电梯轿厢意外移动原因分析及对策

随着社会的发展,在用电梯的数量在不断增长,电梯的事故也频频出现,特别是电梯轿厢意外移动造成的剪切、挤压事故数量在增加。分析了电梯轿厢意外移动发生的原因,提出防止轿厢意外移动的对策方案,可以有效降低电梯剪切、挤压事故的风险,提高电梯的安全性能。     

浅谈电梯轿厢意外移动保护装置检验研究

轿厢意外移动保护装置是电梯电气安全装置之一,可以规避如电梯曳引轮轴断裂、控制系统元件损坏等原因导致轿厢发生意外移动,对进出轿厢的乘客发生剪切、挤压等电梯事故。本文依据电梯制造与安装安全规范和检验规则,对电梯轿厢意外移动产生原因、电梯轿厢意外移动保护装置系统组成、检验内容及检验方法等进行探讨研究,以达到检验人员对电梯轿厢意外移动保护装置的熟知与其科学专业化检验及结论判定,确保电梯在用的安全性。     

基于传感器检测的电梯轿门保护综合系统探究

电梯轿厢的意外移动使得电梯门框产生对乘客的挤压和剪切是非常危险的一种事故，需要一种监测轿厢的运行状况并且检测其是否发生剪切或挤压，及时通过相关部件来制停轿厢的装置，保护乘客人身安全。本文介绍了基于压力传感、电梯门及轿厢位置监测技术的电梯轿门剪切预防方法以及防剪切系统的硬件架构和软件设计，经过现场实验取得良好结果。     

电梯意外移动保护装置的实现与检验

近年来随着高层建筑和老旧小区加装电梯的不断增多,对电梯的依赖性和关注度越来越大。根据相关部门对电梯事故的研究调查,电梯80%的事故都集中在门系统上,特别是电梯在开门状态下发生的意外移动故障,更是会对进出轿厢的乘客产生致命性的剪切事故。我国电梯标准委员会在发布的《GB 7588-2003第1号修改单》中也针对电梯轿厢意外移动这一问题,提出了应在电梯上加装防止轿厢意外移动保护装置UCMP (unintended car movement protection)。本文针对电梯意外移动保护装置的实现及检验进行解析与探究。     

轿厢意外移动安全保护装置的设计分析

为了应对电梯轿厢意外移动引发的事故,在大量分析研究国内外现有轿厢意外移动的基础上,提出了一种作用于电梯钢丝绳的具有缓冲制动装置的轿厢意外移动保护装置的设计方案,能够有效防止轿厢意外移动,为轿厢意外移动的研究提供了一种思路。     

防止电梯轿厢意外移动的安全保护装置设计

近年来,电梯轿厢意外移动引起的电梯事故频发,但当下并未有针对性的防止措施。为此,设计了一款防止轿厢意外的安全保护装置,该装置主要防止电梯轿厢在门区开门后意外移动,确保人员进出电梯轿厢时的人身安全。对该装置进行了机构设计、特征参数和强度的计算。     

一种电梯轿厢意外移动保护装置的设计

由于曳引式电梯轿厢意外移动引发的事故时有发生,使得研究与应用电梯轿厢意外移动成为热点,本文在研究电梯轿厢意外移动发生因素的基础上,从结构设计入手,设计了一个能够实现防止轿厢意外移动的保护装置,为电梯轿厢意外移动安全保护装置的设计与研究提供一定的参考。     

电梯意外移动保护装置的研发

针对电梯轿厢意外移动而引起的安全问题,文中主要研究一种防止电梯轿厢意外移动的保护装置。通过分析电梯轿厢意外移动产生的原因,设计更为可靠的制动装置。通过对采集到的电梯轿厢开关门信号、电梯平层信号、以及设计的传感器信号做对比,判断轿厢是否发生了意外移动,若发生移动,则制动装置制停轿厢。对设计样机进行实验,实验结果表明,其响应时间≤500 ms,制停距离≤400 mm,可实现轿厢在发生意外移动时有效制停。     

浅析曳引驱动乘客电梯轿厢意外移动及其保护装置

以曳引驱动乘客电梯的轿厢意外移动保护装置为研究对象,介绍了电梯轿厢意外移动及其保护装置,对电梯轿厢意外移动的原因进行了分析,旨在准确判断电梯的风险源,提高电梯检验安全意识,以降低事故发生的可能性。     

电梯轿厢意外移动保护装置的设置及失效案例分析

电梯轿厢在开锁区域内且开门的情况下发生意外移动,可能对不做防备的轿厢出入口处乘客造成剪切、挤压等事故,导致这些事故发生的主要原因是制动器故障、驱动系统失效和操作人员的失误等;为此,GB 7588—2003《电梯制造与安装安全规范》第1号修改单中加入了"轿厢意外移动保护装置"的相关内容。文中分析了轿厢意外移动保护装置的设置问题,着重对部分失效案例进行分析,并提出相关性建议以供参考。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.