波长扫描光纤干涉仪扫描模型的建立及分析

介绍了一种新的可用于绝对距离测量的波长扫描光纤干涉仪，建立了测量系统及波长扫描的模型，分析了波长扫描的随机漂移对测量的影响，提出了对光源扫描性能的要求．实验结果表明，测量系统的精度可达到０．０５μｍ．     

PSD光学敏感器系统测量目标位置和距离

在ＰＳＤ光学敏感器系统用于空间飞行器交会对接中，进行了测量目标相对位置、距离和角度的理论与实验研究，测距精度为０．０２ｍ，方位角与俯仰角的测量精度分别为０．１７６°和０．１８２°     

高频相位特性的外差式测量系统设计

本文介绍一种采用外差频方案提高高频相位特性测量的分辨率和精度的测量系统。其测量频率范围达几十兆赫，相位的测量精度达０．１°以上。     

新型光纤温度传感器的信号探测终端研究

介绍一种以水银包层光波导作为感温探头的新型光纤温度传感器。它采用的测温方法独特新颖,在２０～１００℃范围的测量精度为０．１℃,理论分析的相对测量精度可达０．０２％。本方案对光电探测终端进行了周密的总体设计,可有效消除测量起始点的外界杂散光的干扰,具有优良的测量重复性,并能实时对采样数据进行计算处理,实现６位数码显示,准确性好,可靠性高。该检测终端同样适用于其他光通信系统中微弱光信号的实时、准确测量     

CCD高温钢坯动态测长仪信号处理系统

文章提出一种新型ＣＣＤ高温钢坯测长仪的工作原理及其信号处理系统。实验结果表明，它能适应现场情况并获得高的测量精度。     

利用弯曲光纤探头检测液体浓度

介绍了一种利用弯曲光纤探头作为传感器件来测量液体浓度的系统，并使用单片机进行控制和数据处理，实现了系统的智能化。其结果表明，对于小区域的浓度测量，具有速度快、实时性强等优点，实时性强等优点，测量精度可达到２．５％，非线性误差小于０．２％。     

半导体激光器多路光纤位移传感器中光强对测量精度的影响

利用半导体激光器线性调频外差干涉原理及分频复用技术构成的新型光纤位移传感器，可同时进行多点位移测量。测量范围为±１ｍｍ，精度为±０．１５μｍ（３σ）。研究了光强因素对其测量精度的影响。     

相移干涉计量中高精度相移器的研究

相移器是相移干涉计量中的关键技术,对测量精度有很大的影响,关系到相移技术的成败。介绍了一种闭环控制的高精度相移器,输出电压精度为０．１％,相移器重复误差小于３°,用该相移器的电子散斑干涉计量系统测量精度可达λ／１００。     

激光镜镜面粗糙度的干涉测量

开发了一种激光镜镜面粗糙度的全场、非接触干涉测量方法。测量了两面不同粗糙度的铜镜,测出的数据和用６ＪＡ型显微干涉轮廓仪测量的结果相吻合。测量的范围为０．０１～０．１２μｍ,理论上测量的精度可达０．００２μｍ。它对镜面抛光过程的控制有实际意义     

光学坐标测量系统中的关键技术

光学坐标测量系统是建立在数字近景摄影测量技术基础上的一种新型精密测量系统,具有便携性好、精度高、测量范围大、受环境干扰小等优点,适合工业工程的现场测量。针对工业现场精密测量的需求,对摄像机模型进行了分析,提出了摄像机残差修正问题,给出了修正方法及基于双目立体视觉原理的通用坐标测量数学模型。搭建了完整的光学坐标测量系统,测量精度优于±0.1 mm/m。     

基于GWO-BP神经网络补偿的SF6红外气体传感器

为实现电力系统中SF 6气体的有效监测与控制,本文基于非色散红外原理(NDIR),设计了一种SF 6气体传感器。但是,在实际的测量中,环境的温度与气压差异性容易影响SF 6气体浓度检测装置的检测精度,因此需要采取适当的方法消除环境引起的测量误差。本文采用灰狼智能优化算法—误差反向传播(GWO-BP)神经网络对环境温度与气压变化引起的测量误差进行了补偿,并与其他补偿方法作了比较。分析得出:进行补偿后的浓度数据在0~2000 ppm范围内误差为±15 ppm,满量程误差为0.75%FS,有效提升了传感器的测量精度与稳定性。相较于电路补偿法,该方法有更高的测量精度,并且降低了传感器的体积和成本。     

电阻悬浮的MEMS热膜式气体流量传感器设计

设计了一种新型电阻悬浮结构的热膜式气体流量传感器,具有测量精度高、灵敏度好、抗压能力强、微加工工艺简单等特点。采用ANSYS软件对传感器芯片在不同流速下的温度场进行了有限元仿真,得出了上下游温差与流速的关系曲线。通过比较热膜电阻非悬浮与悬浮时的导热损失和压力分布,得到了将热膜电阻悬浮的流量传感器的性能要优于一般传感器的结论,其灵敏度为一般传感器的3.6倍。分析表明,传感器的响应时间仅为0.17 ms,比一般传感器快了好几倍;流速在0～0.5 m/s和0.5～2.5 m/s时,传感器输出信号都有较好的线性度,使其能够应用于小流量和大流量的测量当中;流道高度为150μm时,流量为0～2.7 L/h。根据工艺条件和仿真结果,确定了传感器芯片的结构尺寸和微加工工艺流程。     

On the development of a multifunction millimeter-wave sensor for displacement sensing and low-velocity measurement

A new multifunction millimeter-wave sensor operating at 35.6 GHz has been developed and demonstrated for measurement of displacement and low velocity. The sensor was realized using microwave integrated circuits and monolithic microwave integrated circuits. Measured displacement results show unprecedented resolution of only 10 /spl mu/m, which is approximately equivalent to /spl lambda//sub 0//840 in terms of free-space wavelength /spl lambda//sub 0/, and maximum error of only 27 /spl mu/m. A polynomial curve-fitting method was also developed for correcting the error. Results indicate that multiple reflections dominate the displacement measurement error. The sensor was able to measure speed as low as 27.7 mm/s, corresponding to 6.6 Hz in Doppler frequency, with an estimated velocity resolution of 2.7 mm/s. A digital quadrature mixer (DQM) was configured as a phase-detecting processor, employing a quadrature sampling signal-processing technique, to overcome the nonlinear phase response problem of a conventional analog quadrature mixer. The DQM also enables low Doppler frequency to be measured with high resolution. The Doppler frequency was determined by applying linear regression on the phase sampled within only fractions of the period of the Doppler frequency. Short-term stability of the microwave signal source was also considered to predict its effect on measurement accuracy.     

单纵模VCSEL自混合多普勒测速传感系统的设计

基于激光自混合原理研制了多普勒测速传感系统,应用单纵模垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL),简化了光路设计;应用差频模拟锁相环技术处理微弱自混合多普勒信号,提高了测速精度和动态范围;应用单片机进行数字采样测量多普勒频移和计算物体的运动速度,实现了传感系统的集成化和小型化.实验结果表明,该传感系统在采样时间为0.1S的条件下,测速精度优于1%,测速范围达到30～500 mm/s,具有非接触式测量、测速精度高、动态范围大、结构简单、成本低和易于集成化等优点,在生物工程测量等领域有着广泛的应用前景.

Abstract：

The Doppler velocity sensor system based on laser self-mixing effect applies single-longitudinal-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitted laser (VCSEL),simplifying the optical path.And it uses difference frequency analogy phase locked loop (APLL) to process the self-mixing Doppler signal,so both the velocity measurement accuracy and dynamic range can be improved obviously.And it uses microcontroller unit (MCU) to make digital sampling and measure the Doppler signal frequency to obtain the velocity of the target,realizing the integration and miniaturization of velocity sensor systems.The experimental results show that,with the sampling time of 0.Is,the velocity measurement accuracy is better than 1%,and the dynamic range is from 30mm/s to 500 mm/s.The Doppler velocity sensor system has advantages of non-touch measurement,high accuracy of velocity measurement,wide dynamic range,simple configuration,low cost,and convenience in integration,so it has wide applications in such fields as bioengineering measurement.     

磁致伸缩效应光纤微分干涉电流传感器

基于磁致伸缩效应，利用微分干涉仪，设计了一种光纤电流传感器，可用于高精度，高灵敏度电流和磁场的测量，分析了用磁致伸缩效应实现光纤电流传感器的原理，建立了基于磁致伸缩效应传感头的数学模型，并通过实验对光纤电流传感器的输入－输出特性，直流偏置特性和精确度等进行了研究，在8－200A的电流测量范围内，测量比差约为0．5％。     

一种振动传感器带内不平度补偿方法

随着我国航天技术的发展,航天器结构上使用的高精度振动传感器需求越来越迫切,而带内不平度是影响测量精度的重要因素,本文针对1221L-1K0型号加速度传感器在4 kHz的带内不平度无法满足小于1 dB的使用要求,设计了一种使用一阶有源低通滤波电路进行带内不平度补偿的方法。列举了4只1221L-1K0加速度传感器在4 kHz内补偿电路的关键参数设计,基于Multisim软件对补偿后的电路进行仿真分析,并通过B&K 3629传感器校准系统对补偿调理后的振动传感器扫频标定,测试结果表明,补偿后的传感器带内不平度均小于1 dB。     

Development of prototype fiber-optic-based Fizeau pressure sensorswith temperature compensation and signal recovery by coherence reading

A range of prototype fiber-optic-based Fizeau interferometric pressure sensors with temperature compensation and signal recovery by dual-wavelength coherence reading have been developed. A separate fiber-optic-based Fizeau temperature sensor with similar cavity length was incorporated into the pressure sensor to allow the pressure measurement to be corrected for the temperature dependence of the pressure probe. The pressure and temperature probes were multiplexed spatially. For the low-pressure sensor, the obtained range to resolution ratio and the accuracy were ~6.7×10³:1 and better than ±1 percent over a pressure range of 0-0.48 bar, respectively. For the medium pressure sensor, the achieved range to resolution ratio and the overall accuracy were 3.6×10⁴:1 and ±0.15 percent over a full-pressure range of ~10 bar. For the high pressure sensor, a range to resolute ratio of ~1.67×10⁴:1 and an overall measurement accuracy of ±0.69 percent over a pressure range of ~1000 bar have been achieved. Due to the universality of the signal-processing scheme based on the dual-wavelength coherence-reading technique, the signal-processing box can be compatible with a range of sensors illuminated by the sources with similar central wavelengths. This study would be readily used to develop a range of commercial fiber-optic pressure sensors with similar optical path differences, interrogated by a universal signal-processing box, for different applications     

激光光纤压力检测技术在海洋石油勘探中的应用研究

介绍了一种用于海洋石油勘探的反射式强度调制型光纤压力传感器。依据新颖的网络补偿技术 ,提高了强度调制型光纤传感器的长期稳定性和检测精度。从理论上描述了测量误差补偿机理。初步的位移测试实验验证了所设计研制的传感器的正确性和实用性 ,压力的测量精度可达到 0 1MPa。将这种传感器应用于海洋井下压力的检测 ,可具有良好的稳定性和极大的实用价值 ,测量稳定性可以达到 0 1 5 %     

三分量磁通门传感器非正交性误差校正

静态磁场测量中,由于三分量磁通门传感器的非正交性,使得高分辨率测量要求不能得到满足,必须校正其测量误差。通过分析三分量磁通门传感器非正交性误差,给出其数学模型描述,提出了一种基于实数编码遗传算法的校正方法。应用于三分量磁通门传感器非正交性误差的校正,提高了传感器磁场测量的准确度。实验表明,该算法提高了三分量磁通门传感器非正交误差的校正效果。     

一种微带谐振式含水量测量传感器设计

设计了一种用于土壤含水量测量的微带谐振环式传感器。利用仿真软件对所设计传感器进行了仿真分析,并完成了谐振环的制作及实验测量。仿真与测量结果表明,这种谐振环式含水量传感器可用于测量土壤含水量,相较传统的电容传感方法、时域反射仪传感方法等,其在测量准确性上具有优势,且体积小巧,易于安装使用。