast Cooling

Temperature deviation between surface and the center of hot rolled strip is formed during ultra-fast cooling(UFC). Surface temperature would rise when temperature deviation goes up to an extent, and strip re-reddening phenomenon will appear. Strip re-reddening affects the stability of strip microstructure, property and temperature control precision. Thus, it is necessary to conduct research on re-reddening temperature changing law to improve strip property and temperature control precision. Strip temperature trends for various strip thicknesses and ultra-fast cooling rates were obtained by numerical calculation method. Re-reddening temperature, temperature deviation between surface and center, and boundary layer position changing law were obtained. By comparison, some conclusions were obtained: UFC re-reddening temperature and laminar cooling(LC) re-reddening temperature were linear to ultra-fast cooling rate respectively. Ultra-fast cooling rate affected UFC re-reddening temperature greatly, but it had little effect on LC re-reddening temperature. Equations which were used to calculate UFC re-reddening temperature, LC re-reddening temperature and maximum temperature deviation were obtained. The position of boundary layer stayed in 1/4 strip thickness.     

热轧带钢新一代TMCP技术的开发与应用

热轧带钢新一代TMCP技术以超快速冷却为核心,通过冷却系统从空冷至超快冷的无级调控,利用广阔 的冷速范围及精准的温度控制,实现对带钢轧后冷却路径进行灵活的控制。有利于细晶强化、析出强化、固溶强 化、位错强化、相变强化的最佳匹配,从而使得热轧带钢产品获得优良的综合性能。新一代TMCP工艺技术具备低 成本、高效率、高均匀性、高控制精度等特征,是轧制工艺发展的重要领域之一。随着人们对带钢产品性能要求的 不断提高以及资源的日益枯竭,以超快速冷却为核心的热轧带钢新一代TMCP技术具有广阔的发展前景。     

层流冷却过程中带钢温度场数值模拟

分析了带钢层流冷却过程中的传热，并利用有限元法对层流冷却过程中带钢温度场进行了模拟计算。结果表明：随着轧件厚度的减薄，在带钢厚度方向上的温差逐渐减小；冷却速度不同时，带钢表面温度和中心温度的变化趋势以及波动幅度相应发生变化。在进行模型计算时，应合理考虑带钢厚度及内部热传导的影响。这对提高数学模型的精度，控制卷取温度，提高产品质量以及指导生产具有重要意义。     

Effects of Technological Parameters on Microstructures and Properties of Low Cost Hot Rolled Dual-Phase Steel on CSP Line

The effects of technological parameters on microstructures and properties of low cost hot rolled dual-phase steel was researched by design different finish rolling temperature,mid cooling temperature between laminar cooling and UFC (ultra fast cooling) and stable UFC rate on the same gauge strips with the same chemistry composition during the manufacture process.It is the key for controlling coil temperature to control finish rolling temperature and mid cooling temperature between laminar cooling and UFC that based on stable UFC rate precondition.The lower finish rolling temperature,with mid cooling temperature between laminar cooling and UFC,the better to form martensite is.The foundation of developing the similar productions on the similar product line was supplied.It is good to technological advancement of developing high affixation value production as hot rolled DP steel,TRIP steel etc.in CSP line.     

Analysis of Strip Temperature in Hot Rolling Process by Finite Element Method

 The program was developed by finite element method to calculate the temperature distribution in hot strip rolling. The heat transfer coefficient of air cooling, water cooling and thermal resistance between work roll and strip were analyzed. A new heat generate rate model was proposed according to the influence of source current density, work frequency, air gap and distance to edge on induction heating by finite element method (FEM). The heat generate rate was considered into the thermal analysis to predict the temperature distribution in the induction heating. The influence of induction heating on the strip temperature was investigated with different strip thicknesses. The temperature difference became more and more obvious with the increase of thickness. The strip could be heated quickly by the induction heating both in surface and center because of the thermal conductivity and skin effect. The heat loss of radiation has important influence on the surface temperature. The surface temperature could be heated quickly with high frequency when the strip is thicker.     

冷却工艺对高速连铸结晶器传热的影响

 为了分析冷却水的供水工艺对结晶器铜壁和冷却水温度场的影响,基于结晶器铜壁热电偶实测温度,构建铸坯/铜壁传热反问题和铜壁/冷却水正问题数学模型,采用ANSYS建立铸坯/铜壁/冷却水数值分析模型,对薄板坯结晶器温度场进行耦合传热分析,解析不同冷却工艺对高速薄板坯连铸结晶器内传热行为的影响。结果表明,水缝内冷却水流动方向对铜壁温度场具有显著影响,采用自上而下“反向供水”,比常规冷却工艺时铜壁热面温度峰值降低117 ℃,铜壁侧冷却水最高温度降低24 ℃,有效改善铜板工作状态,抑制冷却水局部沸腾趋势。提高冷却水速度可以进一步降低铜壁和冷却水温度,冷却水温度对铜壁温度场影响较小。