火龙果酵素中原花青素含量测定方法的建立

采用香草醛-盐酸法对火龙果酵素中原花青素含量进行测定,考察反应温度、反应时间、香草醛质量浓度对溶液吸光度值的影响,并确定火龙果酵素中原花青素含量测定的方法。结果表明,原花青素含量的最适检测条件为1 mL火龙果酵素稀释液,5 mL 5 g/100 mL的香草醛甲醇溶液,4 mL 10%盐酸甲醇溶液,混匀后,35 ℃条件下显色反应20 min,在波长500 nm处测定吸光度值。精密度和重现性试验结果的相对标准偏差（RSD）值分别为1.23%和1.47%;平均回收率为99.5%～104.4%,RSD值为1.21%～2.11%。表明该法操作简便,精密度和重现性良好,准确性高,适用于火龙果酵素中原花青素含量的测定。     

响应面法优化香草醛法测定莽吉柿果壳原花青素

利用响应面分析对香草醛法测定莽吉柿果壳原花青素的显色条件进行优化。通过单因素试验考察酸种类与浓度、香草醛浓度、反应温度、反应时间对溶液吸光度值的影响;在单因素试验基础上,设计响应面试验优化显色条件。结果表明,采用硫酸作为酸化介质,体系的稳定性较强;对测定影响最大的因素是硫酸浓度,其次是香草醛浓度,影响最小的是反应温度;最佳显色条件为：样品溶液0.5 mL,12 g/100 mL香草醛溶液3 mL,70%硫酸溶液1.5 mL,反应温度43℃,避光反应10 min,在此条件下测得莽吉柿果壳中原花青素含量为76.45 mg/g,相对标准偏差0.609%。优化后的方法精密度及准确度较高,稳定性良好,适用于莽吉柿果壳中原花青素含量的测定。     

HPLC法测定不同品种苹果中原花青素B2的含量

目的：建立苹果中原花青素B2含量的测定方法,测定5个不同品种苹果果皮和果肉中原花青素B2的含量。方法：采用HPLC法测定苹果果皮和果肉中原花青素B2的含量,色谱柱为Phenomenex Luna C18柱 (250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相：A相：0.5%磷酸溶液,B相：水-乙腈(50:50,V/V);流速：1.0mL/min;柱温：30℃;检测波长：280nm。结果：原花青素B2进样量在2.399～9.596μg范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(R2＝0.9998),回收率97.72%,RSD=1.98%。经测定几种苹果果皮和果肉中原花青素B2的含量分别在275.24～548.42μg/g和90.19～247.06μg/g范围中。结论：本法简便、易行,可用于苹果质量控制。     

火棘果中原花青素含量测定方法的建立

采用香草醛-盐酸法对火棘提取物中原花青素含量进行测定,考察了标准物、光照条件、反应时间、反应温度、盐酸浓度、香草醛浓度等因素对原花青素与香草醛显色反应的影响结果表明,香草醛-盐酸法测定火棘提取物中原花青素含量的适宜条件为:1mL提取液,6mL4％香草醛甲醇溶液以及3mL浓盐酸,混匀后不避光条件下30C水浴保温10min后,以儿茶素为标准品,波长500nm处测定吸光度值该测定方法具有良好的重复性、稳定性、重现性,回收率较高.     

肉桂枝叶非挥发部分原花青素含量测定的比较研究

目的:对肉桂枝叶非挥发部分的原花青素含量进行测定,并考察香草醛法和铁盐催化法两种测定方法的优劣。方法:以儿茶素为对照品,甲醇为溶剂,采用香草醛-盐酸法测定原花青素含量。以原花青素为对照品,正丁醇为介质,采用铁盐催化法测定原花青素含量。结果:香草醛法中样品在儿茶素吸收度较高区间490~510nm处没有明显吸收峰,铁盐催化法中样品在原花青素最大吸收波长550nm处有最大吸收。对照品原花青素在0.05~0.30mg/mL范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为y=4.242x-0.1275(R2=0.9993),精密度RSD=0.06%,重复性RSD=0.75%,稳定性RSD=0.79%,回收率RSD=1.24%。结论:铁盐催化法比较适合肉桂枝叶非挥发成分原花青素含量的测定,且具有良好的精密度、重复性、稳定性,回收率也较高;而香草醛法则不理想。     

响应面法优化山竹果皮中原花青素的提取工艺

利用响应面法对山竹果皮中原花青素提取工艺进行优化,提高山竹果皮中原花青素的提取率。分析单因素对原花青素提取率的影响后,采用Box-Behnken试验设计评价乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间和提取温度4个因素的显著性和交互作用分析。结果表明:山竹果皮原花青素的最佳提取条件为乙醇浓度81%,料液比1∶70(g/m L),温度68℃,时间50min。在该条件下,山竹果皮原花青素的理论提取率为17.45%,验证实际值为17.38%,与理论值误差为0.40%。     

硫解法和正相色谱法测定山竹壳原花青素

为分析山竹壳中原花青素的组成和含量,采用硫解衍生法和反相HPLC对山竹壳中可提原花青素(EP)和不可提原花青素(NEP)进行了测定,采用正相HPLC、ESI-MS对不同聚合度EP进行了分析和定量。山竹壳中原花青素的主要组成单体为表儿茶素,EP和NEP含量分别为(131.69±11.24)、(36.92±2.38)g/kg(以原花青素B2计),平均聚合度为(4.27±0.08)、(5.41±0.04)。检测出三种不同聚合度EP分别为:B型原矢车菊素二聚体(40.51±8.30)g/kg、三聚体(38.70±8.69)g/kg和四聚体(13.95±3.93)g/kg。这些结果为山竹壳原花青素的利用提供了一定的依据。     

不同品种苹果果皮和果肉中总三萜含量的测定

建立测定苹果中总三萜含量的方法。以熊果酸为标准品,用紫外-可见分光光度法测定不同品种苹果果皮和果肉中总三萜的含量。熊果酸的质量在21μg~136μg范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=0.007x-0.035(R2=0.999 3),平均回收率为100.32%。不同品种苹果果皮的总三萜的含量范围为13.2 mg/g~23.9 mg/g,苹果果肉的总三萜的含量范围为8.0mg/g~15.0mg/g。该方法简单、可靠、稳定性好、重复性高,可用于苹果中功能营养成分总三萜含量的检测。     

苹果果皮、果肉多酚含量测定及抗氧化能力研究

以国产4个品种苹果果皮和果肉为研究对象,对其总酚、总黄酮、花青素含量进行测定,并进行抗氧化性研究。结果表明,花牛苹果果皮和果肉总酚含量分别达到11.31 mg/g,1.95 mg/g,总黄酮含量为27.22 mg/g,4.7 mg/g以及花青素含量13.16 mg/g,1.63 mg/g。高于其他3个品种苹果。4种苹果的总酚含量与DPPH自由基清除性能,Trolox当量抗氧化性能和还原能力呈现极显著的正相关关系。苹果的果皮和果肉的多酚含量有着较大差距,多酚类物质的含量决定着苹果的抗氧化性能。以期为苹果多酚的开发利用提供技术参考。     

香草醛法测定紫山药中原花青素的方法建立

建立香草醛-盐酸法测定紫山药中原花青素含量的方法。主要从光照影响、反应时间、反应温度、香草醛用量和盐酸浓度5个方面对试验条件进行优化,结果表明测定的最佳条件为:紫山药提取液1 mL,10 g/100 mL香草醛溶液5 mL,浓盐酸3 mL,而后用甲醇定容至10 mL,在20℃下静置10 min,于500 nm处测定其吸光度。经测定该方法线性范围为4μg/mL~24μg/mL,相对标准偏差RSD为1.10%,回收率为98.06%~103.89%,可以作为紫山药中原花青素的测定方法。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the