Normable metrological characteristics of groups of seismic detectors

An analysis is made of metrological characteristics of seismic detectors categorized in different groups. A discussion is presented of aspects of calculating the characteristics of a group from the parameters of individual detectors while using different methods to compare these parameters.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 3, pp. 45–47, March, 1995.     

The state of the art of metrological support for measurement of parameters of fiber-optic transmission systems

Experience at VNIIOFI is used as basis for discussion of the state of the art of metrological support for measurements in the area of fiber-optic systems for information transmission and their components. We analyze possible approaches to solution of problems in this area. We describe basic methods and hardware currently available in Russia. We consider issues associated with future development. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 10, pp. 24–33, October, 1999.     

Errors of electrical methods of determining the natural frequency of electrodynamic seismic detectors

An examination is made of the metrological properties of an electrical method of determining the characteristic parameters of a seismic detector. The method is an alternative to the method of having mechanical vibrations act directly on the detector.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 7, pp. 37–41, July, 1994.     

New stage in the metrological provision for sensors

It is shown that traditional methods of metrological provision for critical sensors do not provide the required level of confidence for measurement results and economic efficiency. The desirability of changing to automatic monitoring of the metrological precision of sensors during operation is substantiated and requirements for the metrological procedures that are necessary are determined. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 3. pp. 69–73, March, 2007.     

Amplitude modulation of guided radiation in single-mode fiber lightguides with a low normalized frequency due to seismic signals

The features of the amplitude modulation of guided radiation in single-mode fiber lightguides with a low normalized frequency when acted upon by seismic signals are investigated. It is shown that the sensitivity of sections of such lightguides to seismic shocks can reach 6·10^–4 g. This makes it possible to use them to construct fiber-optical measuring transducers, whose metrological characteristics enable them to be used to solve a wide range of geophysics problems.     

Measuring procedure in the course of sounding of objects and media by nuclear radiation

We give a survey of methods for organization of measuring procedure in the course of sounding of objects and materials by nuclear radiation. By using the model of measuring signal, we considered methods for selection, transmission, and processing of information. We give some examples of methods for estimation of the parameters of a signal of a detector of nuclear radiations of stationary, nonstationary, and random intensities as applied to a problem on distant sounding of media and materials by nuclear methods. The corresponding information measuring systems and methods for their metrological certification are presented. Karpenko Physicomechanical Institute, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, L'viv. Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 115–121, September–October, 1997.     

Two-Stage evaluation of the error characteristics for the results of measurements made by computerized instruments

We consider an approach to metrological support for computerized measurements. This approach combines conventional methods for standardization, experimental evaluation, and verification of metrological characteristics of direct-measurement results and the use of self-testing programs for processing these results. These methods can be applied in the future to programs that use interval arthmetic or fuzzy variables. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 3, pp. 3–7, March, 2000.     

Basic developments in precision rangefinding at the metrologiya state scientific and industrial cooperative

Developments are considered in precision laser rangefinders, including metrological characteristics and applications. Metrological support is considered for measuring large length and for the transmission of the meter length unit.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 11, pp. 22–24, November, 1994.     

Metrological problems in automatic production

Conclusions In order to ensure the successful development and application of automatic systems and, in the first place, high quality for their production, it is necessary to carry out a large amount of metrological work which has not been previously performed by the State Committee's system in working out theoretical foundations and methods of normalizing metrological characteristics of measuring instruments for automatic control, regulating and monitoring systems; in developing methods and equipment for testing and checking measuring devices of automatic system; and in carrying out state testing of automatic measuring systems.The State Committee and its agencies should in future provide metrological evaluations of control, regulation and monitoring systems as a whole.     

Status and problem of metrological provisioning of agriculture

Conclusions The accumulated experience of metrological provisioning of agriculture testifies to the fact that in the near future it will be necessary to have: further growth and improvement of the activity of all members of the departmental metrological service; the creation and broadening of the technical base of collective farms, state farms, and state purchasing organizations; the introduction of the newest progressive methods and means for measurements; the improvement of the forms of surveillance of measuring equipment and the increasing of its effectiveness; constant growth and strengthening of the base of metrological servicing of agriculture; and the strengthening of the training and the increasing of the qualifications of specialist-metrologists.Successful implementation of this entire complex of measures for improving the metrological provisioning of agriculture is the guarantee of timely solution of the problems set forth by the Party and by the government for further growth of this important branch of the people's economy.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 5, pp. 80–82, May, 1973.     

Increasing the resolution and the stability of metrological characteristics of micromechanical accelerometers

Data on increased stability of the metrological characteristics of micromechanical accelerometers are presented. Prospects for expanded marketing of accelerometers with high stability and resolution for use in remote seismic warning systems in reactors and gravitational monitoring are discussed.     

Selection of transducer inspection methods

Specific characteristics of metrological support for transducers is discussed, and a formalized library of transducer inspection methods is described. The proposed methods can be used with different kinds of input signals.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 11, pp. 14–18, November, 1993.     

Development of a System of Metrological Supervision of Thermovision Measuring Devices

The state of metrological supervision of thermovision measuring devices is considered and recommendations are given for determining their basic metrological characteristics and methods and means of monitoring the parameters. Results are presented from studies of an equipment complex consisting of an extended radiator and set of thermal test objects. Through use of the complex, it is possible to verify and calibrate thermovision instruments.     

谈谈航空企业计量管理工作应注意的几个问题

按照国防计量法律、法规和GJB9001B-2009、Q/AVIC 09001-2012质量管理体系相关要求,结合质量体系审核中计量管理工作容易出现的问题,提出了航空企业计量管理工作应注意的几个问题,阐述了开展这些计量管理工作的思路和方法。     

Fiber-optic sensors as favorable elements of systems for the remote transmission of unit dimensions of physical quantities and their multifunction transformations

A statement of the problem is given for the utilization of fiber-optic sensors in systems for the remote transmission of the dimensions of units of physical quantities. Measurable quantities and sensor design principles are discussed. The latest results of metrological analysis of externally modulated amplitude sensors and frequency sensors are given. A number of conceptual conclusions are drawn from the investigation. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 10, pp. 22–33, October, 1998.     

Determination of the shape of indenters for nanohardness testers via interferometry

A method for determination of the contact-area functions for diamond indenters of nanohardness testers using a metrological atomic-force microscope with three-coordinate laser interferometer is proposed. Face shapes of a number of indenters of Berkovich pyramid type are measured. The precision of the indenter surface coordinates measurement is 1 nm. It is demonstrated that the indenter tip shape changes in the course of its use; in particular, for the first 100 nm the deviation from the ideal pyramid can exceed 30 nm. Thus, one of the methods for verification of the contact-area function for an indenter is its periodic calibration using a metrological atomic-force microscope.     

Metrological support of hydroacoustic measurements

A brief survey of the metrological studies carried out by the All-Russia Research Institute of Physico-Technical and Radiotechnical Measurements in the area of hydroacoustics is presented. These studies are intended for supporting the unity and correctness of hydroacoustic measurements in the country and related to the creation of a standards base, metrological investigations in performing field measurments, and the development of primary converters and measurement systems as well as new methods of measurements.Translated from Izmeritelnaya Tekhnika, No. 1, pp. 27–30, January, 2005.     

Unified measurements and metrological support to diagnosis, therapy, and surgery

Unified measurements and metrological support are considered for diagnosis, therapy, and surgery; here the metrologist deals with a human being as a measurement object, and a classification is given of the latest methods and facilities for use in these three areas of medicine. Particular attention is paid to unifying and standardizing methods of making measurements with medical apparatus. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 2, pp. 66–69, February, 1999.     

Work of SNIIM in Metrological Provisions for Measuring Complex Reflection and Transmission Coefficients at UHF

Results of work by SNIIM in the last thirty years in the field of metrological provisions for measuring reflection and transmission coefficients at high and ultrahigh frequency are presented.     

Metrological characteristics of comprehensive calibration method for low-temperature noise generators

Results are given for theoretical and experimental studies of a comprehensive calibration method for low-temperature noise generators with analysis of its metrological characteristics, including an analytical representation of the temperature distribution function along the waveguide transmission line and a correction for the nonuniformity of the surface impedance of a rectangular waveguide due to its nonuniform heating. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 2, pp. 35–38, February, 2000.